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Vasyl Makukh | |
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| Васи́ль Омеля́нович Ма́кух | |
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| Born | 14 November 1927 |
| Died | 6 November 1968 (aged 40) |
| Known for | Self-immolation in protest of Soviet policy in Ukraine |
Vasyl Omelianovych Makukh (Ukrainian: Васи́ль Омеля́нович Ма́кух; 14 November 1927 – 6 November 1968) was a Soviet veteran ofWorld War II, political prisoner andUkrainian activist, and member of theUkrainian Insurgent Army. Having been conscripted into theRed Army, in November 1944 Makukh defected and joined the nationalistUkrainian Insurgent Army. In February 1946 he was wounded and captured after a shootout with Soviet and Polish border guards at the Soviet-Polish border (todayPoland–Ukraine border). On 15 February 1946, Makukh was taken to the district precinct of the KGB (soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs) inVelyki Mosty and later toLviv Prison No. 4 (known as "Brygidki"). On 11 July 1946, the Military Tribunal of Lviv garrison sentenced him to 10 years of hard labour (katorga) with five years of detention ("civil rights restriction") plus the confiscation of all his property. Makukh served his sentence inDubravlag (Mordovia) and otherGULAG camps inSiberia.[1] On 18 July 1955, he was freed and exiled to a local settlement, where he met a woman who had also served 10 years imprisonment. In 1956, both managed to return to Ukraine, and being forbidden to return to their own region, they settled in Dnipropetrovsk (todayDnipro), where they married and Makukh worked as a schoolteacher.
On November 5, 1968, he committedsuicide byself-immolation onKhreshchatyk,Kyiv's main street, in protest against theSoviet rule of Ukraine, againstrussification[2] as well as theSoviet invasion in Czechoslovakia.[3][4][5][6] Before his death, Makukh shouted 'Long live free Ukraine!'[6] He died the next day. On 6 November 1968 the prosecutor's office of the Leninsky District of Kyiv city opened a criminal case against him because of the suicide, the outcome of which was never made known.[citation needed]
Russification policy in the territories occupied or annexed by Russia in the 18–21st centuries | |
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| Anti-Russification activists | |
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