 Foxboro Stadium, site of the game | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Date | January 19, 2002 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Stadium | Foxboro Stadium,Foxborough, Massachusetts | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Referee | Walt Coleman | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Attendance | 60,292 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| TV in the United States | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Network | CBS | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Announcers | Greg Gumbel andPhil Simms | |||||||||||||||||||||
The2001 AFC Divisional Playoff game, also known as theTuck Rule Game or theSnow Bowl,[1][2] and sometimes referred to asSnow Bowl 2, was aNational Football League (NFL)playoff game between theNew England Patriots and theOakland Raiders. Part of the second round of the2001–02 NFL playoffs, the game was played on January 19, 2002 atFoxboro Stadium inFoxborough, Massachusetts, at the time the Patriots' home stadium, and was the last game ever played at the stadium. There was a heavysnowfall during the game.
The nameTuck Rule Game originates from the controversial play that changed the course of the game. In the fourth quarter, Raiders'cornerbackCharles Woodson tackled Patriots'quarterbackTom Brady, causing what game officials initially ruled to be afumble that was recovered by Raiders'linebackerGreg Biekert. However, uponreview of the play, officials eventually determined that even though Brady had seemingly halted his passing motion and was attempting to "tuck" the ball back into his body, it was anincomplete pass and not a fumble under the then-effective NFL rules. As a result, the original call was overturned; had it stood, the play would have sealed a victory for the Raiders. The ball was instead given back to the Patriots, who subsequently moved it intofield goal range. With under a minute remaining in regulation time, Patriots'placekickerAdam Vinatieri kicked a 45-yard field goal to tie the game at 13, sending the game intoovertime. In the overtime, Vinatieri kicked a 23-yard field goal to win the game for the Patriots. New England went on to winSuper Bowl XXXVI, beginning arun of championships with Brady and head coachBill Belichick, appearing in nineSuper Bowls and winning six.[3][4] Due to the game's controversial call, dramatic overtime finish, and significance in kickstarting the Patriots' dynasty, it is regarded as one of the most famous and consequential games in league history and as an important part of NFL lore.
The Tuck Rule Game was played as part of the2001–02 NFL playoffs, which would crown the NFL champion for the2001 season. Under the playoff structure in place at the time, six teams from each of the NFL's two conferences – theAFC andNFC – qualified for the playoffs. These six teams would consist of the champions of each of the three divisions of each conference (the East, Central, and West), plus threewild card teams, which were the three teams who finished with the best win–loss record in each conference who were not division champions. These six teams would be seeded 1–6 based on win–loss record for purposes of playoff bracketing, with the three division champions seeded 1–3 and the three wild card qualifiers seeded 4–6.
The playoff system stipulated that the top two division winners in each conference would receive afirst-round bye into the second round of the playoffs (the divisional playoff), while the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth-ranked teams would play in the first round of the playoffs (the wild card playoff), with the #3 seed playing the #6 seed and the #4 seed squaring off against the #5 seed. The victors of the wild card playoff games would then face the top two seeds in the divisional playoff, with the #1 seed facing the lowest-surviving seed from the wild card playoff and the #2 seed pairing off against the other wild card playoff winner.
TheAFC East champion Patriots were the #2 seed in the AFC playoffs, having posted an 11–5 win–loss record during the 2001 season. Although theMiami Dolphins had also compiled an 11–5 record during the regular season, New England was awarded the division title and first-round bye as the #2 seed due to having a better division record than Miami (6–2 compared to the Dolphins' 5–3); the Dolphins instead qualified for the playoffs as a wild card team and the #4 seed. The season had been wild for the Patriots, who began the year 0–2 after veteran quarterbackDrew Bledsoe suffered a shearedblood vessel in his chest[5] in the Week 2 game against theNew York Jets. Backup quarterback Tom Brady then led the offense to a playoff berth. As the #2 seed, the Patriots earned a bye into the divisional playoff.
The Raiders had clinched theAFC West division title with a 10–6 regular-season record and qualified as the #3 seed in the AFC playoffs. As such, they played the Jets (a #6 seeded wild-card team) in an AFC wild-card playoff game on January 12 atNetwork Associates Coliseum, in which they emerged victorious, 38–24. With the Jets eliminated, the Patriots would face the Raiders in the one divisional playoff game and thePittsburgh Steelers would face the winner ofBaltimore Ravens, the #5 seed, and the #4 seededMiami Dolphins as the lowest-remaining seed. The Ravens beat the Dolphins 20–3 in the other wild-card playoff game.
Both teams struggled in the heavy snowstorm during the first half, combining for the same number of punts as first downs (11) and converting only one of 13 third downs. Nonetheless, Raiders quarterbackRich Gannon completed 10 of 14 passes for 87 yards. With 1:12 left in the first quarter, a 15-yard fair-catch interference penalty against Patriots defensive backJe'Rod Cherry at the end ofKen Walter's 39-yard punt gave Oakland a first down at midfield, where they drove to a 7–0 lead on Gannon's 13-yard touchdown pass toJames Jett. A few plays later, Raiders defensive backJohnnie Harris intercepted a pass from Brady on the Patriots 41-yard line, but New England's defense managed to force a punt, which would be the final result of every following drive from either team until the end of the half.
In the second half, New England almost completely abandoned its running game and relied on Brady's passing. On the opening drive of the third quarter, he connected withDavid Patten for gains of 25 and 19 yards as he led the Patriots 62 yards in 12 plays to the Raiders' 5-yard line, whereAdam Vinatieri made a 23-yard field goal to make it 7–3.Terry Kirby returned the ensuing kickoff 22 yards to the Oakland 37-yard line and the Raiders produced a 10-play, 43-yard drive to score on a 38-yard field goal fromSebastian Janikowski. Then, after a 33-yard punt by Walter gave the Raiders a first down on their own 49, a 22-yard reception by receiverJerry Rice set up Janikowski's second field goal, from 45 yards, giving the Raiders a 13–3 lead with two minutes left in the third quarter.
The Raiders appeared to be dominating to this point of the game. However, in the fourth quarter, Brady led the Patriots on a 10-play, 67-yard drive, completing nine consecutive passes for 61 yards and finishing it with a 6-yard touchdown run with 7:57 left that made the score 13–10. Later in the quarter, Patriots receiverTroy Brown returnedShane Lechler's 37-yard punt 27 yards to the Patriots 46-yard line. Brown fumbled the ball at the end of the return, but Pats linebackerLarry Izzo recovered it with 2:06 left on the clock. Brady then completed a seven-yard pass toKevin Faulk before scrambling for five yards and running out of bounds to the Patriots' sideline, picking up a first down at the Oakland 42. New England had no timeouts left, but with the clock stopped, Brady here had a short conversation with offensive coordinatorCharlie Weis.
With 1:50 left, Raiders cornerbackEric Allen, lurking at the Patriots' sideline, heard Brady's talk with Weis. Allen stated that he heard the Patriots' play call; he then rushed to his sideline and told his team what he had heard. While the Patriots were slightly out of field-goal range, Brady dropped back to pass, with no open receivers. While pumping the football, Brady was hit on his right side by blitzing Raiders cornerbackCharles Woodson (his former college teammate atMichigan). While it appeared that Brady had tucked the ball back towards his body, the officials were not sure and ruled it a fumble so they could review the play.
In1999, a new rule had been introduced, which eventually became known as thetuck rule:
NFL Rule 3, Section 22, Article 2, Note 2. When [an offensive] player is holding the ball to pass it forward, any intentional forward movement of his arm starts a forward pass, even if the player loses possession of the ball as he is attempting to tuck it back toward his body. Also, if the player has tucked the ball into his body and then loses possession, it is a fumble.[6]
After a video-replay review, refereeWalt Coleman reversed the call, declaring the play an incomplete forward-pass and giving possession back to the Patriots.[7] Coleman's announcement stated that the ball was moving forward at the time at which it was dropped. Thus, the original call was overturned, and the Patriots maintained possession.
Because the play was initially ruled a fumble, instant-replay rules required the referee to see "incontrovertible visual evidence" on the replay that Brady had not "tucked the ball into his body andthen {lost} possession" of it before reversing the original call on the field. In 2012, on the ten-year anniversary of the game, Coleman toldESPN that he did not see Brady lose the ball, and, as NFL referees were trained to do in this situation, ruled it a fumble because that call could be reviewed while an incomplete pass could not. Once he saw a replay, Coleman quickly reversed his previous ruling, telling ESPN it was an "easy" call.[8]
This was not the first time the Patriots had seen the tuck rule invoked in the 2001 NFL season.[9] On September 23, Patriots defensive endAnthony Pleasant apparently forced Jets quarterbackVinny Testaverde to fumble,[10] but the call was overturned upon review and ruled an incomplete pass. In the aftermath of the Tuck Rule Game, Patriots head coach Bill Belichick explained, "I knew what the ruling should have been because we had dealt with that play a little bit earlier in the year on the other side of it."[11]
The Raiders complained extensively that the call was wrong, and that it was made against them because the league had a vendetta against the team, an attitude Raiders quarterback Rich Gannon said was "totally nonsense."[12] Several Raiders players and observers also said that the Tuck Rule led to head coachJon Gruden's departure from the team, as ownerAl Davis was apparently angry that Gruden did not protest the call vehemently enough. Gruden was dismissive of Davis' views on the matter, and the subsequent breakdown in relations between owner and coach led to Gruden being traded toTampa Bay and becoming their head coach in 2002. (Gruden would return to the Raiders in2018 after spending a stint as a broadcaster withESPN.)
The tuck rule was abolished on March 20, 2013, by a 29–1 vote of current teams.[13] ThePittsburgh Steelers voted against abolition, while two teams, the Patriots andWashington Commanders, abstained from the vote.[14] Patriots ownerRobert Kraft noted, "I know Al Davis, may he rest in peace, is probably smiling."[15]
After the Patriots maintained possession, Brady completed a 13-yard pass toDavid Patten to the Raiders' 29. After two incomplete passes and a Brady scramble, Vinatieri came on to hit a game-tying 45-yard field goal through the snow with just 27 seconds left, a kick considered to have been one of the most difficult kicks in NFL history,[16] or the most "clutch-kick ever."[17] With seconds left on the clock after the ensuing kickoff, the Raiders decided not to attempt to advance the ball, instead letting it go to overtime.
The Patriots won the toss and took the ball to start overtime. They drove 61 yards in 15 plays, with Brady completing all eight of his pass attempts, for a total of 45 yards. On fourth down and 4 from the Raiders' 28, Brady hit Patten for a six-yard completion. Three plays later,Antowain Smith picked up eight yards for a first down at the Oakland 9 and the Patriots, now going against the wind, fought to set up the game-winning kick. After Brady dove to the 5 and centered the ball, Vinatieri kicked a 23-yard field goal, giving the Patriots a 16–13 victory and advancing them to theAFC Championship Game. Brady ended up completing 26 of 39 passes for 238 yards in the second half.
| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | OT | Total |
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| Raiders | 0 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 13 |
| Patriots | 0 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 3 | 16 |
atFoxboro Stadium,Foxborough, Massachusetts
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The Patriots went on to defeat thePittsburgh Steelers, 24–17, in the AFC Championship Game, and then defeated theNFC championSt. Louis Rams, 20–17, inSuper Bowl XXXVI on a last-second field goal by Vinatieri. The Super Bowl championship was the first in Patriots' history and began aperiod of dominance for the team in the 2000s and 2010s that included eight additional Super Bowl appearances with five more titles, in Super BowlsXXXVIII,XXXIX,XLIX,LI, andLIII.
The Tuck Rule Game was Gruden's last contest of his first stint as Raider head coach; he was traded to theTampa Bay Buccaneers before the following season. The Raiders went to the Super Bowlthe next year, but were beaten by Gruden'sBuccaneers, 48–21, and did not make the playoffs again until 2016. In 2018, Gruden returned to coach the Raiders after a nine-year stint as atelevision analyst. He made reference to the Tuck Rule Game in his introductory press conference upon his return to the Raiders, turning to former Raiders cornerbackCharles Woodson and saying, "Brady fumbled that ball."[18] Brady himself has also suggested that the play "might have been a fumble."[19]
Up to his retirement at the end of the2018 season, Coleman officiated 265 more NFL games, including 21 more involving the Patriots, but none involving the Raiders. As it happened, his last game involved the Patriots.[20]
As for Tom Brady, he went on to have a massive career-winning seven Super Bowls:Super Bowls XXXVI,XXXVIII,XXXIX,XLIX,LI,LIII, andLV. After his retirement, he went on to become an NFL analyst withFox, as well as a minority stakeholder in the Raiders franchise – the team he beat in the Tuck Rule game.
Hall of Fame‡
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