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United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromThird Circuit Court of Appeals)
Current United States federal appellate court

United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
(3d Cir.)
LocationJames A. Byrne U.S. Courthouse
Appeals from
EstablishedJune 16, 1891
Judges14
Circuit JusticeSamuel Alito
Chief JudgeMichael Chagares
www.ca3.uscourts.gov

TheUnited States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (incase citations,3d Cir.) is afederal court withappellate jurisdiction over thedistrict courts for the followingdistricts:

This circuit also hears appeals from theDistrict Court of the Virgin Islands, which is an Article IVterritorial court and not a district court under Article III of the Constitution.

The court is composed of 14 active judges and is based at theJames A. Byrne United States Courthouse inPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania. The court also conducts sittings in other venues, including theUnited States Virgin Islands.[1] It is one of 13United States courts of appeals. Due to the court's appellate jurisdiction overDelaware, where more than half of publicly-traded companies in the United States incorporate, the court handles a significant number of influential commercial cases in the United States.

Current composition of the court

[edit]

As of January 15, 2025[update]:[2][3]

#TitleJudgeDuty stationBornTerm of serviceAppointed by
ActiveChiefSenior
61Chief JudgeMichael ChagaresNewark, NJ19622006–present2021–presentG.W. Bush
63Circuit JudgeThomas HardimanPittsburgh, PA19652007–presentG.W. Bush
66Circuit JudgePatty ShwartzNewark, NJ19612013–presentObama
67Circuit JudgeCheryl Ann KrausePhiladelphia, PA19682014–presentObama
68Circuit JudgeL. Felipe RestrepoPhiladelphia, PA19592016–presentObama
69Circuit JudgeStephanos BibasPhiladelphia, PA19692017–presentTrump
70Circuit JudgeDavid J. PorterPittsburgh, PA19662018–presentTrump
71Circuit JudgePaul MateyNewark, NJ19712019–presentTrump
72Circuit JudgePeter J. PhippsPittsburgh, PA19732019–presentTrump
73Circuit JudgeArianna J. FreemanPhiladelphia, PA19782022–presentBiden
74Circuit JudgeTamika Montgomery-ReevesWilmington, DE19812023–presentBiden
75Circuit JudgeCindy K. ChungPittsburgh, PA19752023–presentBiden
76Circuit Judgevacant
77Circuit Judgevacant
45Senior Circuit JudgeAnthony Joseph SciricaPhiladelphia, PA19401987–20132003–20102013–presentReagan
46Senior Circuit JudgeRobert Coweninactive19301987–19981998–presentReagan
47Senior Circuit JudgeRichard Lowell NygaardErie, PA19401988–20052005–presentReagan
49Senior Circuit JudgeJane Richards RothWilmington, DE19351991–20062006–presentG.H.W. Bush
51Senior Circuit JudgeTheodore McKeePhiladelphia, PA19471994–20222010–20162022–presentClinton
53Senior Circuit JudgeMarjorie RendellPhiladelphia, PA19471997–20152015–presentClinton
55Senior Circuit JudgeThomas L. AmbroWilmington, DE19492000–20232023–presentClinton
56Senior Circuit JudgeJulio M. FuentesNewark, NJ19462000–20162016–presentClinton
57Senior Circuit JudgeD. Brooks SmithDuncansville, PA19512002–20212016–20212021–presentG.W. Bush
59Senior Circuit JudgeD. Michael FisherPittsburgh, PA19442003–20172017–presentG.W. Bush


Vacancies and pending nominations

[edit]
SeatPrior judge's duty stationSeat last held byVacancy reasonDate of vacancyNomineeDate of nomination
4Newark, NJJoseph A. Greenaway Jr.RetirementJune 15, 2023
5Wilmington, DEKent A. JordanJanuary 15, 2025

List of former judges

[edit]
#JudgeStateBorn–diedActive serviceChief JudgeSenior statusAppointed byReason for
termination
1Marcus Wilson AchesonPA1828–19061891–1906[Note 1] B. Harrison /Operation of lawdeath
2George M. DallasPA1839–19171892–1909B. Harrisonretirement
3George GrayDE1840–19251899–1914[4] McKinleyretirement
4Joseph BuffingtonPA1855–19471906–1938[4]1938–1947T. Rooseveltdeath
5William M. LanningNJ1849–19121909–1912 Taftdeath
6Robert W. ArchbaldPA1848–19261911–1913[5]impeachment and conviction
7John Bayard McPhersonPA1846–19191912–1919 Taftdeath
8Victor Baynard WoolleyDE1867–19451914–19381938–1945 Wilsondeath
9Thomas Griffith HaightNJ1879–19421919–1920[4] Wilsonresignation
10John Warren DavisNJ1867–19451920–19391939–1941 Wilsonresignation
11Joseph Whitaker ThompsonPA1861–19461931–19381938–1946 Hooverdeath
12John Biggs Jr.DE1895–19791937–19651948–19651965–1979F. Rooseveltdeath
13Albert Branson MarisPA1893–19891938–19581958–1989F. Rooseveltdeath
14William ClarkNJ1891–19571938–1943F. Rooseveltresignation
15Francis BiddlePA1886–19681939–1940F. Rooseveltresignation
16Charles Alvin JonesPA1887–19661939–1944F. Rooseveltresignation
17Herbert Funk GoodrichPA1889–19621940–1962F. Rooseveltdeath
18Gerald McLaughlinNJ1893–19771943–19681968–1977F. Rooseveltdeath
19John Joseph O'ConnellPA1894–19491945–1949 Trumandeath
20Harry Ellis KalodnerPA1896–19771946–19691965–19661969–1977 Trumandeath
21William H. HastieVI1904–19761949–1971[4]1968–19711971–1976 Trumandeath
22Austin Leander StaleyPA1902–19781950–19671966–19671967–1978 Trumandeath
23Phillip FormanNJ1895–19781959–19611961–1978 Eisenhowerdeath
24James Cullen GaneyPA1899–19721961–19661966–1972 Kennedydeath
25William Francis SmithNJ1903–19681961–1968 Kennedydeath
26Abraham Lincoln FreedmanPA1904–19711964–1971L. Johnsondeath
27Collins J. SeitzDE1914–19981966–19891971–19841989–1998L. Johnsondeath
28Francis Lund Van DusenPA1912–19931967–19771977–1993L. Johnsondeath
29Ruggero J. AldisertPA1919–20141968–19861984–19861986–2014L. Johnsondeath
30David Henry StahlPA1920–19701968–1970L. Johnsondeath
31Arlin M. AdamsPA1921–20151969–1987 Nixonretirement
32John Joseph GibbonsNJ1924–20181969–19901987–1990 Nixonretirement
33Max RosennPA1910–20061970–19811981–2006 Nixondeath
34James RosenNJ1909–19721971–1972 Nixondeath
35James Hunter IIINJ1916–19891971–19861986–1989 Nixondeath
36Joseph F. Weis Jr.PA1923–20141973–19881988–2014 Nixondeath
37Leonard I. GarthNJ1921–20161973–19861986–2016 Nixondeath
38A. Leon Higginbotham Jr.PA1928–19981977–19911990–19911991–1993 Carterretirement
39Dolores SloviterPA1932–20221979–20131991–19982013–2022 Carterdeath
40Edward R. BeckerPA1933–20061981–20031998–20032003–2006 Reagandeath
41Carol Los MansmannPA1942–20021985–2002 Reagandeath
42Walter King StapletonDE1934–20241985–19991999–2024 Reagandeath
43Morton Ira GreenbergNJ1933–20211987–20002000–2021 Reagandeath
44William D. HutchinsonPA1932–19951987–1995 Reagandeath
48Samuel AlitoNJ1950–present1990–2006G.H.W. Bushelevation toSupreme Court
50Timothy K. LewisPA1954–present1992–1999G.H.W. Bushresignation
52H. Lee SarokinNJ1928–20231994–1996 Clintonretirement
54Maryanne Trump BarryNJ1937–20231999–20112011–2019 Clintonretirement
58Michael ChertoffNJ1953–present2003–2005G.W. Bushresignation
60Franklin Van AntwerpenPA1941–20162004–20062006–2016G.W. Bushdeath
62Kent A. JordanDE1957–present2006–2025G.W. Bushretirement
64Joseph A. Greenaway Jr.NJ1957–present2010–2023 Obamaretirement
65Thomas I. VanaskiePA1953–present2010–20182018–2019 Obamaretirement
  1. ^Acheson was appointed as acircuit judge for the Third Circuit in 1891 byBenjamin Harrison. TheJudiciary Act of 1891 reassigned his seat to what is now the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.

Chief judges

[edit]
Chief Judge
Biggs Jr.1948–1965
Kalodner1965–1966
Staley1966–1967
Hastie1968–1971
Seitz1971–1984
Aldisert1984–1986
Gibbons1987–1990
Higginbotham1990–1991
Sloviter1991–1998
Becker1998–2003
Scirica2003–2010
McKee2010–2016
D. Smith2016–2021
Chagares2021–present

Chief judges have administrative responsibilities with respect to their circuits, and preside over any panel on which they serve, unless the circuit justice (theSupreme Court justice responsible for the circuit) is also on the panel. Unlike the Supreme Court, where one justice is specifically nominated to be chief, the office of chief judge rotates among the circuit judges.

To be chief, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as chief judge. A vacancy is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges, with seniority determined first by commission date, then by age. The chief judge serves for a term of seven years, or until age 70, whichever occurs first. If no judge qualifies to be chief, the youngest judge over the age of 65 who has served on the court for at least one year shall act as chief until another judge qualifies. If no judge has served on the court for more than a year, the most senior judge shall act as chief. Judges can forfeit or resign their chief judgeship or acting chief judgeship while retaining their active status as a circuit judge.[6]

When the office was created in 1948, the chief judge was the longest-serving judge who had not elected to retire, on what has since 1958 been known assenior status, or declined to serve as chief judge. After August 6, 1959, judges could not become or remain chief after turning 70 years old. The current rules have been in operation since October 1, 1982.[7]

Succession of seats

[edit]

The court has fourteen seats for active judges, numbered in the order in which they were initially filled. Judges who assumesenior status enter a kind of retirement in which they remain on the bench but vacate their seats, thus allowing theU.S. President to appoint new judges to fill their seats.

Seat 1
Established on December 10, 1869 by theJudiciary Act of 1869 as acircuit judgeship for the Third Circuit
Reassigned on June 16, 1891 to the newly formed United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit by theJudiciary Act of 1891
AchesonPA1892–1906
BuffingtonPA1906–1938
BiddlePA1939–1940
GoodrichPA1940–1962
FreedmanPA1964–1971
Weis, Jr.PA1973–1988
NygaardPA1988–2005
HardimanPA2007–present
Seat 2
Established on June 16, 1891 by theJudiciary Act of 1891
DallasPA1892–1909
LanningNJ1909–1912
McPhersonPA1912–1919
HaightNJ1919–1920
DavisNJ1920–1939
JonesPA1939–1944
KalodnerPA1946–1969
AdamsPA1969–1987
HutchinsonPA1987–1995
RendellPA1997–2015
BibasPA2017–present
Seat 3
Established on February 23, 1899 by 30 Stat. 846
GrayDE1899–1914
WoolleyDE1914–1938
MarisPA1938–1958
FormanNJ1959–1961
W. SmithNJ1961–1968
Hunter IIINJ1971–1986
CowenNJ1987–1998
FuentesNJ2000–2016
MateyNJ2019–present
Seat 4
Established on June 10, 1930 by 46 Stat. 538
ThompsonPA1931–1938
ClarkNJ1938–1943
McLaughlinNJ1943–1968
GibbonsNJ1969–1990
AlitoNJ1990–2006
Greenaway, Jr.NJ2010–2023
vacantNJ2023–present

Seat 5
Established as a temporary judgeship on June 24, 1936 by 49 Stat. 1903
Made permanent on May 31, 1938, by 52 Stat. 584
Biggs, Jr.DE1937–1965
SeitzDE1966–1989
RothDE1991–2006
JordanDE2006–2025
vacantDE2025–present
Seat 6
Established on December 7, 1944, by 58 Stat. 796
O'ConnellPA1945–1949
StaleyPA1950–1967
AldisertPA1968–1986
SciricaPA1987–2013
RestrepoPA2016–present
Seat 7
Established on August 3, 1949 by 63 Stat. 493
HastieVI1950–1971
RosenNJ1971–1972
GarthNJ1973–1986
GreenbergNJ1987–2000
ChertoffNJ2003–2005
ChagaresNJ2006–present
Seat 8
Established on May 19, 1961 by 75 Stat. 80
GaneyPA1961–1966
Van DusenPA1967–1977
Higginbotham, Jr.PA1977–1991
McKeePA1994–2022
FreemanPA2022–present

Seat 9
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
StahlPA1968–1970
RosennPA1970–1981
BeckerPA1981–2003
Van AntwerpenPA2004–2006
VanaskiePA2010–2018
PhippsPA2019–present
Seat 10
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
SloviterPA1979–2013
KrausePA2014–present
Seat 11
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
MansmannPA1985–2002
FisherPA2003–2017
PorterPA2018–present

Seat 12
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
StapletonDE1985–1999
AmbroDE2000–2023
Montgomery-ReevesDE2023–present
Seat 13
Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
LewisPA1992–1999
D. SmithPA2002–2021
ChungPA2023–present
Seat 14
Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
SarokinNJ1994–1996
BarryNJ1999–2011
ShwartzNJ2013–present

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Notice for Sitting in Virgin Islands"(PDF).Official website of the Third Circuit. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on April 1, 2013. RetrievedMarch 6, 2013.
  2. ^"U. S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit".Official website of the Federal Judicial Center. Archived fromthe original on May 25, 2005. RetrievedMay 30, 2005.
  3. ^"Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judges"(PDF).Official website of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on May 10, 2005. RetrievedMay 30, 2005.
  4. ^abcdRecess appointment, confirmed by theUnited States Senate at a later date.
  5. ^Archbald did not have a permanent seat on this court. Instead, he was appointed to the ill-fatedUnited States Commerce Court in 1910 byWilliam Howard Taft. Aside from their duties on the Commerce Court, the judges of the Commerce Court also acted as at-large appellate judges, able to be assigned by thechief justice of the United States to whichever circuit most needed help. Archbald was assigned to the Third Circuit upon his commission.
  6. ^28 U.S.C. § 45
  7. ^62 Stat. 871, 72 Stat. 497, 96 Stat. 51

External links

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