This template defaults to calculating the inflation ofConsumer Price Index values: staples, workers' rent, small service bills (doctor's costs, train tickets).For inflating capital expenses, government expenses, or the personal wealth and expenditure of the rich, the US-GDP or UK-GDP indexes should be used, which calculate inflation based on thegross domestic product (GDP) for theUnited States andUnited Kingdom, respectively.
Do not assume that using this template will mean that a calculated value is"current","as of 2025","as of 2024" or even necessarily"recent". PerMOS:REALTIME, statements made using this template should either specify anend_year, or rely on|fmt=eq or{{Inflation/year}} to automatically indicate the latest year this template provides an inflation calculation.Do not use{{CURRENTYEAR}}.
This template calculates inflation based on severalinflation index data sets. The template uses an identification code for an inflationindex (usually acountry code), an originalvalue, an originalstart_year and either a specific referenceend_year or by default the latest currently available end year,[1] and calculates the equivalent value from historical economic changes between the original and reference years. For example, this template calls the United States inflation table located in the sub-templateTemplate:Inflation/US/dataset to perform the U.S. calculation.
Aside from a convenient way to calculate values from different specified time periods, this template allows a regularly automatically updated calculation of value based on the most recent available inflation data. Whenever inflation tables are updated, potentially annually, all articles using this template have their displayed values updated accordingly.
For US currency (different from US-GDP), there is a simplified wrapper template,{{USDCY}}, which turns e.g. "{{USDCY|6.66|1899}}" into "($251.72 in2024)".
|index= (parameter 1),required, an index code for one of several available inflation indexes.
|value= (parameter 2),required, original price or value from which to base the inflation calculation on. Will ignore any commas, but must not have acurrency symbol.
|start_year= (parameter 3),required, original year from which to base the inflation calculation on. Must be a year available in the chosen inflation index. As an exception to this, if thecurrent year is specified and noend_year is specified, the template will outputvalue unchanged, as it can be assumed an inflation of zero.
|end_year= (parameter 4),optional, reference year for which to calculate inflation. Must be higher (later) thanstart_year, but not higher than the highest (most recent) year available in the chosen inflation index, and will default to the highest (most recent) available year if omitted.
|r=digit sets the digits to which the value must be rounded. A negative value indicates rounding to an upper significant digit, and a positive value indicates afractional digit includingtrailing zeros. Defaults to0, i.e., without cents.
|fmt=eq will show an equivalent-to phrase, in the format, "equivalent tocursignend_value inend_year". Usesthousands separator commas.
|cursign= will set thecurrency symbol to be shown. Only functions when|fmt=eq is used. Can use advanced symbol formats, but can only precede the calculated value. Default is$.
|orig=yes will display the original value too, with the currency sign provided.
Examples
Y{{Inflation|KRW|100|2000}} →155
Y{{Inflation|DE|100|2000}} →70
Y{{Inflation|US|595|1982}} →1939
Y{{Inflation|US|595|1982|fmt=eq}} →equivalent to $1,939 in 2024
Y{{Inflation|US|800|1942|fmt=eq|r=-3}} →equivalent to $15,000 in 2024
Y{{Inflation|US|100|2010|2012|fmt=eq|r=2}} →equivalent to $105.28 in 2012
YUS$595 ({{Inflation|US|595|1982|fmt=eq}}) →US$595 (equivalent to $1,939 in 2024)
YUS$595 ({{Inflation|US|595|1982|fmt=eq|cursign=[[United States dollar|US$]]}}) →US$595 (equivalent toUS$1,939 in 2024)
Y$21 million (equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|21|2005|r=2}} million in{{Inflation/year|US}}) →$21 million (equivalent to $33.81 million in 2024)
Y{{Inflation|UK|1|1209|fmt=eq|cursign=£}} →equivalent to £1,780 in 2023
Y{{Inflation|AU|100|2025|fmt=eq}} →equivalent to $100 in 2025
Y${{Inflation|US|100|2025}} in{{Inflation/year|US}} →$100 in 2024
Y{{Inflation|UK|100|1982|fmt=eq|orig=yes|cursign=£}} →£100 (equivalent to £446 in 2023)
N{{Inflation|UK|10|1971|fmt=eq}} →equivalent to $179 in 2023 (Omitting the|cursign= parameter will show the $ symbol by default, which is the wrong currency symbol for British currency)
Y{{Inflation|UK|10|1971|fmt=eq|cursign=£}} →equivalent to £179 in 2023
N$595 (${{Inflation|US|595|1982|fmt=c}} today) →$595 ($1,939 today) (Misleading time reference)
N$595 (${{Inflation|US|595|1982|fmt=c}} in{{CURRENTYEAR}}) →$595 ($1,939 in 2025) (Misleading time reference)
N$100 (${{Inflation|US|595|1982|fmt=c}} adjusted for inflation) →$100 ($1,939 adjusted for inflation) (Misleading time reference)
Y$595 ({{Inflation|US|595|1982|fmt=eq}}) →$595 (equivalent to $1,939 in 2024)
Y$595 (equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|595|1982|fmt=c}} in{{Inflation/year|US}}) →$595 (equivalent to $1,939 in 2024)
NJane Doe amassed a fortune of $1 billion in 1975, making her worth ${{Inflation|US|1|1975|fmt=c}} billion in{{Inflation/year|US}}. →Jane Doe amassed a fortune of $1 billion in 1975, making her worth $6 billion in 2024. (CPI is not for personal wealth of the wealthy – use GDP deflator instead)
NJane Doe amassed a fortune of $1 billion in 1975, equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|1|1975|fmt=c}} billion in{{Inflation/year|US}}. →Jane Doe amassed a fortune of $1 billion in 1975, equivalent to $6 billion in 2024. (CPI is not for personal wealth of the wealthy – use GDP deflator instead)
YJane Doe amassed a fortune of $1 billion in 1975, equivalent to ${{Inflation|US-GDP|1|1975|fmt=c}} billion in{{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}. →Jane Doe amassed a fortune of $1 billion in 1975, equivalent to $5 billion in 2024
N{{Inflation}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|index= (parameter 1),|value= (parameter 2) and|start_year= (parameter 3) must be specified.
N{{Inflation|abc}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|value= (parameter 2) and|start_year= (parameter 3) must be specified.
N{{Inflation|AU}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|value= (parameter 2) and|start_year= (parameter 3) must be specified.
N{{Inflation|AU|100}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year= (parameter 3) must be specified.
N{{Inflation|abc|€100|1980}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|index=abc (parameter 1) not a recognized index.
N{{Inflation|DE|€100|1980}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:NaN, check parameters for non-numeric data:|value=€100 (parameter 2).
N{{Inflation|DE|€100|zzzz|zzzz|r=zzzz}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:NaN, check parameters for non-numeric data:|value=€100 (parameter 2),|start_year=zzzz (parameter 3),|end_year=zzzz (parameter 4) and|r=zzzz.
N{{Inflation|AU|100|1200|2026}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=1200 (parameter 3) is lower than the earliest available year (1850) in index "AU" and|end_year=2026 (parameter 4) is greater than the latest available year (2022) in index "AU".
N{{Inflation|AU|100|2005|2004}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2005 (parameter 3) is greater than|end_year=2004 (parameter 4). (see the Limitations section below)
N{{Inflation|AU|100|2005|2026|fmt=eq}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|end_year=2026 (parameter 4) is greater than the latest available year (2022) in index "AU".
N{{Inflation|AU|100|2025|2026|fmt=eq}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|end_year=2026 (parameter 4) is greater than the latest available year (2022) in index "AU".
N{{Inflation|AU|100|2025|1905|fmt=eq}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2025 (parameter 3) is greater than|end_year=1905 (parameter 4).
N{{Inflation|AU|100|2026|fmt=eq}} →Error when using{{Inflation}}:|start_year=2026 (parameter 3) is greater than the latest available year (2022) in index "AU".
Tips & tricks
Currency conversion
Many datasets are currency agnostic, which means they don't convert between different currencies (or for currency redenominations). Thus, if you wanted to know today's equivalent value of 1,000.00Austrian schillings in 1960, entering{{Inflation|AT|1000|1960|r=2}} would provide a result (6550.14) still in schillings, not ineuros.
Consequently, if you need a result in a currency other than the one in which the original value is stated, for now you must do the conversion manually, as in the following example which uses the defined conversion rate of 13.7603 schillings to one Euro:
Instead of manually inputting a conversion for the Euro from a national currency, it is possible to divide by{{FixedEuroRate}} instead; for conversion to USD, use{{International dollars}}.
The template does not accept non-decimal inputs such as£sd; these must be decimalized beforehand. For example, if you wanted to know the value of three shillings and sixpence (3s 6d) Sterling in 1950 in 2018, you must convert to the appropriate decimal value (in this case £0.175) for use in the template:
Y{{Inflation|GBP|0.175|1950|2018}} →6
For £sd specifically{{Pounds, shillings, and pence}} can be used to convert to decimal. For other non-decimal currencies, such as the oldIndian rupee, templates can be made for decimalization upon request.
Y{{Inflation|GBP|{{Pounds, shillings, and pence|s=3|d=6}}|1950|2018|r=0|fmt=eq|cursign=£}} →equivalent to £6 in 2018
Y{{Inflation|UK|{{Pounds, shillings, and pence|s=10|d=6}}|1865|fmt=eq|cursign=£}} →equivalent to £64 in 2023
Rounding
By default the values are calculated to the unit, as for all but very low values cents are undesirable. You can specify rounding with the|r= parameter which determines the number of decimals. To obtain cents use|r=2, but other values can be used, including negative ones:|r=-3, for example, will round to the nearest thousand,|r=-6 to the nearest million, and so on. It is advisable to avoidfalse precision; even if the start value is known to be exact, the template's result will not be because the inflation index tables are rarely accurate to more than about 1%, and a granularity of whole years is used.
Very large results are expressed in scientific notation ("1.2E+14" instead of "120000000000000") which is normally not desirable. A workaround is to express the value to be inflated with fewer digits, adding a multiplier text such as "trillion" after the result, using the "Show preview" button as many times as needed, changing parameters until the best result is found:
The following section provides an automated way of avoiding this trial and error scenario.
Format price
{{Format price}} is a template specifically designed to display price values, both big and small, in a readable way. For example, instead of showing the whole of a huge number such as "953,783,409,856.12", it would show it as "954 billion", while small numbers have their cents part appearing as expected, "1234.5" being properly shown as "1,235".
It's a good practice to provide a valid reference for the prices calculated with this template in articles where it's used. The template{{Inflation/fn}} was developed to ease this task. It accepts as its single parameter the same country codes used here, and will generate one or more appropriate footnotes. Typically, this is how a piece of text using it looks:
In 1985 a unit cost on average $1,040. This is {{Inflation|US|1040|1985|fmt=eq}}.{{Inflation/fn|US}}
Resulting in this converted code (notice the footnote link at the end):
In 1985 a unit cost on average $1,040. This is equivalent to $3,041 in 2024.[47]
The footnote thus generated appears whenever{{reflist}} or<references /> is used in an article, usually in its "References" section. See below for the live example in this document's ownReferences section, or click the above generated footnote to jump to it.
Limitations
Currently it isn't possible to "de-inflate" a value to what it would have been in a previous year. If you need this functionality, please request it at thetalk page. Adding it won't be difficult, but there's no point in doing so before someone actually needs it.
Substitution isn't supported at all. Trying to{{subst:Inflation|...}} would only result in a long sequence of embedded parser code without any direct benefit. If you need to obtain an inflated price only once, please use the specialExpandTemplates page then copy the result and paste it at the desired location.
Developer documentation
An inflation series represents templates in the following categories:
Template:Inflation/index
Template:Inflation/index/dataset
Template:Inflation/index/startyear
Template:Inflation/doc/index (Which is then displayed at Inflation/name/dataset as the documentation, and needs to refer to the original data source)
This template calculates inflation based on several inflation index data sets. Note that this template defaults to calculating the inflation of Consumer Price Index values: staples, workers' rent, small service bills (doctor's costs, train tickets). For inflating capital expenses, government expenses, or the personal wealth and expenditure of the rich, the US-GDP or UK-GDP indexes should be used, which calculate inflation based on the [[gross domestic product]] (GDP) for the [[United States]] and [[United Kingdom]], respectively.
This template prefers inline formatting of parameters.
Parameter
Description
Type
Status
Index
index1
An index code for one of several available inflation indexes. One of AU, AU-road, BD, CA, DE, IN, JP, PH, PK, UK, UK-GDP, US, US-GDP, ZAR, and various others.
Example
US
String
required
Value
value2
Original price or value from which to base the inflation calculation on. Will ignore any commas.
Example
1000
Number
required
Start year
start_year3
Original year from which to base the inflation calculation on. Must be a year available in the chosen inflation index. As an exception to this, if the current year is specified and no 'End year' is specified, the template will output value unchanged, as it can be assumed an inflation of zero.
Example
1975
Number
required
End year
end_year4
Reference year for which to calculate inflation. Must be higher (later) than 'Start year', but not higher than the highest (most recent) year available in the chosen inflation index, and will default to the highest (most recent) available year if omitted.
Example
2015
Number
optional
Number of digits
r
Sets the digits to which the value must be rounded. A negative value indicates rounding to an upper significant digit, and a positive value indicates a fractional digit including trailing zeros. Defaults to 0. When used in mainspace, this should be set to the number of significant figures the source value has.
Default
0
Example
1
Number
required
Format
fmt
"c" will insert thousands separator commas into the calculated value. "eq" will show an equivalent-to phrase, in the format, "equivalent to (cursign)(end_value) in (end_year)". Uses thousands separator commas.
Example
eq
String
optional
Currency sign
cursign
Sets the currency symbol to be shown. Only functions when Format "eq" is used. Can use advanced symbol formats, but can only precede the calculated value. Default is $.
^How recently depends on how the data set for each country is constructed, and on the internal tables being updated accordingly every January. Some data tables provide inflation data up to December 31, 2024, others up to roughly June-July 2024, and others yet up to December 31, 2023.
^1864 to 1912:Jeffrey G. Williamson, 1998.Real Wages and Relative Factor Prices in the Third World 1820-1940: Latin America, Appendix, Nominal Wage, Cost of Living, Real Wage, and Land Price in Argentina, 1864-1940 Harvard Institute of Economic Research Working Papers 1853, Harvard - Institute of Economic Research,1913 to 1993: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,1994 to 2020:Bank for International Settlements,Consumer prices
^Inflated valuesautomatically calculated using the "3101 Road and bridge construction Australia" series provided in Australian Bureau of Statistics (2014)6427.0 – Producer Price Indexes, Australia, Mar 2014: Table 17 Output of the Construction industries, subdivision and class index numbers. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
^1820 to 1911: Guilherme Alexandre Tombolo,O PIB brasileiro nos séculos XIX e XX: duzentos anos de flutuações econômicas – Curitiba, 20131912 to 2007: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998
^1500 to 1850: Ulrich Pfister, 2010. "Consumer prices and wages in Germany, 1500 - 1850," CQE Working Papers 1510, Center for Quantitative Economics (CQE),University of Münster.1851-1882: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998. After1883, German inflation numbers based on data available from theDeutsches Statistisches Bundesamtarchive andGENESIS database.
^1915 to 1993: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 19981994 to 2018:World BankInflation, consumer prices (annual %) - Egypt, Arab Rep.
^1833-1913:South-Eastern European Monetary and Economic Statistics from the Nineteenth Century to World War II, published by: Bank of Greece, Bulgarian National Bank, National Bank of Romania, Oesterreichische Nationalbank, 2014, Athens, Sofia, Bucharest, Vienna. Afterwards, Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998
^1820 to 1919:Williamson J.,Real Wages and Relative Factor Prices in the Third World 1820-1940: Asia. 2000, Appendix 3 Nominal Wage, Cost of Living and Real Wage Data for Indonesia Java 1820-1940, Outer Provinces 1878-1939,1920 to 2007: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998
^1595 to 1872:Bob Allen,Prices and Wages in India, 1595-19301873 to 1919:Williamson J.,Real Wages and Relative Factor Prices in the Third World 1820-1940: Asia. 2000, Appendix 2 Nominal Wage, Cost of Living and Real Wage Data for India 1873-1939 and Land Prices for the Punjab 1871-1939,1920 to 1953: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,1954 to 2023:Historic inflation India – CPI inflation, Inflation.eu, retrieved8 July 2023
^1525 to 1770: Leticia Arroya Abad, Elwyn A. R. Davies, andJan Luiten van Zanden,Prices and wages in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru1771 to 1930: Challú, A., & Gómez-Galvarriato, A. (2015).MEXICO'S REAL WAGES IN THE AGE OF THE GREAT DIVERGENCE, 1730-1930. Revista De Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, 33 (1), 83-122,1931 to 1934:Estadísticas Históricas de México,1935 to 2007: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998.
^1899 to 1938:Williamson J., Real Wages and Relative Factor Prices in the Third World 1820-1940: Asia,Nominal Wage, Cost of Living and Real Wage Data for the Philippines 1899-19401949 to 1958: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998. Afterwards,Consumer Price Index,Inflation Rate and Purchasing Power of the Peso (national averages)
^1672 to 1928: Pimenta, CarlosExplicação da Inflação em Portugal. ISEG. Lisbon:UTL.1929 to 2007: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998
^1820 to 1941:Williamson J.,Real Wages and Relative Factor Prices in the Third World 1820-1940: Asia. 2000, Nominal Wage, Cost of Living and Real Wage Data for Thailand (Siam) 1820-1939,1944 to 1993: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,1994 to 2020:Bank for International Settlements,Consumer prices
^1903 to 1958: Coos Santing, 2007,Inflation 1800-2000, data fromOECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics and Mitchell, B. R.International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993 London :Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, andInternational Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993 London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,1959 to 2021: Statistical Bureau of the Republic of China,Time Series of Consumer Price Indices in Taiwan Area
Y
N