Swaminarayan | |
|---|---|
 Illustration of Swaminarayan writing theShikshapatri | |
| Personal life | |
| Born | Ghanshyam Pande 3 April 1781[1] |
| Died | 1 June 1830(1830-06-01) (aged 49) |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Hinduism |
| Founder of | Swaminarayan Sampradaya |
| Religious career | |
| Guru | Swami Ramanand |
Swaminarayan (IAST:Svāmīnārāyaṇa; 3 April 1781 – 1 June 1830), also known asSahajanand Swami, was ayogi andascetic believed by followers to be a manifestation ofKrishna[2][3][4] or the highestmanifestation ofPurushottama,[5][6] around whom theSwaminarayan Sampradaya developed.
In 1800, he was initiated into theUddhavasampradaya by his guru,Swami Ramanand, and was given the name Sahajanand Swami. Despite opposition, in 1802, Ramanand handed over the leadership of the Uddhava Sampradaya to him before his death.[7] According to the Swaminarayan tradition, Sahajanand Swami became known as Swaminarayan, and the Uddhava Sampradaya became known as the Swaminarayan Sampradaya, after a gathering in which he taught theSwaminarayan Mantra to his followers.
He emphasized "moral, personal, and social betterment,"[8] andahimsa.[9] He is also remembered within the sect for undertaking reforms for women[10] and the poor,[11] and performing large-scale non-violentyajñas (fire sacrifices).[12]
During his lifetime, Swaminarayaninstitutionalized his charisma and beliefs in various ways.[13] He built six mandirs to facilitate devotional worship of God by his followers,[14][15][16] and encouraged the creation of a scriptural tradition,[13][17][18] including theShikshapatri, which he wrote in 1826.[19] In 1826, through a legal document titled theLekh, Swaminarayan created two dioceses, theLaxmi Narayan Dev Gadi (Vadtal Gadi) andNar Narayan Dev Gadi (Ahmedabad Gadi), with a hereditary leadership ofacharyas and their wives from his own extended family,[web 1] who were authorized to install statues of deities in temples and to initiate ascetics.[13]
Swaminarayan was born on 3 April 1781 (Chaitra Sud 9,Samvat 1837) inChhapaiya, a village nearAyodhya, then under theNawab of Oudh, in present-day Indian state ofUttar Pradesh.[1] Born into theBrahmin orpriestly caste of Sarvariya, Swaminarayan was namedGhanshyam Pande by his parents, Hariprasad Pande (father, also known as Dharmadev) and Premvati Pande (mother, also known as Bhaktimata and Murtidevi).[1] The birth of Swaminarayan coincided with the Hindu festival ofRama Navami, celebrating the birth ofRama. The ninth lunar day in the fortnight of thewaxing moon in themonth ofChaitra (March–April), is celebrated as both Rama Navami andSwaminarayan Jayanti by Swaminarayan followers. This celebration also marks the beginning of a ritual calendar for the followers.[20]
Swaminarayan had an elder brother, Rampratap Pande, and a younger brother, Ichcharam Pande.[21] He is said to have mastered thescriptures, including theVedas, theUpanishads, thePuranas, theRamayana, and theMahabharata by the age of seven.[22]
After the death of his parents, Ghanshyam Pande left his home on 29 June 1792 (Ashadh Sud 10, Samvat 1849) at the age of 11.[23] He took the name Nilkanth Varni while on his journey. Nilkanth Varni travelled across India and parts ofNepal in search of anashram, or hermitage, that practiced what he considered a correct understanding ofVedanta,Samkhya,Yoga, andPancaratra.[24] To find such an ashram, Nilkanth Varni asked the following five questions on the basic Vaishnava Vedanta categories:[25]
While on his journey, Nilkanth Varni masteredAstanga yoga (eightfold yoga) in a span of nine months under the guidance of an aged yogic master named Gopal Yogi.[26] In Nepal, it is said that he met KingRana Bahadur Shah and cured him of his stomach illness. As a result, the king freed all the ascetics he had imprisoned.[27] Nilkanth Varni visited theJagannath Temple inPuri as well as temples inBadrinath,Rameswaram,Nashik,Dwarka, andPandharpur.[23]
In 1799, after a seven-year journey, Nilkanth's travels as ayogi eventually concluded in Loj, a village in theJunagadh district of Gujarat. In Loj, Nilkanth Varni metMuktanand Swami, a senior disciple ofRamanand Swami. Muktanand Swami, who was 22 years older than Nilkanth, answered the five questions to Nilkanth's satisfaction.[28] Nilkanth decided to stay for the opportunity to meet Ramanand Swami, whom he met a few months after his arrival in Gujarat.[29] He later claimed in theVachnamrut that during this period, he took up a severe penance to eliminate his mother's flesh and blood from his body so that the sign of his physical attachment to family, was completely removed.[24]
According to the sect, Nilkanth's understanding of themetaphysical andepistemological concepts of thepancha-tattvas (five eternal elements), together with his mental and physical discipline, inspired senior swamis of Ramanand Swami.[30]
Nilkanth Varni receivedsannyasa initiation from Ramanand Swami on 20 October 1800, and with it was granted the namesSahajanand Swami andNarayan Muni to signify his new status.[31]
At the age of 21, Sahajanand Swami was appointed successor to Ramanand Swami as the leader of theUddhava Sampradaya[31] byRamanand Swami, prior to his death. The Uddhava Sampradaya henceforth came to be known as theSwaminarayan Sampradaya.[32] According to sources he proclaimed the worship of one sole deity,Krishna or Narayana.[33] Krishna was considered by him his ownishtadevata. In contrast with theVaishnava sect known as theRadha-vallabhaSampradaya,[34] he had a more puritanical approach, rather than the theological views of Krishna that are strongly capricious in character and imagery. While being a worshipper of Krishna, Swaminarayan rejected licentious elements inKrishnology in favor of worship in the mood of majesty, alike to earlier Vaishnava teachers,Ramanuja andYamunacharya.[35]
According to Swaminarayan-tradition, Sahajanand Swami was later known asSwaminarayan after themantra he taught at a gathering, in Faneni, a fortnight after the death of Ramanand Swami.[36] He gave his followers a new mantra, known as theSwaminarayan mantra, to repeat in their rituals:Swaminarayan.[31] When chanting this mantra, some devotees went intosamadhi,[37][note 1] and claimed that they could see their personal gods.[26][38][39]
As early as 1804, Swaminarayan, who was reported to have performed miracles, was described as a manifestation of God in the first work written by a disciple and paramahamsa,Nishkulanand Swami.[31][40][note 2] This work, theYama Danda, was the first piece of literature written within the Swaminarayan sect.[42] Swaminarayan himself is said to have intimated that he was a manifestation of God in a meeting withReginald Heber, the LordBishop ofCalcutta, in 1825.[43]: 81
Some of Swaminarayan's followers believe he was an incarnation ofKrishna.[41] The images and stories of Swaminarayan and Krishna have coincided in the liturgy of the sect. The story of the birth of Swaminarayan parallels that of Krishna's birth from the scriptureBhagavata Purana.[44] Most of his followers believe that Swaminarayan is the complete manifestation of Narayana orPurushottama Narayana - the Supreme Being and superior to other avatars.[31]
The belief of many followers that their founder was the incarnation of the Supreme God has also drawn criticism.[45] According to Professor Raymond B. Williams, Swaminarayan was criticized because he received large gifts from his followers and dressed and traveled as aMaharaja even though he had taken the vows of renunciation of the world. Swaminarayan responded that he accepts gifts for the emancipation of his followers.[46]
Swaminarayan encouraged his followers to combine devotion anddharma to lead a pious life. Using Hindu texts and rituals to form the base of his organisation, Swaminarayan founded what in later centuries would become a global organisation with strongGujarati roots.[47] He was particularly strict on the separation of sexes in temples.[48] Swaminarayan was against the consumption of meat, alcohol or drugs, adultery, suicide, animal sacrifices, criminal activities and the appeasement of ghosts andtantric rituals.[49][50][51][52] Alcohol consumption was forbidden by him even for medicinal purposes.[53] Many of his followers took vows before becoming his disciple. He stated that four elements need to be conquered for ultimate salvation: dharma,bhakti (devotion),gnana (knowledge) andvairagya (detachment).[4] Doctrinally, Swaminarayan was close to eleventh century philosopherRamanuja and was critical ofAdi Shankara's concept ofAdvaita, or monisticnon-dualism. Swaminarayan'sontology maintained that the supreme being is not formless and that God always has a divine form.[54] Swaminarayan's philosophy asserts that Parabrahman and Aksharabrahman are two distinct eternal realities.[55]
Swaminarayan strived to maintain good relationships with people of other religions, sometimes meeting prominent leaders. His followers cut across religious boundaries, including people ofMuslim andParsi backgrounds.[26][56] Swaminarayan's personal attendants includedKhoja Muslims.[26] InKathiawad, many Muslims worekanthi necklaces given by Swaminarayan.[57] He also had a meeting withReginald Heber, LordBishop ofCalcutta and a leader ofChristians in India at the time.[43] Bishop Heber mentions in his account of the meeting that about two hundred disciples of Swaminarayan accompanied him as his bodyguards mounted on horses and carryingMatchlocks and swords. Bishop Heber himself had about a hundred horse guards accompanying him (fifty horses and fifty muskets) and mentioned that it was humiliating for him to see two religious leaders meeting at the head of two small armies, his being the smaller contingent.[58][59] As a result of the meeting, both leaders gained mutual respect for one another.[59]
Swaminarayan enjoyed a good relationship with the government of the rulingEast India Company. The first temple he built, inAhmedabad, was built on 5,000 acres (20 km2) of land given by the company government. The company officers gave it a 101 gun salute when it was opened.[60][61] It was in an 1825 meeting with Reginald Heber that Swaminarayan is said to have intimated that he was a manifestation of Krishna.[43] In 1830, Swaminarayan had a meeting withSir John Malcolm,Governor of Bombay (1827 to 1830). According to Malcolm, Swaminarayan had helped bring some stability to a region that was considered lawless.[62] During the meeting with Malcolm, Swaminarayan gave him a copy of the Shikshapatri. This copy of the Shikshapatri is currently housed at theBodleian Library atUniversity of Oxford.[63]
Swaminarayan maintained a close relationship with theKathi rulers ofKathiawad, earning him the title "Kathiya Bhagwan" (the god revered by Kathis) due to his adoption of their attire,dialect, and customs.[64][65] The Kathis served as key allies, offering him protection against opposition from local religious figures. Manilal Bhalaja observes that the Kathis left their homes to safeguard Swaminarayan.[66][67][68] Additionally, they provided him with refuge during a period of concealment.[69][70] The Kathis also played a significant role in resolving conflicts during Swaminarayan's temple construction, often facing interference fromprincely states. A notable instance occurred when Voldan Dhadhal, a Kathi chieftain of Refada, intervened to counter opposition from Thakor Wajesinhji, the ruler ofBhavnagar state, ensuring the successful completion ofGopinathji Mandir of Gadhada.[71][72]
Swaminarayan ordered the construction of severalHindu temples and he had built six huge temples by himself and installed the idols of various deities such asRadha Krishna,Nara-Narayana,Laksmi Narayana,Gopinath,Radha Ramana, andMadanamohana. The images in the temples built by Swaminarayan provide evidence of the priority of Krishna.[43]: 81 [73] Disciples of Swaminarayan composed devotional poems which are widely sung by the tradition during festivals.[74][75] Swaminarayan introduced fasting and devotion among followers.[76] He conducted the festivals ofVasant Panchami,Holi, andJanmashtami with organization of the traditional folk danceraas.[26]
Thefirst temple Swaminarayan constructed was inAhmedabad in 1822, with the land for construction given by the Company Government.[77][60] Following a request of devotees fromBhuj, Swaminarayan asked his follower Vaishnavananand to build atemple there. Construction commenced in 1822, and the temple was built within a year.[77] Atemple inVadtal followed in 1824,[77] atemple inDholera in 1826,[77] atemple inJunagadh in 1828[77] and atemple inGadhada, also in 1828.[77] By the time of his death, Swaminarayan had also ordered construction of temples inMuli,Dholka andJetalpur.[61]
From early on, ascetics have played a major role in the Swaminarayan sect. They contribute towards growth and development of the movement, encouraging people to follow a pious and religious life.[78] Tradition maintains that Swaminarayan initiated 500 ascetics asparamahamsas in a single night. Paramahamsa is a title of honour sometimes applied to Hindu spiritual teachers who are regarded as having attained enlightenment. Paramahamsas were the highest order ofsannyasi in the sect.[79] Prominent paramahamsas includedMuktanand Swami,Gopalanand Swami,Brahmanand Swami,Gunatitanand Swami,Premanand Swami,Nishkulanand Swami, andNityanand Swami.[80]
Prior to his death, Swaminarayan decided to establish a line ofacharyas or preceptors, as his successors.[81] He established twogadis (seats of leadership). One seat was established at Ahmedabad (Nar Narayan Dev Gadi) and the other one at Vadtal (Laxmi Narayan Dev Gadi) on 21 November 1825. Swaminarayan appointed an acharya to each of thesegadis to pass on his message to others and to preserve his fellowship, the Swaminarayan Sampradaya. These acharyas came from his immediate family after sending representatives to search them out inUttar Pradesh.[82] He formally adopted a son each from his two brothers and appointed them to the office of acharya.Ayodhyaprasad, the son of Swaminarayan's elder brother Rampratap, andRaghuvira, the son of his younger brother Ichcharam, were appointedacharyas of theAhmedabad Gadi and theVadtal (Kheda district) Gadi respectively.[83] Swaminarayan decreed that the office should be hereditary so thatacharyas would maintain a direct line of blood descent from his family.[84] The administrative division of his followers into two territorial dioceses is set forth in minute detail in a document written by Swaminarayan calledDesh Vibhag Lekh.[25] Swaminarayan stated to all the devotees and saints to obey both the Acharyas andGopalanand Swami who was considered as the main pillar and chief ascetic[85] for the sampradaya.[86]
The current acharya of the Ahmedabad Gadi isKoshalendraprasad Pande and Ajendraprasad Pande, of the Vadtal Gadi.[87][88][89]
In 1830, Swaminarayan gathered his followers and announced his departure. He later died on 1 June 1830 (Jeth sud 10, Samvat 1886),[61] and it is believed by followers that, at the time of his death, Swaminarayan left Earth forAkshardham, his abode.[26][90] He was cremated according to Hindu rites at Lakshmi Wadi inGadhada.[91]
Swaminarayan insisted that education was the inherent right of all people, including women, despite considerable criticism from those in his own contemporary society who "loathed the uplift of lowercaste women".[92] At that time, influential and wealthy individuals educated their girls through private and personal tuition. Male followers of Swaminarayan made arrangements to educate their female family members. The literacy rate among females began to increase during Swaminarayan's time, and they were able to give discourses on spiritual subjects.[93] Members of the sect consider Swaminarayan a pioneer of education of females in India.[94][95][96][97][98]
According to the author Raymond Brady Williams, "Swaminarayan is an early representative of the practice of advocacy of women's rights without personal involvement with women".[99] To counter the practice ofsati (self-immolation by a widow on her husband's funeral pyre), Swaminarayan argued that, as human life was given by God, it could be taken only by God, and thatsati had no Vedic sanction. He went to the extent to callsati nothing but suicide. Swaminarayan offered parents help withdowry expenses to discourage female infanticide, calling infanticide a sin.[94][95] For calling a halt to these prevailing practices, Swaminarayan's "contemporaries naturally saw in him a pioneer of a reformed and purified Hinduism, and Swaminarayan Hinduism an 'ingrazi dharma' or British religion."[93]
Professor David Harman observed that Swaminarayan "criticized the popularshakta cults and 'gosai' and 'nath' ascetics for the contemptuous and instrumental way in which they viewed and treated women. These cults were often responsible for gross sexual abuse of women."[100] Hardiman added that Swaminarayan's view towards women was not in line with this type of misogyny and was rooted in his desire to prevent ill-treatment of women along with promoting celibacy for ascetics.[100] Swaminarayan "forbade all sadhus and sadhvis (that is, male and female ascetics) of his sect from having any contact whatsoever with members of the opposite sex."[100] This strict precept was one he likely internalized "after travelling as an ascetic throughout India [when] he was reported to vomit if approached by even the shadow of a woman".[101] To help his male ascetic followers maintain their vow of celibacy, Swaminarayan taught “the woman who attracts attention is made up of bones, blood vessels, spittle, blood, mucus and feces; she is simply a collection of these things, and there is nothing to be attractive.[100][102]
Members of the faith are defensive of the fact that some practices seem to restrict women and make gender equality in leadership impossible.[103] They are only permitted to enter special sections of the temple reserved for women or have to go to separate women's temples.[100] As with practices ofniddah in Orthodox Judaism, concepts of pollution associated with themenstrual cycle lead to the exclusion of women from the temples and daily worship during the affected time.[104] Swaminarayan also directed male devotees not to listen to religious discourses given by women.[96]
In the case of widows, Swaminarayan directed those who could not follow the path of chastity to remarry. For those who could, he lay down strict rules which included them being under the control of male members of the family. This may seem regressive, however, it gave them "a respected and secure place in the social order" of the time.[105] Swaminarayan restricted widows "to live always under the control of male members of their family and prohibited them from receiving instruction in any science from any man excepting their nearest relations."[96]
After assuming the leadership of the sampradaya, Swaminarayan worked to assist the poor by distributing food and drinking water.[106] He undertook several social service projects and opened almshouses for the poor. Swaminarayan organized food and water relief to people during times of drought.[107]
Some suggest that Swaminarayan worked towards ending thecaste system, allowing everyone into the Swaminarayan Sampradaya. However partaking in the consumption food of lower castes and caste pollution was not supported by him.[53] A political officer in Gujarat,Mr. Williamson reported to Bishop Herber that Swaminarayan had "destroyed the yoke of caste."[99] He instructed his paramahamsas to collect alms from all sections of society and appointed people from the lower strata of society as his personal attendants. Members of the lower castes were attracted to the movement as it improved their social status.[49][96] Swaminarayan would eat along with the lower Rajput and Khati castes but not any lower.[108] He allowed dalits and lower caste people to visit places of worship .[109] However,Dalits - those outside of the caste system - were formally excluded from Swaminarayan temples.[110] Members of a lower caste are prohibited from wearing a full sect mark (tilak chandlo) on their forehead.[111] Even now, however, for the vast majority of Gujarat's lower-caste, Untouchable and tribal population, the sect is out of bounds.[112]
Reginald Heber, the Lord Bishop of Calcutta, noted that disciples of Swaminarayan cut across all castes, and even included Muslims. He writes "they all pray to one God with no difference of castes. They live as if they were brothers."[113] Furthermore, in a meeting with Swaminarayan, he noted that "[Swaminarayan] did not regard the subject as of much importance, but that he wished not to give offense (to ancient Hindu system); that people might eat separately or together in this world, but that above "oopur" pointing to heaven, those distinctions would cease."[113] Swaminarayan worked thus to dispel the myth thatmoksha (salvation) was not attainable by everyone.[114] He taught that the soul is neither male nor female, nor yoked to any specific caste.[49][115]
Swaminarayan was against animal sacrifices.[116] To solve this problem, Swaminarayan conducted several large-scale yajnas involving priests fromVaranasi. Swaminarayan was successful in reinstatingahimsa through several such large-scale yajnas. Swaminarayan stressedlacto vegetarianism among his followers and forbade meat consumption, codifying the conduct in theShikshapatri.[53][96][117][118]
Swaminarayan propagated general Hindu texts.[47] He held theBhagavata Purana in high authority.[119] However, there are many texts that were written by Swaminarayan or his followers that are regarded asshastras or scriptures within the Swaminarayan sect. Notable scriptures throughout the sect include theShikshapatri and theVachanamrut. Other important works and scriptures include theSatsangi Jeevan, Swaminarayan's authorized biography, theMuktanand Kavya, theNishkulanand Kavya and theBhakta Chintamani.[120]
Swaminarayan wrote theShikshapatri on 11 February 1826.[121] While the originalSanskrit manuscript is not available, it was translated intoGujarati byNityanand Swami under the direction of Swaminarayan and is revered in the sect.[53][122] The Gazetteer of theBombay Presidency summarised it as a book of social laws that his followers should follow.[123] A commentary on the practice and understanding ofdharma, it is a small booklet containing 212 Sanskrit verses, outlining the basic tenets that Swaminarayan believed his followers should uphold in order to live a well-disciplined and moral life.[120] The oldest copy of this text is preserved at theBodleian Library ofOxford University and it is one of the very few presented by Sahajanand Swami himself.Acharya Tejendraprasad of Ahmedabad has indicated in a letter that he is not aware of any copy from the hand of Sahajanand older than this text.[122] Swaminarayan in various places of Shikshapatri describes Krishna as the greatest entity.[124][125]
The Vachanamrut (IAST:Vacanāmṛta, lit. "immortalising ambrosia in the form of words") is a sacred Hindu text consisting of 273 religious discourses delivered by Swaminarayan from 1819 to 1829 CE and is considered the principal theological text within theSwaminarayan Sampradaya.[126]: 6 Compiled by four of his senior disciples, Swaminarayan edited and approved the scripture. As followers believe Swaminarayan to be Parabrahman, or God, the Vachanamrut is considered a direct revelation from God and thus the most precise interpretation of theUpanishads,Bhagavad Gita, and other important Hindu scriptures.[126]: 13–14, 45 [127]: 173 This scripture is read by followers regularly and discourses are conducted daily in Swaminarayan temples around the world.[128]: 21–27
Satsangi Jeevan is the authorised biography of Swaminarayan.[126] The book contains information on the life and teachings of Swaminarayan.[129] It is written by Shatanand Swami and completed in Vikram Samvat 1885.[126] Swaminarayan decided to make Gadhada his permanent residence on the insistence of Dada Khachar and his sisters.[130] Swaminarayan instructed Shatanand Swami to write a book on his life and pastimes.[127]
To enable Shatanand Swami to write from His childhood, Swaminarayan had blessed Shatanand Swami with Sanjay Drishti - special power to see the entire past right from His childhood.[127]
Once written by Shatanand Swami, this book was verified and authenticated by Swaminarayan. He was much pleased to read the book. Swaminarayan then asked his disciples to do Katha of Satsangi Jeevan.[127]
Decades after his death, several divisions occurred with different understandings of succession. This included the establishment ofBochasanwasi Shri Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha (BAPS), the founder of which left the Vadtal Gadi in 1905, andManinagar Swaminarayan Gadi Sansthan, the founder of which left the Ahmedabad Gadi in the 1940s. The followers of BAPS holdGunatitanand Swami as the spiritual successor to Swaminarayan, asserting that on several occasions Swaminarayan revealed to devotees that Gunatitanand Swami wasAksharbrahm manifest. Followers of BAPS believe that the acharyas were given administrative leadership of the sect while Gunatitanand Swami was given spiritual leadership by Swaminarayan.[131] The current spiritual and administrative leader of BAPS isMahant Swami Maharaj. The followers of the Maninagar Swaminarayan Gadi Sansthan holdGopalanand Swami as the successor to Swaminarayan.[132][133] The current leader of this sect is Purushottampriyadasji Maharaj.[134]
According to the biographer Raymond Williams, when Swaminarayan died, he had a following of 1.8 million people. In 2001, Swaminarayan centres existed on four continents, and the congregation was recorded to be five million, the majority in the homeland of Gujarat.[135][136][137] The newspaperIndian Express estimated members of the Swaminarayan sect of Hinduism to number over 20 million (2 crore) worldwide in 2007.[138]
The manifestation belief and Swaminarayan's teachings were criticized by Hindu reformist leaderDayananda Saraswati (1824–1883). He questioned the acceptance of Swaminarayan as the Supreme Being and was disapproving towards the idea that visions of Swaminarayan could form a path to attaining perfection. Accused of deviating from theVedas, his followers were criticised for the illegal collection of wealth and the "practice of frauds and tricks."[139] In the views of Dayananda, published as early as 1875, it was a "historical fact" that Swaminarayan decorated himself as Narayana in order to gain followers.[140]
In 1918,Mahatma Gandhi in the letter to his nephew, expressed that Swaminarayan's values didn't align perfectly with his interpretation ofVaishnavism and the love taught by Swaminarayana was all about sentimentalism. According to Gandhi, Swaminarayan had not grasped the essence of non-violence.[40][109] In 1924, Gandhi applauded efforts of Swaminaryan and added that "what was accomplished in Gujarat by one person, Sahajanand [Swaminarayan], could not be accomplished by the power of the State".[141]
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)શ્રીજી મહારાજ કાઠી દરબારો સાથે એટલા બધા ઓતપ્રોત થઈ ગયા હતા કે આમજનતા તો તેમને કાઠિયા ભગવાન તરીકે પણ ઓળખવા માંડી હતી, કારણકે શ્રીજી મહારાજે કાઠી દરબારો સાથે આત્મીયજન કે સગાસ્નેહી જેવો જ નાતો, ગઢડા, સાળીંગપુર, લોયા, કારીયાણી વગેરે ગામોમાં જાળવ્યો હતો અને દરબારોના ખૂબ માનપાન અને તેઓની રહેણીકરણી ને સમજી શ્રીજી મહારાજ સબંધ જાળવતા. એટલુંજ નહી શ્રીજી મહારાજ કાઠી દરબારો જેવા વસ્ત્રો પહેરતા, ઘોડા ઉપર બેસતા અને ઘોડા ખેલવતા, અરે એટલું જ નહીં કાઠીઓની ભાષાના શબ્દો વાપરતા અને કાઠી ભોજનનો અવારનવાર સ્વાદ ચાખી દરબારોને બિરદાવતા અને તેમના નીતિ નિયમો, પોશાક અને બોલીને વખાણતા અને દરબારો સાથે ચોપાટ ખેલતા હતા.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)શ્રીજી મહારાજ ઉત્તરપ્રદેશના અને સરવરિયા બ્રાહ્મણ વળી પાછા કાઠિયાવાડમાં આવતા વેંત માત્ર ૨૦ વર્ષની નાની વયે ઉચ્ચ પદ પ્રાપ્ત કરી લેતા કાઠિયાવાડ, ગુજરાતના સાધુઓ, બ્રાહ્મણો અને આર્યસમાજીઓ નારાજ હતા તેથી તેઓ જયારે પણ તક મળે ત્યારે શ્રીજી મહારાજનો વિરોધ કરવાની તક ચૂકતા નહીં, આવા કેટલાક પ્રસંગો આપણને પ્રાપ્ત થાય છે તેવા સમયે શ્રીજી મહારાજનું રક્ષણ કરનાર શિસ્તબદ્ધ કાઠી દરબારો જ તેમના વફાદાર સૈનિક તરીકેનું કાર્ય કરતા હતા. સહજાનંદ સ્વામીના મણિલાલ ભાલજા લખે છે કાઠી દરબારો પોતાના ઘરબાર છોડી શ્રીજી મહારાજ સાથે જ તેમનું અંગરક્ષણ કરવા ફરતા રહેતા હતા.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)એક સમયે શ્રીજી મહારાજને કોઈપણ કારણોસર છાના છૂપા રહેવાની જરૂરત હતી એવા સમયે બ્રિટીશરો અને દેશી રજવાડાની ખફગી વહોરી તેમને આશ્રય આપતા બધા ડરે ત્યારે બોટાદના દાહા ખાચરે કોઈપણ સત્તાની શેહશરમ કે ડર રાખ્યા વિના શ્રીજી મહારાજને પોતાના દરબારગઢમાં અજ્ઞાત વેશે દરબારગઢમાં રાખવા તૈયાર થઈ ગયા અને સફળતાપૂર્વક રાખ્યા પણ ખરા. શ્રીજી મહારાજ મોટા ઝિંઝાવદરમાં અલૈયા ખાચરના દરબારગઢમાં પણ અજ્ઞાતવાસમાં રહ્યા હતા.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)જયારે ગઢડામાં મંદિર બંધાતુ હતુ અને શ્રીજી મહારાજનો વસવાટ ગઢડામાં હતો તે વખતે ગઢડા ભાવનગર રાજય નીચે આવતુ હોવાથી ભાવનગર રાજયની અમુક પ્રકારની રૂકાવટ રહેતી હતી, તે સમયે રેફડા ગામના વોળદાન ઘાધલે (રેફડિયા) ભાવનગર દરબાર વજેસિંહજીને કડક અને ગુઢ શબ્દોમાં કહી દીધુ કે જો સ્વામિનારાયણને કનડગત કરશો તો ભાવનગર રાજયને ઉજજડ કરી નાંખીશ. આ સમયે વોળદાને બરવાળાના ફાટેલ વાણિયા ઘેલાશાને બાન પકડેલ કે જે ઘેલાશાથી રજવાડાઓ પણ ફફડી ઉઠતા. તેથી વોળદાનની આ ધમકીની સારી એવી અસર થઈ હતી અને મંદિરનું કામ ફટાફટ ઉકલી ગયુ.
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