| Stenosis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Stenoses |
 | |
| CT scan of abronchial stenosis (arrow) that resulted fromtracheobronchial injury | |
| Pronunciation | |
Stenosis (from Ancient Greek στενός (stenós) 'narrow') is the abnormal narrowing of ablood vessel or other tubularorgan or structure such as foramina and canals. It is also sometimes called astricture (as inurethral stricture).[3]
Stricture as a term is usually used when narrowing is caused by contraction ofsmooth muscle (e.g.achalasia,prinzmetal angina);stenosis is usually used when narrowing is caused by lesion that reduces the space oflumen (e.g.atherosclerosis).[4] The termcoarctation is another synonym,[5] but is commonly used only in the context ofaortic coarctation.[6][7]
Restenosis is the recurrence of stenosis after a procedure.[8]
Examples of vascular stenotic lesions include:
The types of stenoses inheart valves are:
Stenoses/strictures of other bodily structures/organs include:
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Stenoses of thevascular type are often associated withunusual blood sounds resulting from turbulent flow over the narrowed blood vessel. This sound can be made audible by astethoscope, but diagnosis is generally made or confirmed with some form ofmedical imaging (such asultrasound).[10]
