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Asplit platform,stacked platform, orseparate platform is astation that has aplatform for each track, split onto two or more levels. This configuration allows a narrower station plan (or footprint) horizontally, at the expense of a deeper (or higher) vertical elevation, because sets of tracks and platforms are stacked above each other. Where two rail lines cross or run parallel for a time, split platforms are sometimes used in a hybrid arrangement that allows for convenientcross-platform interchange between trains running in the same general direction.
On the London Underground, to minimise the risk ofsubsidence, the tunnel alignments largely followed the roads on the surface and avoided passing under buildings.[note 1] If a road was too narrow to allow the construction of side-by-side tunnels, they would be aligned one above the other, so that a number of stations have platforms at different levels.[1] It is also sometimes used if the line branches from the station, so diverting tunnels or tracks do not intersect each other.
Examples of split platform layout in the United States areRosslyn on theWashington Metro'sBlue,Silver andOrange Lines;Pentagon on theWashington Metro'sBlue andYellow Lines; andHarvard andPorter stations on the Boston-CambridgeMBTARed Line. Split platforms are also atdowntownOakland,California onBART's12th and19th Street stations, as well as inLos Angeles Metro Rail'sWilshire/Vermont station. MARTA'sAshby station uses the configuration to separate the eastbound and westbound platforms.
In theNew York City Subway,Nostrand Avenue,Kingston Avenue andUtica Avenue stations on theIRT Eastern Parkway Line have two tracks on each level, with each of the two levels serving trains in one direction. Further north on the Eastern Parkway line,Borough Hall also has split platforms. Also, stations on theIND Eighth Avenue Line have split stacked platforms between59th Street – Columbus Circle andCathedral Parkway – 110th Street due to the proximity of the line toCentral Park. In other stations likeFulton Street, Borough Hall, andFifth Avenue / 53rd Street, platforms are stacked due to the narrowness of the street directly above the station. One notable station,Wilson Avenue on theBMT Canarsie Line, has one elevated platform and one at-grade platform, due to the narrowness of the line'sright-of-way.
In Canada, split platforms on theMontreal Metro are located atDe L'Église andCharlevoix, whileSnowdon andLionel-Groulx have a hybrid layout where the two directions on each line are split from each other but sharing an island platform with the other line. They are also found onVancouver'sSkyTrain, at the stations in theDunsmuir Tunnel and at theKing Edward station on the Canada Line.
TheLondon Underground uses split platform layouts on the deep tube lines, namely theBakerloo,Central,Jubilee,Northern andPiccadilly lines.[2][note 2]
Sant'Agostino station online M2 of theMilan Metro uses the layout, as do all stations betweenCrocetta andTurati online M3.
OnMunich Marienplatz Station theMunich S-Bahn (suburban trains) are on two separate levels, where westbound trains depart from the lower level, eastbound trains from the upper level. Below the westbound level there is an interchange to the metro lines U3 and U6 in North-South direction.
In Nuremberg metro network, the stationPlärrer has two platforms for cross-platform interchange between lines U1 and U2/U3. The upper platform is used for westbound/outbound services, while the lower one is designated for eastbound/inbound trains.
In Hanover light-metro network,Kröpcke has three levels, one for blue lines (3, 7 and 9); SW to NE, one for red lines (1, 2 and 8); NW to SE and one for yellow lines (4, 5, 6 and 11). The red lines level and the yellow lines level are situated directly below each other. An interchange between red and yellow lines is possible atAegidientorplatz where the underground platforms are situated the same way like Plärrer. Eastbound/outbound trains use the lower platform, westbound/inbound trains use the upper one.
OnBerlin U-Bahn line U9, theSchloßstraße station has two level platforms, with southbound trains departing from the lower level and northbound trains from the upper level. The station has two island platforms, one above the other, but the western part is closed off by a wall and is not in use, as it was originally designed to accommodate a transfer to the unbuiltU10 line.
OnVienna U-Bahn line U3, the stationsNeubaugasse,Zieglergasse,Herrengasse,Stephansplatz andStubentor have two levels of platforms. Trains towardsOttakring (westbound) use the lower platform, trains towardsSimmering the upper one. In Stephansplatz the line U1 crosses below these platforms.
OnPrague MetroLine B stationRajská zahrada have two levels. Trains towardsČerný Most use first level (lower), trains towardsZličín use second level (upper).
On theBrussels metro network, a similar arrangement can be found at stationsMerode andWeststation (on lines 2 and 6).
In Asia,Jingan,Yongan Market,Taipei Bridge,Zhonghe,Qiaohe,Zhongyuan, andFuzhong on theTaipei Metro have split stacked platforms,Dadong onKaohsiung Metro'sOrange line,Central,Wan Chai,Causeway Bay,Tin Hau,Sai Wan Ho onMTR'sIsland line,Tsing Yi onMTR'sAirport Express andTung Chung line,To Kwa Wan onMTR'sTuen Ma line, andNanpu Bridge station on line 4 of Shanghai Metro all have split platforms.
InJapan, examples of split platforms includeSekime-Seiiku Station on theImazatosuji Line in Osaka,Misasagi Station on theKyoto Municipal Subway and theKeihan Keishin Line,Ginza-itchōme Station on theTokyo Metro Yūrakuchō Line,Machiya Station on theTokyo Metro Chiyoda Line, andKenchōmae Station andSannomiya Station on theKobe Municipal Subway. WhenMakuharitoyosuna Station opened on theKeiyo Line on 18 March 2023, it became the newest split platform in the country.[6]
In Southeast Asia, examples of split stacked platforms includeBukit Bintang on theKajang line,Persiaran KLCC andAmpang Park on thePutrajaya Line,Sam Yot,Wat Mangkon,Sam Yan,Si Lom, andLumphini Station on theBlue Line (Bangkok),Kampung Bandan on theKRL Commuterline,Promenade andStevens station on Singapore'sDowntown MRT line, andNapier,Maxwell,Shenton Way,Marina Bay,Katong Park, andTanjong Katong stations on Singapore'sThomson-East Coast MRT line. The Jurong Region MRT line is set to feature one such station:Jurong East.
In Melbourne, all threeCity Loop stations,Parliament,Melbourne Central andFlagstaff have bi-level platforms with an island platform at each level.
In Sydney,Town Hall station is bi-level with platforms at each level; whileWynyard,Martin Place andWolli Creek station have bi-level platforms that aren't directly on top of each other. Additionally the surface levelRedfern has underground platforms as part of theEastern Suburbs line, whileEpping has underground platforms as part of theSydney MetroNorth West & Bankstown Line.Central has underground platforms for both theEastern Suburbs line and theNorth West & Bankstown Line.