| Sobekhotep III | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Sobekhotep III worshippingSatet (left) andAnuket (right). The central hole was made when the relief was used as a grinding stone, long after the original carving. Now on display at theBrooklyn Museum. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pharaoh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 4 years, 2 months, x days[1] c. 1740 BC or 1700 BC Second Intermediate Period Middle Bronze Age | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Seth Meribre | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Neferhotep I | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Consort | Senebhenas,Neni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Children | Iuhetibu Fendy ♀, Dedetanqet ♀ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Father | Mentuhotep | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mother | Iuhetibu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dynasty | 13th Dynasty | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sekhemre Sewadjtawy Sobekhotep III was anEgyptian king of the midThirteenth Dynasty of Egypt who reigned three to four years.
The family of the king is known from several sources. A monument fromSehel Island shows Sobekhotep with his fatherMentuhotep, his mother was king's motherIuhetibu (Yauheyebu), his brothersSeneb andKhakau, and a half-sister calledReniseneb. Reniseneb was a daughter of Iuhetibu and her second husband Dedusobek.[3]
Sobekhotep III had two wives,Senebhenas andNeni. A stela fromKoptos (Qift),[4] now in theLouvre (C 8), mentions the daughters of Neni:Iuhetibu Fendy and Dedetanqet. Iuhetibu Fendy wrote her name in acartouche.[3] This is the second time in Egyptian history that a king's daughter received this honor.
Senebhenas is shown with Sobekhotep on an altar inSehel Island and a stela in Wadi el-Hol.[4] The stela depicts Sobekhotep III before the godMonthu. He receives anankh and awas-scepter from the god. Sobekhotep is followed by his father Montuhotep, his mother Iuhetibu, and his wife Senebhenas.[3]
A number ofscarab seals have been found that were from anofficier of the ruler's table Sobekhotep begotten of theofficier of the ruler's table Mentuhotep.[5] It is possible that these seals belonged to Sobekhotep III before he became king.
Sobekhotep III is known from many objects[6][7] despite the fact that the Turin King List gives him a reign of only four years[8] and two to four months in length. He added inscriptions to the temple ofMenthu atMadamud[9] and built a chapel atEl Kab.[10] OnSehel[11] an altar with his name was found.
Sobekhotep III was the first of a group of Thirteenth Dynasty kings about whom there exists historical records. This group of Thirteenth Dynasty kings are all known from many objects. These kings produced many seals and there are many private monuments that can be dated to these reigns. This would seem to indicate that Egypt was relatively stable during this period.
The main attestations of Sobekhotep III are found in Upper Egypt. Only small finds (tradables) are attested in Lower Egypt and Nubia. For a full list, see Ryholt 1997:343-44 File 13/26 Sobekhotep III is also indirectly attested by monuments owned by people associated with him.
At the fortress of Mirgissa (Nubia), a scarab-impression with the royal name of Sobekhotep III and the King's Mother Iuhetibu.[17] Also a seal-impression with the name Sekhemre Sewadjtawy, a seal with two impressions.[18]
TheKarnak King List does not mention Sobekhotep III in its preserved cartouches.
TheTurin King List 7:24 contains the entry: "The Dual King Sekhem[ka]re Wadjtawy Sobekhotep,4 years, 2 months x days"(nsw-bit sḫm-kꜢ-rꜤ wꜢḏ-tꜢ.wy sbk-ḥtp rnpt 4 Ꜣbd 2 hrw x).[19] In the list, Sekhemre Wadjtawy Sobekhotep is preceded by [Mer]ib[ra] ...Seth (7:23) and succeeded byKhasekhemre Neferhotep, son ofHaankhef (7:25).
| Preceded by | Pharaoh of Egypt Thirteenth Dynasty | Succeeded by |
