An open house at Sidewalk Labs' Toronto office, called "307"
In April 2016,The Information reported that Sidewalk intended to create a new city in the United States to test design ideas prior to real world implementation.[8] Sidewalk did not confirm that report, but has said it had engaged in thought experiments about what it could be like to develop a community "from the internet up."[9]
In October 2017, Sidewalk Labs announced plans to developQuayside, a 12-acre (4.9 ha) neighborhood inToronto,Ontario, Canada, in response to a competition organized byWaterfront Toronto. Branded as Sidewalk Toronto, the project aimed to become "a testbed for emerging technologies, materials and processes" to address issues such as sustainability, accessibility, inclusiveness and prosperity in urban communities.[10][11] The initiative was also envisioned to be scaled up across Toronto'sPort Lands, an 800-acre (320 ha) area that is one of the largest areas of underdeveloped urban land in North America.[12] The project progressed slowly with ongoing consultation from the public.[13]
In 2018, the company opened a new Toronto office and began holding weekend open houses in which visitors from the public contributed their ideas to the development of the Sidewalk Toronto project.[13] In 2019, Sidewalk Labs said it had consulted thousands of Torontonians for its development plans. However, representatives of Waterfront Toronto's Digital Strategy Advisory Panel (DSAP) said that Sidewalk Labs's projects contained too much "tech for tech's sake."[14][15]
In May 2020, the project was abandoned. Sidewalk Labs officially cited the economic uncertainty posed by theCOVID-19 pandemic as the reason.[16][17] However, the project had faced significant challenges pre-dating the pandemic, including privacy and data governance concerns.[18]
Sidewalk Labs offered advisory services for real estate developers to use technology to meet environmental, affordability, and equity goals. Sidewalk Labs advised on the following four projects:[19][20]
Mana Wynwood — a 23.5–acre project inMiami that will serve as a trade center betweenLatin America andChina and an arts and entertainment center
DowntownSummerlin — a 300–acre mixed-use development with minimalized parking inLas Vegas
The Power Station — a 29–acre mixed-use residential community on the waterfront inSan Francisco at the site of a former electrical plant
Vancouver Innovation Center — conversion of a 180–acre industrial manufacturing site into a mixed-use residential and commercial community in thePortland/Vancouver area
In early 2016, Sidewalk Labs began working with ten cities which participated in theU.S. Department of Transportation's "Smart Cities Challenge" to help cities better understand daily street activity through the use of real-time data. The Challenge attracted dozens of medium-sized cities across the US to compete for $40 million in federal funding[21] along with an additional $10 million from thePaul G. Allen Family Foundation[22] to assess road data gathered from smartphones to analyze congestion and other traffic conditions, and develop a transportation coordination platform to improve the efficiency of road, parking, and transit use.[3][23] The winner,Columbus, Ohio, was announced in June 2016.[24][25]
Mesa, launched in September 2020, is a tool to help commercial buildings use energy more efficiently.[26]
Delve, launched in October 2020, is a tool to help developers, architects and urban designers discover optimal design choices for neighborhood projects.[27]
Pebble, launched in May 2021, is a tool to help manage parking in cities.[28]
Sidewalk Labs invested in and incubated companies which developed tools that could support Sidewalk Labs initiatives and scale to cities around the world.[29]
In June 2015, Sidewalk Labs led a group of investors in the acquisition ofControl Group andTitan forming a new company called Intersection.[30] Intersection works in cities and public spaces to offer internet connectivity, information, and content.[31]
Cityblock Health was spun-out of Sidewalk Labs in 2017. Its goal is to improve health care for low-income people with difficult medical needs. It employs over 500 people and haspatients in three US states and Washington, DC.[32][33]
In 2018, Sidewalk Labs introduced a spin-off Coord, a company focused on providingRESTful APIs for accessing information like routing, bike share details, toll information, and curbside details.[34][35] In October 2018, Coord raised an additional $5 million to continue building products.[36]
Replica is an AI-powered data platform which helps cities make operational or infrastructural changes in response to changes in population behaviors.[37] It began as a project at Sidewalk Labs in 2017 and was spun out as an independent company in 2019.[38]
Sidewalk Infrastructure Partners (SIP) was spun-off from Sidewalk Labs in 2019 to develop technologies that modernize infrastructure such as recycling, waste disposal and transportation in communities throughout the United States.[39][40]
The Neighborhood Investment Company (Nico) allows local residents to make small, long-term real estate investments in their own neighborhoods. Sidewalk Labs invested in Nico at the end of 2019.[42]
Sidewalk Labs created a book detailing their broad ranging vision to transform cities that would inspire employees known asThe Yellow Book. It contained aspirational designs of a futurist city run on its technology.[44] In the book, the company proposed expanding its scope to include the power to levytaxes, controlpublic services such as schools, roads, and public transportation, collect data on the current and past locations of all members of the community, and to help redesign the local criminal justice system. The book also described a social credit system to reward "good behavior", a system which has been compared by some tothe one used in China. Sidewalk's proposed system also included rewards for sharing personal data.[45]
The book also included the potential real estate profitability of such investments, containing theoretical proposals for communities inDetroit,Denver, andAlameda, California. The company has described this book as a "wide-ranging brainstorming process", and stated that most of its ideas were never considered for the Toronto project with many being very fantastical in nature and others being reminiscent of theNetflix seriesBlack Mirror.[45]
