Theshingle style is an Americanarchitectural style made popular by the rise of the New England school of architecture, which eschewed the highly ornamented patterns of theEastlake style inQueen Anne architecture. In theshingle style, English influence was combined with the renewed interest inColonial American architecture which followed the 1876 celebration of the Centennial. The plain, shingled surfaces of colonial buildings were adopted, and their massing emulated.
Aside from being a style of design, the style also conveyed a sense of the house as continuous volume. This effect—of the building as an envelope of space, rather than a great mass, was enhanced by the visual tautness of the flat shingled surfaces, the horizontal shape of many shingle style houses, and the emphasis on horizontal continuity, both in exterior details and in the flow of spaces within the houses.
McKim, Mead and White andPeabody and Stearns were two of the notable firms of the era that helped to popularize the shingle style, through their large-scale commissions for "seaside cottages" of the rich and the well-to-do in such places as Newport, Rhode Island and the village ofEast Hampton on the southeastern tip of Long Island.[1] Perhaps the most famous shingle style house built in America was "Kragsyde" (1882) the summer home commissioned by Bostonian G. Nixon Black, from Peabody and Stearns. Kragsyde was built atop the rocky coastal shore nearManchester-by-the-Sea, Massachusetts, and embodied every possible tenet of the shingle style. TheWilliam G. Low House, designed byMcKim, Mead & White and built in 1887, is another notable example.
Many of the concepts of the Shingle style were adopted byGustav Stickley, and adapted to the American version of theArts and Crafts Movement. Additionally, there are several other notable styles of Victorian architecture, includingItalianate,Second Empire, Folk andGothic revival.
Some concentrations of shingle style architecture are listed in theU.S. National Register of Historic Places. Significant listed historic districts include:[2]
The style was named, together with theStick Style, by Yale University architectural historianVincent Scully in his 1949 doctoral dissertationThe Cottage Style. This was followed by several magazine articles on the subject, culminating in Scully'sThe Shingle Style with the Stick Style in 1971 andThe Shingle Style Today in 1974.[3]
Architects of the shingle style emulated colonial houses' plain, shingled surfaces as well as their massing, whether in the single exaggeratedgable of McKim Mead and White'sLow House or in the complex massing ofKragsyde. This impression of the passage of time is enhanced by the use of shingles. Some architects, in order to attain a weathered look on a new building, had thecedarshakes dipped in buttermilk, dried and then installed, to leave a grayish tinge to the façade.
Shingle style houses often use agambrel orhip roof. Such houses thus emanate a more pronounced mass and a greater emphasis on horizontality.[4]
The shingle style eventually spread beyond North America. In Australia, it was introduced by the Canadian architectJohn Horbury Hunt in the nineteenth century. Some of his shingle style homes still survive and are heritage-listed. Some of his most notable examples of the style are Highlands, a home in the Sydney suburb ofWahroonga, and Pibrac, in the nearby suburb ofWarrawee. The latter house has been featured in a television commercial. Gatehouse, also in Wahroonga, was not one of Hunt's designs, but is heritage-listed.
Pibrac_in_Warrawee.jpg)
.JPG)
Highlands_Wahroonga_Sydney.jpg)
.jpg)
The small groupings of summer cottages that developed from the 1880s to the 1910s in Montauk, Amagansett and Wainscott paralleled the growth of the much larger summer colony in the Inc. Village of East Hampton.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
