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Ruble

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Currency of Russia and Belarus
This article is about the currency used in various countries. For the currency of Russia in particular, seeRussian ruble. For other uses, seeRuble (disambiguation).
Not to be confused withRubble.

5,000Russian rubles of the 2023 series, the highest available nominal in circulation
500Belarusian rubles of the 2009 series, the highest available nominal in circulation, though it is rarely seen

Theruble orrouble (/ˈruːbəl/; Russian:рубль,IPA:[rublʲ]) is acurrency unit. Currently, currencies namedruble in circulation include theRussian ruble (RUB, ₽) inRussia and theBelarusian ruble (BYN, Rbl) inBelarus. These currencies are subdivided into one hundredkopeks. No kopek is currently formally subdivided, althoughdenga (½ kopek) andpolushka (½ denga, thus ¼ kopek) were minted until the 19th century. Additionally, theTransnistrian ruble is used inTransnistria, an unrecognized breakaway province ofMoldova.

Historically, thegrivna, ruble and denga were used in Russia as measurements of weight. In 1704, as a result of monetary reforms byPeter the Great, the imperial ruble of theRussian Empire became the firstdecimal currency. The silver ruble was used until 1897 and the gold ruble was used until 1917. TheSoviet ruble officially replaced the imperial ruble in 1922 and continued to be used until 1993, when it was formally replaced with the Russian ruble in theRussian Federation and by other currencies in otherpost-Soviet states. In the past, several other countries influenced by the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union had currency units that were also namedruble, including theLatvian ruble,Tajikistani ruble andTranscaucasian ruble (laterArmenian ruble,Azerbaijani ruble,Georgian ruble).

Countries and territories currently using currency units named "ruble"

[edit]
CurrencyCurrent usersISO 4217 code
Russian ruble Russian Federation (1992–present)
 Abkhazia (2008–present)
 South Ossetia (2008–present)		RUB (1998–present)[1]
RUR (1992–1997)[2]
Belarusian ruble Belarus (1994–present)BYN (2016–present)[3]
BYR (2000–2016)[4]
BYB (1994–2000)[5]
Transnistrian ruble Transnistria (1994–present)-

Countries and territories historically using currency units named "ruble"

[edit]
CurrencyHistorical usersISO 4217
code		ReplacedReplaced by
Russian rublePrincipality of Moscow (c. 1300–1547)
 Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721)
 Russian Empire (1721–1917)
 Russian SFSR (1917–1922)
 Kyrgyzstan (1992–1993)[6]
 Moldova (1992–1993)[7]
 Turkmenistan (1992–1993)[8]
 Armenia (1992–1994)[9]
 Azerbaijan (1992–1994)[9]
 Belarus (1992–1994)[5]
 Georgia (1992–1994)[10]
 Kazakhstan (1992–1994)[11]
 Uzbekistan (1992–1994)[12]
 Tajikistan (1992–1995)[13]		RUR[2]Grivna,
Denga,
Soviet ruble		Soviet ruble
(1922–1992)
Transcaucasian ruble
(Armenian ruble,
Azerbaijani ruble,
Georgian ruble)		Transcaucasian DFR (1918)
 First Republic of Armenia (1918–1920)
 Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (1918–1920)
 Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918–1921)
 Transcaucasian SFSR (1922–1924)		-Russian rubleSoviet ruble
Soviet ruble Soviet Union (1922–1992)SURRussian rubleRussian ruble,[2][14][15]
Estonian kroon,[16]
Latvian ruble,[17]
Lithuanian talonas,[2]
Ukrainian karbovanets[2]
Latvian ruble Latvia (1992–1993)LVRSoviet rubleLatvian lats
Tajikistani ruble Tajikistan (1995–2000)TJRRussian ruble[13]Tajikistani somoni[18]

See also

[edit]

External links

[edit]
Look upruble orrouble in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References

[edit]
  1. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 97 - 1997-12-19"(PDF).
  2. ^abcdeISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 50 - 1992-12-10(PDF)
  3. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 161 - 2015-12-18"(PDF).
  4. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 106 - 1999-12-10"(PDF).
  5. ^ab"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 77 - 1994-07-20"(PDF).
  6. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 61 - 1993-07-27"(PDF).
  7. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 69 - 1993-12-03"(PDF).
  8. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 64 - 1993-09-21"(PDF).
  9. ^ab"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 78 - 1994-10-04"(PDF).
  10. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 71 - 1994-04-14"(PDF).
  11. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 72 - 1994-05-17"(PDF).
  12. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 76 - 1994-07-12"(PDF).
  13. ^ab"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 84 - 1995-07-12"(PDF).
  14. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 54 - 1993-03-08"(PDF).
  15. ^John Odling-Smee, Gonzalo Pastor. The IMF and the Ruble Area, 1991—1993 // IMF Working Paper, 2001Archived 2015-09-24 at theWayback Machine
  16. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 46 - 1992-07-23"(PDF).
  17. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 48 - 1992-10-29"(PDF).
  18. ^"ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 110 - 2000-11-02"(PDF).
Circulating
Historical rubles
Ruble reforms
Banknotes (by value in rubles)
Coins (value in rubles)
Monetary surrogates
Production facilities
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