_sign.svg) .svg) R-1  | |
|---|---|
 The route of Roxas Boulevard withinMetro Manila. Roxas Boulevard is highlighted in red. | |
(2019-02-21).JPG) The boulevard in 2019 facing south, to the southeast of theUS Embassy | |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by theDepartment of Public Works and Highways[1][2] | |
| Length | 7.6 km (4.7 mi) |
| Existed | 1910s–present |
| Component highways |
|
| Major junctions | |
| North end |   AH 26 (N120) (Bonifacio Drive) /N150 (Padre Burgos Avenue) / Katigbak Parkway inErmita,Manila[3][4] |
| Major intersections | |
| South end |   E3 (Manila–Cavite Expressway) /N63 (MIA Road) / Seaside Drive inParañaque |
| Location | |
| Country | Philippines |
| Major cities | Manila,Pasay, andParañaque |
| Highway system | |
| |
Roxas Boulevard is a popular waterfrontpromenade inMetro Manila in thePhilippines. The boulevard, which runs along the shores ofManila Bay, is well known for its sunsets and stretch ofcoconut trees. Thedivided roadway has become a trademark ofPhilippine tourism, famed for itsyacht club, hotels, restaurants, commercial buildings and parks.
The boulevard was completed in the 1910s. Originally calledCavite Boulevard,[5][6] it was renamedDewey Boulevard in honor of the American admiralGeorge Dewey, whose forces defeated the Spanish navy in theBattle of Manila Bay in 1898,Heiwa Boulevard in late 1941 during theJapanese occupation,[7] and finally Roxas Boulevard in 1963 in honor ofManuel Roxas, thefifth president of the Philippines.[8] It was also designated as a new alignment of the Manila South Road that connects Manila to the southern provinces ofLuzon.[9]
The boulevard is also an eight-lane majorarterial road inMetro Manila designated asRadial Road 1 (R-1) ofManila's arterial road network,National Route 61 (N61), the shortest primary route in the Philippines,National Route 120 (N120) of thePhilippine highway network and a spur ofAsian Highway 26 (AH26). The arcing road runs north–south fromLuneta in Manila to Parañaque at the intersection ofMIA Road and Seaside Drive of the reclaimed area ofEntertainment City beneath the elevatedNAIA Expressway.[10] Beyond its southern terminus is theManila–Cavite Expressway (E3), also formerly known as the Coastal Road, and now more popularly, CAVITEX.
Cavite Boulevard was part of ArchitectDaniel Burnham's plan to beautify the city of Manila.[11] At the request of CommissionerWilliam Cameron Forbes, Burnham visited the country in 1905 at the height of theCity Beautiful movement, a trend in the early 1900s in America to make cities beautiful along scientific lines, for the future urban development of Manila andBaguio.[12]
According to Burnham's original concept of the Cavite Boulevard, the bayfront from the Luneta southward should be a continuous parkway, extending with time to theCavite Navy Yard about 20 miles (32 km) away. This boulevard, about 250 ft (76 m) in width, withroadways,tramways,bridle paths, richplantations, and broadsidewalks, should be available for all classes of people in all sorts of conveyances, and so well-shaded withcoconut palms,bamboo, andmangoes as to furnish protection from the elements at all times.
"In order to make the boulevard presentable and useful as soon as possible, a quick-growing tree like theacacia might be planted, alternating with the trees of slower growth, and be replaced after the latter attain their growth. The boulevard's seaward side should be planted so as to interrupt occasionally the view of the sea and, by thus adding somewhat of mystery, enhance the value of the stretch of ocean and sky. The boulevard would be onreclaimed land to about as far south as the oldFort San Antonio Abad inMalate, beyond which it strikes the beach and follows the shoreline to Cavite. The possible extension of the ocean boulevard along the north shore would naturally depend upon the development of the town in that direction and upon the question of additional harbor works north of thePasig River."[12]
DuringWorld War II, the boulevard served as a runway of its namesake airfield.[13][14] During the1945 Battle of Manila, however, the Japanese forces cut down palm trees along the boulevard to convert it into an improvised runway.
In 1992, flyovers crossing intersecting roads along the boulevard, such as the Roxas Boulevard–Gil Puyat Flyover and Roxas Boulevard–EDSA Flyover, were opened.[15]
On May 13, 2024,Manila MayorHoney Lacuña signed Ordinance No. 9047 to make Roxas the boulevard's starting point (Padre Burgos Avenue/Katigbak Parkway) toQuirino Avenue sectioncar-free every early Sunday morning starting May 26, 2024.[16]
Roxas Boulevard starts atRizal Park inManila as a continuation ofBonifacio Drive. The road passes through many tall buildings, restaurants, banks, monuments, and other establishments as it curves alongManila Bay. TheUnited States Embassy is located near Rizal Park. A kilometer south are the headquarters ofBangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) andPhilippine Navy in theMalate district of Manila. After the BSP building, the boulevard entersPasay, passing through theCultural Center of the Philippines (CCP Complex) andStar City. It then intersects withGil Puyat Avenue andJose W. Diokno Boulevard, where it ascends through the Gil Puyat Flyover. It then parallelsMacapagal Boulevard. It ascends again to intersectEpifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) through the flyover of the same name; there, the route number transitions from N120/AH26, a secondary road, to N61, a primary road. A few meters after passing EDSA, it entersParañaque, continues into a straight route until it ends on an intersection withMIA Road and Seaside Drive, where the road continues south asManila–Cavite Expressway (CAVITEX/E3), which is also known as Coastal Road.
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This list is ordered from north to south:
Intersections are numbered by kilometer post, withRizal Park inManila designated askilometer 0. The kilometer count is discontinuous.
| Province | City/Municipality | km[1][2] | mi | Destinations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parañaque | 7.444 | 4.625 |   N194 (NAIA Road) / Seaside Drive –Airport | Southern terminus; continues south asE3 (CAVITEx) | |
| 6.546 | 4.067 | Asean Avenue (Aseana Avenue) | Southbound access only; northbound access via U-turn slot under EDSA Flyover | ||
| 6.348 | 3.944 |  N192 (Airport Road) | No left turn allowed from southbound | ||
| 6.099 | 3.790 | Bradco Avenue | Southbound access only; northbound access via U-turn slot under EDSA Flyover | ||
| 5.811 | 3.611 | Redemptorist Road | Northbound access only | ||
| Pasay | South end of EDSA Flyover | ||||
| 5.256 | 3.266 |  AH 26 (N1) (EDSA) | End of AH26 overlap; route number change from N61 to N120 | ||
| North end of EDSA Flyover | |||||
| 4.191 | 2.604 | Arnaiz Avenue | Northbound access only; southbound access via U-turn slot under Buendia/Gil Puyat Flyover | ||
| South end of Gil Puyat Flyover | |||||
| 4.469 | 2.777 |  N190 (Gil Puyat Avenue) | |||
| North end of Gil Puyat Flyover | |||||
| Manila | 2.581 | 1.604 | Pablo Ocampo Street / Pedro Bukaneg Street | No left turn allowed from northbound and southbound | |
| 2.121 | 1.318 |  N140 (Quirino Avenue) | |||
| 2.349 | 1.460 | San Andres Street | Northbound access only | ||
| Remedios Street | Northbound access only | ||||
| 1.062 | 0.660 | Pedro Gil Street | |||
| Padre Faura Street | Northbound access only | ||||
 N156 (United Nations Avenue) | |||||
 N155 (Kalaw Avenue) / South Drive | |||||
| 0.000 | 0.000 | Kilometer zero (Kilometer count reverses) | |||
| 0.205 | 0.127 | N150 (Padre Burgos Avenue) / Katigbak Parkway | Northern terminus; continues north asAH 26 (N120) (Bonifacio Drive) | ||
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
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