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Qajar dynasty

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromQajars)
Iranian royal dynasty of Turkic origin (1789–1925)
This article is about the Qajar imperial dynasty. For the imperial state, seeQajar Iran.
"Qajars" redirects here. For other uses, seeQajar (disambiguation).

Qajar
Coat of arms of the Qajar dynasty
Parent houseQajar tribe
CountryGuarded Domains of Iran
Founded1789
FounderAgha Mohammad Shah
Final rulerAhmad Shah
TitlesShah of Iran
Deposition1925
Cadet branchesAmirsoleimani,Bahmani

TheQajar dynasty (Persian:دودمان قاجار,romanizedDudemâne Ǧâjâr; 1789–1925)[a] was anIranian[1]royal dynasty founded byMohammad Khan (r. 1789–1797) of the Qoyunlu clan of theTurkoman[2]Qajar tribe.

The dynasty's effective rule in Iran ended in 1925 when Iran'sMajlis, convening as a constituent assembly on 12 December 1925, declaredReza Shah, a former brigadier-general of thePersian Cossack Brigade, as the newshah ofPahlavi Iran.

List of Qajar monarchs

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No.ShahPortraitReigned fromReigned untilTughra
1Mohammad Khan Qajar1789[3]17 June 1797
2Fat′h-Ali Shah Qajar17 June 179723 October 1834
3Mohammad Shah Qajar23 October 18345 September 1848
4Naser al-Din Shah Qajar5 September 18481 May 1896
5Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar1 May 18963 January 1907
6Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar3 January 190716 July 1909
7Ahmad Shah Qajar16 July 190931 October 1925

Qajar imperial family

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The Qajar Imperial Family in exile is currently headed by the eldest descendant of Mohammad Ali Shah,Sultan Mohammad Ali Mirza Qajar, while the Heir Presumptive to the Qajar throne isMohammad Hassan Mirza II, the grandson ofMohammad Hassan Mirza, Sultan Ahmad Shah's brother and heir. Mohammad Hassan Mirza died in England in 1943, having proclaimed himself shah in exile in 1930 after the death of his brother in France.

Today, the descendants of the Qajars often identify themselves as such and hold reunions to stay socially acquainted through theKadjar (Qajar) Family Association,[4] often coinciding with the annual conferences and meetings of theInternational Qajar Studies Association (IQSA). The Kadjar (Qajar) Family Association was founded for a third time in 2000. Two earlier family associations were stopped because of political pressure. The offices and archives of IQSA are housed at theInternational Museum for Family History inEijsden.

Titles and styles

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The shah and his consort were styledImperial Majesty. Their children were addressed asImperial Highness, while male-line grandchildren were entitled to the lower style ofHighness; all of them bore the title ofShahzadeh orShahzadeh Khanoum.[5]

Qajar dynasty since 1925

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Heads of the Qajar Imperial Family

The headship of the Imperial Family is inherited by the eldest male descendant of Mohammad Ali Shah.

Heirs Presumptive of the Qajar dynasty

The Heir Presumptive is the Qajar heir to the Persian throne.

Extended Family

Notable members

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Bahram Mirza
Politics
Military
Social work
Business

Religion

Women's rights
  • Princess Taj-al-Saltaneh Qajar, daughter of Naser-din-Shah, co-founder of the first Iranian women's rights movement Anjoman Naswan, author of a memoir, painter
  • PrincessMohtaram Eskandari, intellectual and pioneering figures in Iranian women's movement.[10]
  • Iran Teymourtash (Légion d'honneur), journalist, editor and publisher of the newspaperRastakhiz, founder of an association for helping destitute women. Daughter of court minister Abdolhossein Teymourtash and through both her maternal grandparents a Qajar.[11]
Literature

Princess Taj-al-Saltaneh Qajar, daughter of Naser-din-Shah, First Iranian woman to write a memoir, co-founder of the first Iranian women's rights movement Anjoman Naswan, author of a memoir, painter

  • PrinceIraj, Iranian poet and translator
  • Sadegh Hedayat, a Qajar descendant through the female line
  • Anvar Khamei, the Iranian economist, politician, and sociologist.
Entertainment

Family tree

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Main article:Qajar dynasty family tree

Mothers of Qajar Shahs

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Main article:Mothers of Qajar Shahs

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Also romanized asGhajar,Kadjar,Qachar etc.

Citations

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  1. ^Amanat 1997, p. 2: "In the 126 years between the fall of the Safavid state in 1722 and the accession of Nasir al-Din Shah, the Qajars evolved from a shepherd-warrior tribe with strongholds in northern Iran into a Persian dynasty with all the trappings of a Perso-Islamic monarchy."
  2. ^Sümer 1978.
  3. ^Perry, J. R. (1984)."ĀḠĀ MOḤAMMAD KHAN QĀJĀR". InYarshater, Ehsan (ed.).Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. I/6. pp. 602–605.in Ramażān, 1210/ March, 1796, he was officially crowned shah of Iran.
  4. ^"Qajar People". Qajars. Retrieved31 October 2012.
  5. ^"Qajar (Kadjar) Titles and Appellations".www.qajarpages.org. Retrieved31 May 2020.
  6. ^Awene Kurdish Article about Jwamer Agha Hamawand in Sorani by Awene
  7. ^The Royal Harem of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (r. 1848–96): The Literary Portrayal of Women's Lives by Taj al-Saltana and Anonymous 'Lady from Kerman'
  8. ^ "Crowning Anguish: Memoirs of a Persian Princess from the Harem to Modernity" by Taj al-Saltaneh
  9. ^برخورد جهان اسلام با مسئله افغانستان. University of Arizona Libraries. 1989.
  10. ^Paidar 1997, p. 95.
  11. ^L. A. Ferydoun Barjesteh van Waalwijk van Doorn (Khosrovani) (ed.), "Qajar Studies".Journal of the International Qaja Studies Association, vol. X–XI, Rotterdam, Gronsveld, Santa Barbara and Tehran 2011, p. 220.
  12. ^Caton 1988.

Sources

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External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toQajar dynasty.
Qajar dynasty
Preceded by Ruling house ofIran
1796–1925
Succeeded by
International
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