The Jake | |
 | |
.jpg) Progressive Field in 2024 | |
| Former names | Jacobs Field (1994–2007) |
|---|---|
| Address | 2401 Ontario Street |
| Location | Cleveland, Ohio |
| Coordinates | 41°29′45″N81°41′7″W / 41.49583°N 81.68528°W /41.49583; -81.68528 |
| Public transit |  Tower City |
| Owner | Cuyahoga County |
| Operator | Gateway Economic Development Corporation |
| Executive suites | 115[1] |
| Capacity | 34,631[2] |
| Record attendance | 45,274 (October 4, 1997;Division Series Game 5)[3] |
| Field size | Left field – 325 feet (99 m) Left-center – 370 feet (113 m) Center field – 400 feet (122 m) Deep center field – 410 feet (125 m) Right-center – 375 feet (114 m) Right field – 325 feet (99 m) Backstop – 60 feet (18 m)[4] Fence height Left field – 19 feet (6 m) Center and right fields – 9 feet (3 m)  |
| Surface | Kentucky Bluegrass |
| Scoreboard | Daktronics 59 feet (18 m) high by 221 feet (67 m) wide |
| Construction | |
| Broke ground | January 13, 1992[3] |
| Opened | April 2, 1994[3] |
| Renovated | October 2014–April 2016 October 2023–April 2025[5] |
| Construction cost | $175 million ($371 million in 2024 dollars[6]) |
| Architect | HOK Sport Whitley & Whitley Architects Triad Design |
| Structural engineer | Osborn Engineering[7] |
| Services engineer | Polytech Engineering[8] |
| General contractor | Huber, Hunt & Nichols[7] |
| Tenants | |
| Cleveland Guardians (MLB) 1994–present | |
| Website | |
| mlb.com/guardians/ballpark | |
Progressive Field is abaseballstadium in thedowntown area ofCleveland, Ohio. It is theballpark of theCleveland Guardians ofMajor League Baseball and, together withRocket Arena, is part of theGateway Sports and Entertainment Complex.[9] It was ranked as MLB's best ballpark in a 2008Sports Illustrated fan opinion poll.[10]
The ballpark opened asJacobs Field in1994 to replaceCleveland Stadium, which the Guardians, then known as the Indians, had shared with theCleveland Browns of theNational Football League. Since 2008, the facility has been named forProgressive Corporation, which purchasednaming rights for $58 million over 16 years. The previous name came from team ownersRichard E. and David H. Jacobs, who had acquired naming rights when the facility opened. The ballpark is still often referred to as"The Jake" based on its original name.[11] The ballpark and arena are funded mainly by the passage of asin tax in 1990 and both are owned by the Gateway Economic Development Corporation of Greater Cleveland, which is an appointed board of elected officials from the city of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County.
When it opened, the listed seating capacity was 42,865 people and between 1995 and 2001 the team sold out 455 consecutive regular-season games. Modifications over the years resulted in several moderate changes to the capacity, peaking at 45,569 in 2010. As of 2024, the official seating capacity is listed at 34,631 people,[12] making it the smallest MLB stadium by total maximum capacity,[13] though additional fans can be accommodated through standing room areas and temporary seating.
Since moving to Progressive Field, the Guardians have won 12Central Division titles, threeAmerican League pennants and have hosted playoff games in 13 different seasons. In the1997 season, it became one of the few facilities in baseball history to host theMLB All-Star Game and games of theWorld Series in the same season. The stadium has hosted games of theWorld Series three times in 1995, 1997, and 2016.
The Cleveland Indians previously played home games atCleveland Stadium, which they shared with theCleveland Browns of theNational Football League. The Indians first played at the stadium, which seated around 78,000 people for baseball, for the 1932 and 1933 seasons, but returned to smallerLeague Park for most games in 1934. From 1937 to 1946, they played weekend and holiday games at Cleveland Stadium, and eventually night games and other dates where larger crowds were expected, moving to the stadium full-time in 1947. Cleveland Stadium was the largest stadium in theAmerican League during its tenure as a baseball facility and was the largest stadium inMajor League Baseball for all but a few seasons.[14] It had been a symbol of the Indians' glory years of the 1940s and 1950s, attracting some of the largest crowds in baseball history. However, during the team's lean years from the 1960s through the early 1990s, even crowds of 40,000 people were swallowed up in the cavernous environment. As a result, the Indians began pressing for a new stadium.
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Plans for a new stadium first began in 1984 whenCuyahoga County voters defeated a property tax for building a 100% publicly funded domed stadium, which would have been shared by the Indians and Browns. Later that year, committee leaders met to re-evaluate these plans, and a location was later agreed upon. The eventual site of the stadium, the location of the Central Market, was acquired in December 1985. In April 1986, designs for the new stadium were agreed upon and about a year later, demolition at the site started.[3] Cuyahoga County voters approved a 15-yearsin tax on alcohol and cigarette sales in May 1990 to finance the newGateway Sports and Entertainment Complex, which included the ballpark,Gund Arena (now Rocket Arena) for theCleveland Cavaliers of theNational Basketball Association, and two parking garages.[15] Construction started in January 1992, and by May of that year, the concrete construction had been poured. In June 1992,Mel Harder, who pitched the opening game at Cleveland Stadium in 1932,[16] and contemporary starsCharles Nagy andSandy Alomar Jr., executed the ceremonial first pitch at the site of the new ballpark before construction began. The installation of seating was completed in October 1993. The ballpark, which was referred to as "Cleveland Indians Baseball Park" and "Indians Park" on blueprints, cost approximately $175 million to build, of which $91 million was provided by Indians owner Richard Jacobs. The remaining $84 million was raised by the sin tax.[7][17]
An open house was held April 1, 1994, and the following day, an exhibition game was held against thePittsburgh Pirates.[18] The first official game was held April 4. U.S. PresidentBill Clinton threw out the ceremonial first pitch, and the Indians defeated theSeattle Mariners 4–3 in 11 innings in front of a crowd of 41,459 people.[19] The ballpark was the first new major sporting facility to open in Cleveland sinceCleveland Arena opened in 1937. During that inaugural and strike-shortened1994 season, the Indians finished 35–16 at home, which included an 18-game home winning streak.[20][3]
The ballpark hosted playoff games for the first time in1995 as the Indians ended a 41-year playoff drought. The first playoff game was on October 3, a 5–4 win in 11 innings over theBoston Red Sox in Game 1 of theAmerican League Division Series. Jacobs Field also played host to Games 3, 4, and 5 of theAmerican League Championship Series against theSeattle Mariners and Games 3, 4, and 5 of the1995 World Series against theAtlanta Braves. Two years later, Jacobs Field hosted its firstAll-Star Game and the first All Star Game in Cleveland since 1981. Later that year, the Indians hosted Games 3, 4, and 5 of the1997 World Series against theFlorida Marlins. It was the tenth time in Major League history the All-Star Game and games of the World Series were played in the same facility in the same season, and the first time since 1977. The longest home run in ballpark history was hit byJim Thome on July 3, 1999, measured at 511 feet (156 m) to center field.[21][3]
During the eighth inning of Game 2 of the2007 American League Division Series against theNew York Yankees on October 5, a swarm of insects believed to be midges fromLake Erie, enveloped the playing field, severely distracting Yankees relief pitcherJoba Chamberlain, which caused him to walk outfielderGrady Sizemore, who later scored the tying run on a wild pitch. The incident became known as the "Bug Game"; however, this was not the first time the insects plagued Jacobs Field.[22]
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In 2007, the Indians became the first American League team to install solar panels on their stadium.[23] They also spent $1.1 million to convert a picnic area behind the center field fence into "Heritage Park", which features 27 plaques honoring theCleveland Indians Hall of Fame and 38 bricks, representing the team's most memorable moments. There is also a memorial plaque commemoratingRay Chapman which was originally installed atLeague Park. This area is shielded by plantings so it does not interfere with thebatter's eye.[24] The Indians installed a corkscrew-shaped wind turbine fromCleveland State University above the southeast corner of the ballpark in late March 2012, the first major league team to do so. The corkscrew–shaped wind turbine was successful in generating more electricity than individual turbines and was originally scheduled to be tested for two years, but had to be removed in late March 2013 because of cracks that had developed in the off-season.[25]
The team announced the first phase of renovation plans for the ballpark, by then known as Progressive Field, in late 2014, which were completed prior to the start of the2015 season. The area on either side of the right field gate, previously known as "Gate C", was reconfigured, with a pedestrian bridge and concession buildings removed to open the views of the surrounding neighborhood. The statue ofJim Thome was moved to the area, while the statue ofBob Feller was moved to a new location in the area, and a new statue ofLarry Doby was added. A two-story bar named "The Corner" was built, providing better views of the field as the Batter's Eye Bar was often overcrowded. The bullpens, which had previously been separate, were relocated to the right center field area, allowing fans closer views of players warming up. To allow more light in the right field concourse, the mezzanine deck was reduced by several rows to open the area. The Kid's Clubhouse was made two stories, and adults are now able to view the game from the clubhouse. Seating in the upper deck behind right field and down the first base line was removed and replaced with terraces, available for use by large groups. Additional changes included installation of new concession areas and options, many of which are from Cleveland-area eateries.[26][27]
Prior to the start of the2016 season, the next phase of renovations was completed, which included the addition of a new club area behind home plate for season ticket holders, the installation of a new scoreboard system and additional scoreboards, new standing room areas in the left field area, and additional concession areas, again using local-based eateries.[28]
The ballpark became the 11th MLB facility to haveLED field lights installed, which was done prior to the start of the 2017 season.[29]Wi-Fi was also installed throughout the ballpark prior to the start of the 2017 season. As a result of these renovations, Progressive Field was awarded the2019 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, marking the second time the All-Star game was played at this venue.
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In 2022, an agreement was made to renovate the stadium for $200 million, with most of the cost falling on taxpayers.[30] Renovations began after the2023 Major League Baseball season, and are expected to take until after the2025 season to complete.[5]
Progressive Field set a new MLB record between June 12, 1995 and April 4, 2001, in selling out 455 straight games.[31] Demand for tickets was so great that all 81 home games were sold out before opening day in five separate seasons.[3] The Indiansretired the number 455 in honor of the sellout record. TheBoston Red Sox later surpassed this record whenFenway Park recorded 456 straight sellouts on September 9, 2008.[32] The record for the largest attendance at Progressive Field was set in Game 3 of the1997 ALDS when 45,274 people attended the game.[3] On Saturday, April 2, 2011, the Indians' lowest attendance record was broken with a very small crowd of 9,853,[11] and again the following day with an even smaller attendance figure of 8,726.[33]
Naming rights were acquired in 1994 by team ownerRichard E. Jacobs, who paid for rights until the end of 2006. The Jacobs Field name gave rise to the nickname "The Jake" for the ballpark.[34]
The Indians announced on January 11, 2008, that naming rights to the park had been purchased byProgressive Corporation, a major insurance company headquartered in the nearby suburb ofMayfield, for $58 million over 16 years through 2024.[34][35]
Removal of the iconic Jacobs Field sign on the front of the building began the morning of January 18,[36] and the replacement sign was installed on March 25.[37] Progressive agreed to pay$57.6 million for the naming rights for 16 years.[38][39]
Naming rights for Progressive were extended on April 3, 2024 for an additional 12 years until at least 2036, with an option to extend by 5 years to 2041 if the current lease on the ballpark was extended.[40]
The Indians extended their lease agreement with the Gateway Economic Development Corporation in August 2008 from 2013 to 2023. The agreement gives the team four five-year renewal options after 2023.[41] As part of the renovations announced in early 2022, the Guardians signed a new lease agreement extending their tenancy to 2036 with an optional 10-year extension.[42] As of 2023, the ballpark's annual repairs, funded by taxpayers, have been more than $18 million per year.[43]
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The ballpark was designed byPopulous, which was then a division ofHellmuth, Obata and Kassabaum (HOK) known as HOK Sport. HOK designed it as the secondretro-style and firstretro-modern ballpark,[44] with asymmetrical fences of varying heights, a smaller upper deck, and stepped tiers. It is similar to HOK'sOriole Park at Camden Yards in Baltimore, which opened two years earlier and was the first retro-style ballpark. The ballpark was sited to give a favorable view of Cleveland's downtown skyline. The structural engineering was done by a Cleveland company,Osborn Engineering, which helped designLeague Park,Cleveland Municipal Stadium,"Old" Yankee Stadium andFenway Park.[45] It was designed to blend in with the city of Cleveland with its exposed steel design and the vertical light towers that match the smoke stacks of Cleveland's industrial zone.[46]
The ballpark has numerous unique structural features. The field is situated on 12-acre (4.9 ha) ofKentucky Bluegrass.[3] It is illuminated by 19 white vertical light towers; three behind the scoreboard, six behind first base, six behind third base and four in right field, which stand 200 feet (61 m) above street level and 218 feet (66 m) above the playing field and are said to resemble oversized toothbrushes. The distinctive light towers were incorporated into a version of the original Jacobs Field logo and the1997 MLB All-Star Game logo.[47]
The park features distinctive dimensions; left and right field are both 325 feet (99 m) from homeplate, but left field has a 19-foot (6 m) high wall, known as the "LittleGreen Monster".[48][49] The center and right field walls are 9 feet (3 m) high. The park features traditional hunter green seats angled at 8-12° on three tiers around the park except for center field which has one short row of seating in front of the bullpens, and left field which uses bleachers.[50][51]
The bullpens, reconfigured between the 2014 and 2015 seasons, are raised above the playing field, which allows fans to see pitchers warming up. Both bullpens are located adjacent to section 103 behind right-center field, with the Guardians' bullpen closer to the field.[3][52] The Guardians' dugout is along the third base line and the visitors' dugout is located along the first base line. When the ballpark was built, it contained 121luxury boxes. A remodel and renovation between the 2014 and 2015 seasons removed six of them for a new total of 115, the second most in Major League Baseball.[1]
| Years | Capacity |
|---|---|
| 1994–1996 | 42,865[53] |
| 1997–2003 | 43,368[53] |
| 2004 | 43,389[53] |
| 2005 | 43,405[53] |
| 2006–2007 | 43,415[53] |
| 2008 | 43,545[54] |
| 2009 | 45,199[55] |
| 2010 | 45,569[56] |
| 2011 | 43,441[57] |
| 2012 | 43,429[58] |
| 2013 | 42,241[59] |
| 2014 | 42,487[60] |
| 2015 | 36,856[61] |
| 2016 | 35,225[62] |
| 2017–2019 | 35,051[63] |
| 2021–2023 | 34,830[64] |
| 2024–present | 34,631[2] |
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A new children's play area named "Kids Clubhouse", located on the mezzanine level, opened in May 2012. It includes arts and crafts areas, a climbing wall, a mini field where children can practice sliding and fielding, a batting cage, as well as large windows where adults can watch the game from the Kids Clubhouse.[65]
On January 15, 2012, the park hosted its firstice hockey game, a match between theOhio State Buckeyes and theMichigan Wolverines, the first outdoor college hockey game in Ohio.[66]
Progressive Field is occasionally used as a concert venue. It was first used for a concert on August 12, 1995 during its second season of use, whenJimmy Buffett played at the ballpark as part of his Domino College Tour. The panels set on the outfield grass to hold the stage, however, caused visible damage to the playing surface, leading Indians owner Richard Jacobs to ban concerts at the facility.[67] Concerts returned to the ballpark in 2011 when the Indians hosted the Indians Music Festival, which featuredBrad Paisley andBlake Shelton.[68] Three years later, in 2014,Jason Aldean played at Progressive Field as part of hisBurn It Down Tour, a performance that drew 40,516 fans and includedFlorida Georgia Line,Miranda Lambert, andTyler Farr. In 2017, the ballpark hosted two concerts on consecutive nights, withBilly Joel performing on July 14 as part ofBilly Joel in Concert, followed the next night byLuke Bryan and hisHuntin', Fishin' and Lovin' Every Day Tour.[67] On July 30, 2022,Elton John performed before a sold-out crowd at Progressive Field as part of hisFarewell Yellow Brick Road tour.[69]
An event called "Snow Days" debuted at Progressive Field in November 2010. The first day, called "Snopening Day", was held on November 26 and the event continued until January 2, 2011. An ice skating track called the "Frozen Mile" was installed around the warning track, the "Batterhorn" was asnow tubing hill on thebleachers and other events were staged around the field and home run porch.[70] "Snow Days" returned on November 25, 2011, and closed on January 16, 2012. The Batterhorn was moved to the Toyota Home Run porch and the Frozen Mile was rerouted. The park also added the "Frozen Diamond", an ice rink covering the infield.
The second "season" of Snow Days would be the last, due to low attendance that was at least partially attributed to Cleveland's warmest winter on record, with temperatures of 60 °F (16 °C) on "Snopening Day".[71]
All firsts were by the then-Cleveland Indians unless otherwise stated
| Statistic | Person(s) | Date |
|---|---|---|
| First game | vs.Seattle Mariners | April 4, 1994 |
| First ceremonial first pitch | PresidentBill Clinton toSandy Alomar Jr. | April 4, 1994 |
| First batter | Rich Amaral (Seattle Mariners) | April 4, 1994 |
| First hit | Eric Anthony (Seattle Mariners), home run | April 4, 1994 |
| First Indians hit | Sandy Alomar Jr. | April 4, 1994 |
| First double | Manny Ramirez | April 4, 1994 |
| First home run | Eric Anthony (Seattle Mariners) | April 4, 1994 |
| First Indians run | Candy Maldonado, scored on a Manny Ramírez two-run double | April 4, 1994 |
| First winning pitcher | Eric Plunk | April 4, 1994 |
| First night game | vs. Seattle Mariners | April 7, 1994 |
| First triple | Ken Griffey Jr. (Seattle Mariners) | April 7, 1994 |
| First Indians home run | Eddie Murray | April 7, 1994 |
| First stolen base | Omar Vizquel | April 7, 1994 |
| First save | Hipólito Pichardo (Kansas City Royals) | April 15, 1994 |
| First grand slam | Paul Sorrento | May 9, 1995 |
| First inside-the-park home run | David Bell | April 15, 1998 |
| First triple play | Casey Blake-Asdrúbal Cabrera-Víctor Martínez (5-4-3) | August 27, 2007 |
| First unassisted triple play | Asdrúbal Cabrera | May 12, 2008 |
| First no-hitter | Ervin Santana (Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim) | July 27, 2011 |
| Events and tenants | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Home of theCleveland Guardians 1994–present | Succeeded by Current |
| Preceded by | Host of theAll-Star Game 1997 2019 | Succeeded by |
