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Free and open-source software (FOSS) issoftware available under alicense that gives users the right to use, share, modify, and distribute the software – modified or not – to everyone and provides the means to exercise those rights using the software's source code. FOSS is an inclusiveumbrella term encompassingfree software andopen-source software. The rights guaranteed by FOSS originate from the "Four Essential Freedoms" ofThe Free Software Definition and the criteria ofThe Open Source Definition. All FOSS can have publicly availablesource code, but not allsource-available software is FOSS. FOSS is the opposite ofproprietary software, which is licensed restrictively or has undisclosed source code.

The historical precursor to FOSS was the hobbyist and academicpublic domain software ecosystem of the 1960s to 1980s. Free and open-source operating systems such asLinux distributions and descendants ofBSD are widely used, powering millions ofservers,desktops,smartphones, and other devices.Free-software licenses andopen-source licenses have been adopted bymany software packages. Reasons for using FOSS include decreased software costs, increasedsecurity againstmalware, stability,privacy, opportunities for educational usage, and giving users more control over their own hardware.

Thefree software movement and theopen-source software movement areonline social movements behind widespread production, adoption and promotion of FOSS, with the former preferring to use the equivalent termfree/libre and open-source software. FOSS is supported by a loosely associated movement of multiple organizations, foundations, communities and individuals who share basic philosophical perspectives and collaborate practically, but may diverge in detail questions. (More about free and open-source software...)

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Image 1
Tux Racer is a 2000open-source winter sports racing video game starring theLinux mascot,Tux the penguin. It was originally developed by Jasmin Patry as a computer graphics project at theUniversity of Waterloo. Later on, Patry and the newly founded Sunspire Studios, composed of several former students of the university, expanded it. In the game, the player controls Tux as he slides down a course of snow and ice collectingherrings.

Tux Racer was officially downloaded over one million times as of 2001. It also was well received, often being acclaimed for the graphics, fast-paced gameplay, and replayability, and was a fan favorite among Linux users and the free software community. The game's popularity secured the development of a proprietized release that included enhanced graphics and multiplayer, and it also became the firstGPL-licensed game to receive anarcade adaptation. It is the only product that Sunspire Studios developed and released, after which the company liquidated. (Full article...)
Image 2

Screenshot of Debian 13 (Trixie) with theGNOME desktop environment version 48.3

Debian (/ˈdɛbiən/) is afree and open source Linux distribution, developed by the Debian Project, which was established byIan Murdock in August 1993. Debian is one of the oldest operating systems based on theLinux kernel, and is the basis ofmany other Linux distributions.

As of September 2025, Debian is the second-oldest Linux distribution still in active development; onlySlackware is older. The project is coordinated over theInternet by a team of volunteers guided by theDebian Project Leader and three foundation documents: theDebian Social Contract, the Debian Constitution, and theDebian Free Software Guidelines.

In general, Debian has been developed openly and distributed freely according to some of the principles of theGNU Project and Free Software. Because of this, theFree Software Foundation sponsored the project from November 1994 to November 1995. However, Debian is no longer endorsed by GNU and the FSF because of the distribution's long-term practice of hosting non-free software repositories and, since 2022, its inclusion of non-free firmware in its installation media by default. On June 16, 1997, the Debian Project foundedSoftware in the Public Interest, anonprofit organization, to continue financing its development. (Full article...)
Image 3

Leafpad is afree and open-source graphicaltext editor forLinux,Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), andMaemo that is similar to theMicrosoft Windows programNotepad. Created with the focus of being a lightweight text editor with minimaldependencies, it is designed to be simple-to-use and easy-to-compile.

Leafpad has a small install size compared to other graphical text editors and has minimal features such ascodeset options,undo/redo, and the ability to choose fonts. Leafpad is the default text editor for theLXDE lightweightdesktop environment, and thus Leafpad is found onLinux distributions that use LXDE as their desktop environment such asRaspberry Pi OS, as well as on some embedded systems. The program has beenforked intoMousepad and l3afpad, and parts of Leafpad's code have been used in other text editors. Leafpad is released under theGNU General Public License (GPL) version 2. (Full article...)
Image 4

rio, default user interface of Plan 9 from Bell Labs

Plan 9 from Bell Labs is anoperating system designed by the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) atBell Labs in the mid-1980s, built on theUNIX concepts first developed there in the late 1960s. Since 2000, Plan 9 has beenfree and open-source. The final official release was in early 2015.

Under Plan 9, UNIX'severything is a file metaphor is extended via a pervasive network-centric (distributed) filesystem, and thecursor-addressed,terminal-basedI/O at the heart ofUNIX is replaced by awindowing system andgraphical user interface without cursor addressing (althoughrc, the Plan 9shell, is text-based). Plan 9 also introducedcapability-based security and alog-structured file system calledFossil that providessnapshotting and versioned file histories.

The namePlan 9 from Bell Labs is a reference to theEd Wood 1957cult science fiction Z-moviePlan 9 from Outer Space. The system continues to be used and developed by operating system researchers and hobbyists. (Full article...)
Image 5
The Ur-Quan Masters is a 2002 open-sourcefangame modification, based on theaction-adventure science fiction gameStar Control II. The original game was released for PCs in 1992 and ported to the3DO console in 1994. It has been frequently mentioned among thebest games of all time, with additional praise for its writing, world design, character design, and music.

After theStar Control II copyrights reverted to creatorsPaul Reiche III andFred Ford, they licensed their content to their fan community under theGNU General Public License, to keep their series in the public eye. The open-source development team remade the 3DO version as a port to modern operating systems, and allowed fan-mademodifications to add improvements absent in the original release. Released under the titleThe Ur-Quan Masters (thesubtitle of the original game), the modified remake has since been downloaded nearly two million times, earning critical reception as one of the best free games available, with additional praise for a high-definition graphics fan modification. (Full article...)
Image 6

Pocket Casts is apodcast streaming service originally launched in 2011 foriOS andAndroid. The app allows for searching, downloading and subscribing to podcasts and syncs across devices. Pocket Casts was developed by Russell Ivanovic and Philip Simpson under the Australian independent development team Shifty Jelly. In 2018, the app was acquired by a group of public radio organisations includingNational Public Radio before being sold toWordPress.com ownerAutomattic in 2021.

With initial development efforts focusing on Android, Pocket Casts for iOS and Android was madefree and open source in 2022 and received its latest major release 8.0 in 2025. It was also launched for the web,macOS, andWindows, and integrated to car head units, smart speakers, and smartwatch operating systems. Initially requiring a one-time fee, Pocket Casts switched to afreemium model in 2019, adding a subscription plan with more features. Commentators have directed praise to the array of features and the interface's simplicity. In 2020, a request by theCyberspace Administration of China led to the removal of Pocket Casts from Apple's App Store in China. (Full article...)
Image 7

DOSBox icon

DOSBox is afree and open-source MS-DOS emulator. It supports runningprograms – primarilyvideo games – that are otherwise inaccessible sincehardware for running a compatibledisk operating system (DOS) is obsolete and generally unavailable today. It was first released in 2002, when DOS technology was becoming obsolete. Its adoption for running DOS games is relatively widespread; partially driven by its use in commercial re-releases of games. (Full article...)
Image 8
Popular open source licenses include theApache License, theMIT License, theGNU General Public License (GPL), theBSD Licenses, theGNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) and theMozilla Public License (MPL).

Open-source licenses aresoftware licenses that allow content to be used, modified, and shared. They facilitatefree and open-source software (FOSS) development.Intellectual property (IP) laws restrict the modification and sharing of creative works. Free and open-source licenses use these existing legal structures for an inverse purpose. Theygrant the recipient the rights to use the software, examine thesource code, modify it, and distribute the modifications. These criteria are outlined in theOpen Source Definition.

After 1980, the United States began to treat software as a literary work covered by copyright law.Richard Stallman founded thefree software movement in response to the rise ofproprietary software. The term "open source" was used by theOpen Source Initiative (OSI), founded by free-software developersBruce Perens andEric S. Raymond. "Open source" emphasizes the strengths of theopen development model rather than software freedoms. While the goals behind the terms are different, open-source licenses andfree-software licenses describe the same type of licenses.

The two main categories of open-source licenses arepermissive andcopyleft. Both grant permission to change and distribute software. Typically, they requireattribution anddisclaim liability. Permissive licenses come from academia. Copyleft licenses come from the free software movement. Copyleft licenses requirederivative works to be distributed with the source code and under a similar license. Since the mid-2000s, courts in multiple countries have upheld the terms of both types of license. Software developers have filed cases as copyright infringement and as breaches of contract. (Full article...)
Image 9

Dolphin is afree and open-source video game console emulator of theGameCube andWii that runs onWindows,Linux,macOS,Android,Xbox One,Xbox Series X and Series S.

It had itsinaugural release in 2003 asfreeware for Windows. Dolphin was the first GameCube emulator that could successfully run commercial games. After troubled development in the first years, Dolphin becamefree and open-source software and subsequently gained support for Wii emulation. Soon after, the emulator was ported to Linux and macOS. As mobile hardware became more powerful over the years,running Dolphin on Android became a viable option.

Dolphin has been well received in the IT and video gaming media for its high compatibility, steady development progress, the number ofavailable features, and the ability to play games withgraphical improvements over the original platforms. (Full article...)
Image 10
Rust is ageneral-purpose programming language. It is noted for its emphasis onperformance,type safety,concurrency, andmemory safety.

Rust supports multipleprogramming paradigms. It was influenced by ideas fromfunctional programming, includingimmutability,higher-order functions,algebraic data types, andpattern matching. It also supportsobject-oriented programming via structs,enums, traits, and methods. Rust is noted for enforcing memory safety (i.e., that allreferences point to valid memory) without a conventionalgarbage collector; instead, memory safety errors anddata races are prevented by the "borrow checker", which tracks theobject lifetime of referencesat compile time.

Software developer Graydon Hoare created Rust in 2006 while working atMozilla, which officially sponsored the project in 2009. The first stable release, Rust 1.0, was published in May 2015. Following a layoff of Mozilla employees in August 2020, four other companies joined Mozilla in sponsoring Rust through the creation of theRust Foundation in February 2021.

Rust has been adopted by many software projects, especiallyweb services andsystem software. It has been studied academically and has a growing community of developers. (Full article...)
Image 11

Brave is afree and open-source web browser which was first released in 2016. It is developed by US-basedBrave Software, Inc. and based on theChromium web browser. The browser is marketed as a privacy-focused web browser and includes features such as built-inadvertisement blocking, protections againstbrowser fingerprinting and a private browsing mode that integrates theTor anonymity network. Brave also incorporates its ownadvertising through a rewards system based oncryptocurrency, which allows users to earn Basic Attention Tokens (BAT) by opting-in to view ads served through its ad network. While Brave has been praised for its privacy protections and features, it has faced criticism over early plans of replacing publisher's ads with its own and missteps surrounding its handling ofaffiliate links andprivacy vulnerabilities in its private browsing mode. (Full article...)
Image 12
DragonFly BSD is afree and open-source Unix-like operating system forked fromFreeBSD 4.8.Matthew Dillon, anAmiga developer in the late 1980s and early 1990s and FreeBSD developer between 1994 and 2003, began working on DragonFly BSD in June 2003 and announced it on the FreeBSD mailing lists on 16 July 2003.

Dillon started DragonFly in the belief that the techniques adopted forthreading andsymmetric multiprocessing in FreeBSD 5 would lead to poor performance and maintenance problems. He sought to correct these anticipated problems within the FreeBSD project. Due to conflicts with other FreeBSD developers over the implementation of his ideas, his ability to directly change thecodebase was eventually revoked. Despite this, the DragonFly BSD and FreeBSD projects still work together, sharing bug fixes, driver updates, and other improvements. Dillon named the project after photographing a dragonfly in his yard, while he was still working on FreeBSD.

Intended as the logical continuation of the FreeBSD 4.x series, DragonFly has diverged significantly from FreeBSD, implementinglightweight kernel threads (LWKT), an in-kernelmessage passing system, and theHAMMER file system. Many design concepts were influenced byAmigaOS. (Full article...)
Image 13

Newest logo of GNOME Web since version 40

GNOME Web, calledEpiphany until 2012 and still known by thatcode name, is afree and open-source web browser based on theGTK port ofApple'sWebKit rendering engine, calledWebKitGTK. It is developed bythe GNOME project forUnix-like systems. It is the default and official web browser ofGNOME, and part of theGNOME Core Applications.

GNOME Web is the default web browser onelementary OS,Bodhi Linux version 5 andPureOS GNOME Edition. (Full article...)
Image 14

Davis some time after 1985

Terrence Andrew Davis (December 15, 1969 – August 11, 2018) was an American electrical engineer, computer programmer, andoutsider artist best known for creating and designingTempleOS, apublic domain operating system. In 1996, Davis began experiencing regularmanic episodes, some of which led to hospitalization. Initially diagnosed withbipolar disorder, he was later declared to haveschizophrenia. Eight months before his death, he struggled with periods of homelessness. His fans brought him supplies, but Davis refused their offers of housing. In August 2018, he was struck by a train and died at the age of 48. (Full article...)

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Terminology

Alternative terms for free software, such asOSS,FOSS, andFLOSS, have been a recurring issue among free and open-source software users from the late 1990s onwards. These terms share almost identicallicence criteria anddevelopment practices.

In 1983Richard Stallman launched thefree software movement and founded theFree Software Foundation to promote the movement and to publish its owndefinition. Others have published alternative definitions offree software, notably theDebian Free Software Guidelines. In 1998,Bruce Perens andEric S. Raymond began a campaign to marketopen-source software and founded theOpen Source Initiative, which espoused different goals and a different philosophy from Stallman's. (Full article...)

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Period: 2025-11-01 to 2025-11-30

Total views: 9,011,364

Updated: 07:54, 7 December 2025 (UTC)

Rank	Page title	Views	Daily average	Assessment	Importance
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2	Bitcoin	150,410	5,013	B	Low
3	Android (operating system)	128,889	4,296	B	Top
4	Tim Berners-Lee	126,523	4,217	C	Mid
5	Python (programming language)	119,218	3,973	B	High
6	DeepSeek	109,074	3,635	B	High
7	Linux	102,332	3,411	B	Top
8	Linus Torvalds	101,396	3,379	B	Top
9	GitHub	101,159	3,371	B	High
10	Android version history	99,771	3,325	List	High
11	R (programming language)	77,276	2,575	B	High
12	Tor (network)	72,363	2,412	B	High
13	Terry A. Davis	66,561	2,218	GA	Low
14	Firefox	65,795	2,193	B	Top
15	VLC media player	56,811	1,893	C	High
16	List of Linux distributions	54,880	1,829	List	Mid
17	Bluesky	54,122	1,804	B	Mid
18	Go (programming language)	53,706	1,790	B	Mid
19	Rust (programming language)	53,339	1,777	GA	Unknown
20	TempleOS	50,338	1,677	B	Mid
21	Ubuntu	50,157	1,671	B	Top
22	Truth Social	48,858	1,628	B	Low
23	Git	47,574	1,585	B	Mid
24	Free content	45,288	1,509	C	High
25	Digital rights management	45,140	1,504	C	High
26	Bell Labs	42,927	1,430	B	High
27	History of bitcoin	42,909	1,430	B	Low
28	Debian	42,893	1,429	GA	High
29	Visual Studio Code	41,200	1,373	C	Mid
30	Arch Linux	40,577	1,352	B	Mid
31	Brave (web browser)	40,207	1,340	GA	Low
32	Linux kernel	40,115	1,337	B	Top
33	Vim (text editor)	39,405	1,313	B	High
34	MIT License	37,780	1,259	C	Mid
35	LaTeX	36,922	1,230	B	High
36	Free and open-source software	36,764	1,225	C	Top
37	Signal (software)	36,083	1,202	C	Top
38	LibreOffice	35,833	1,194	C	Top
39	Chromium (web browser)	32,975	1,099	B	High
40	Blender (software)	32,428	1,080	C	High
41	Ubuntu version history	31,123	1,037	List	Mid
42	Copyright	30,131	1,004	C	Top
43	Fedora Linux	30,009	1,000	B	High
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46	Inkscape	28,158	938	C	Mid
47	GNU General Public License	27,963	932	B	Top
48	PyTorch	27,927	930	C	Low
49	PostgreSQL	27,839	927	C	High
50	RISC-V	27,020	900	C	Mid
51	Richard Stallman	27,012	900	B	Top
52	GrapheneOS	26,802	893	Start	High
53	Dogecoin	26,792	893	C	Low
54	Node.js	26,771	892	C	Mid
55	FFmpeg	26,619	887	C	Mid
56	PHP	26,328	877	C	High
57	UBlock Origin	25,996	866	C	High
58	Elasticsearch	25,951	865	C	Low
59	Perl	25,861	862	C	High
60	X Window System	24,964	832	C	Mid
61	Zorin OS	24,812	827	Start	Low
62	Linux kernel version history	24,798	826	List	Mid
63	Bash (Unix shell)	24,778	825	B	High
64	Lua	24,324	810	C	Mid
65	TensorFlow	24,283	809	C	High
66	Notepad++	24,228	807	Start	High
67	FreeBSD	23,955	798	B	High
68	MySQL	23,446	781	C	High
69	.NET	22,569	752	C	Low
70	React (software)	22,406	746	B	Mid
71	Wayland (protocol)	21,923	730	C	High
72	GIMP	21,615	720	B	Top
73	XRP Ledger	21,530	717	C	Mid
74	Guido van Rossum	20,975	699	C	Mid
75	Open-source software	20,960	698	C	Top
76	GNOME	20,697	689	B	High
77	VirtualBox	20,664	688	C	Mid
78	Stockfish (chess)	20,333	677	B	Low
79	Proprietary software	19,982	666	C	High
80	Open source	19,927	664	B	Top
81	Red Hat	19,376	645	C	High
82	LineageOS	19,269	642	C	High
83	GNU	18,697	623	C	Top
84	MongoDB	18,662	622	C	High
85	Patent	18,501	616	B	Low
86	Free software	18,384	612	C	Top
87	LLVM	18,381	612	C	Mid
88	Qt (software)	17,703	590	C	Mid
89	Donald Knuth	17,472	582	B	High
90	Hackathon	17,346	578	C	Mid
91	AV1	17,054	568	B	Low
92	OBS Studio	17,049	568	Start	Low
93	Lichess	17,012	567	C	Mid
94	KDE Plasma	16,899	563	C	Mid
95	Zig (programming language)	16,661	555	C	Low
96	OpenGL	16,464	548	C	High
97	Darwin (operating system)	16,374	545	B	Mid
98	7-Zip	16,312	543	B	Low
99	Mozilla	16,308	543	B	Top
100	Mastodon (social network)	16,308	543	C	High
101	Berkeley Software Distribution	16,187	539	B	High
102	Emacs	16,166	538	B	High
103	OpenStreetMap	16,134	537	B	Mid
104	NixOS	16,057	535	C	Low
105	Proton VPN	15,949	531	Start	Low
106	Swift (programming language)	15,896	529	B	Low
107	Audacity (audio editor)	15,878	529	C	Mid
108	GNU Compiler Collection	15,766	525	B	High
109	Systemd	15,762	525	C	High
110	Ouya	15,584	519	C	Low
111	KDE	15,547	518	B	High
112	Krita	15,538	517	C	High
113	Copyleft	15,523	517	C	High
114	Kubuntu	15,500	516	Start	Mid
115	Wine (software)	15,398	513	C	High
116	PuTTY	14,531	484	C	Mid
117	Windows Subsystem for Linux	14,380	479	C	High
118	TeX	14,172	472	B	Mid
119	Wireshark	14,105	470	C	Mid
120	OpenVPN	13,806	460	C	Mid
121	Apache Kafka	13,793	459	Start	Low
122	Ruby (programming language)	13,790	459	B	High
123	Android 13	13,780	459	C	Unknown
124	Android 14	13,774	459	C	Unknown
125	Xfce	13,765	458	B	Mid
126	OpenWrt	13,725	457	C	Low
127	Cinnamon (desktop environment)	13,621	454	Start	Low
128	WebP	13,512	450	C	Low
129	XGBoost	13,506	450	C	Unknown
130	MediaWiki	13,447	448	C	High
131	Brendan Eich	13,423	447	C	Low
132	OpenOffice.org	13,202	440	B	Mid
133	SQLite	13,088	436	B	Mid
134	Raspberry Pi OS	13,075	435	C	High
135	Flutter (software)	12,967	432	C	Low
136	Redis	12,821	427	C	Low
137	Angular (web framework)	12,741	424	Start	Mid
138	Moodle	12,619	420	C	Low
139	QBittorrent	12,542	418	Start	Low
140	Server Message Block	12,446	414	C	Low
141	Laravel	12,179	405	C	Low
142	Npm	12,163	405	C	Low
143	Plan 9 from Bell Labs	12,113	403	GA	Low
144	BSD licenses	11,912	397	C	Top
145	WireGuard	11,860	395	C	Mid
146	Litecoin	11,762	392	Start	Low
147	Bypass Paywalls Clean	11,711	390	Stub	Unknown
148	Apache Spark	11,678	389	B	Low
149	Mullvad	11,621	387	Start	Low
150	WebKit	11,604	386	B	Mid
151	Btrfs	11,584	386	C	Low
152	High Efficiency Image File Format	11,482	382	C	Unknown
153	Project Jupyter	11,414	380	C	Mid
154	Clang	11,406	380	C	Mid
155	Nextcloud	11,312	377	C	High
156	Gentoo Linux	11,245	374	B	High
157	XZ Utils backdoor	11,231	374	B	High
158	Tails (operating system)	11,175	372	Start	High
159	Erlang (programming language)	11,167	372	B	Mid
160	Ruby on Rails	11,165	372	C	Low
161	Gab (social network)	11,144	371	C	Mid
162	List of open-source video games	11,123	370	List	Mid
163	OpenBSD	11,119	370	B	High
164	History of Python	11,070	369	C	Mid
165	Android 12	11,064	368	C	Mid
166	COSMIC desktop	11,004	366	C	Unknown
167	FLAC	10,976	365	C	Mid
168	Mozilla Thunderbird	10,966	365	C	High
169	Flatpak	10,875	362	Start	Mid
170	Minix	10,813	360	C	Mid
171	Opus (audio format)	10,790	359	B	Mid
172	Lean (proof assistant)	10,731	357	C	Low
173	List of free and open-source software packages	10,636	354	List	High
174	Canonical (company)	10,609	353	Start	High
175	Apache License	10,563	352	C	High
176	JPEG XL	10,502	350	B	Low
177	SourceForge	10,428	347	C	High
178	APT (software)	10,316	343	C	High
179	Xen	10,315	343	C	High
180	Firefox version history	10,289	342	List	High
181	WebOS	10,258	341	B	Low
182	Sudo	10,229	340	B	Mid
183	Embrace, extend, and extinguish	10,165	338	C	Mid
184	Manjaro	10,114	337	Start	Low
185	Chmod	10,091	336	B	Mid
186	OnlyOffice	10,085	336	Start	Low
187	Bcrypt	10,053	335	C	Mid
188	Linux Foundation	10,049	334	B	Top
189	Android 10	9,995	333	C	Mid
190	CyanogenMod	9,969	332	C	Mid
191	Nmap	9,945	331	C	Mid
192	ReactOS	9,886	329	B	Mid
193	PeerTube	9,836	327	C	Mid
194	QEMU	9,790	326	C	Low
195	Apache HTTP Server	9,779	325	B	Mid
196	OpenJDK	9,745	324	C	High
197	Apache Parquet	9,629	320	C	Low
198	Rocky Linux	9,610	320	C	Low
199	KiCad	9,476	315	C	Low
200	Signal Foundation	9,455	315	Start	Mid
201	Comparison of Linux distributions	9,425	314	B	High
202	GRPC	9,401	313	Start	Low
203	KeePass	9,389	312	C	Mid
204	History of Linux	9,335	311	C	High
205	Kodi (software)	9,321	310	C	Low
206	Android Lollipop	9,297	309	C	Low
207	Jitsi	9,288	309	C	Mid
208	GNU Project	9,251	308	B	Top
209	Haiku (operating system)	9,248	308	C	Mid
210	Gzip	9,234	307	Start	Low
211	Android 11	9,180	306	C	Mid
212	DistroWatch	9,160	305	Start	Mid
213	AutoHotkey	9,150	305	Start	Low
214	Zstd	9,095	303	C	Low
215	Tar (computing)	9,093	303	C	Mid
216	LibreWolf	9,026	300	Start	Unknown
217	TrueNAS	9,010	300	C	Low
218	F-Droid	9,010	300	Start	Mid
219	Tailscale	9,010	300	Start	Low
220	Grep	8,999	299	C	High
221	Android Oreo	8,877	295	C	Mid
222	SOAP	8,872	295	C	Low
223	Android Marshmallow	8,843	294	C	Low
224	Gecko (software)	8,721	290	C	High
225	Vi (text editor)	8,695	289	C	Mid
226	Lubuntu	8,665	288	C	Low
227	Kernel-based Virtual Machine	8,647	288	C	Mid
228	Ping (networking utility)	8,558	285	C	Mid
229	Tuta (email)	8,549	284	Start	Mid
230	Shotcut	8,534	284	Start	Unknown
231	Kdenlive	8,502	283	Start	High
232	Lawrence Lessig	8,491	283	B	Low
233	Free Software Foundation	8,480	282	C	High
234	Android Pie	8,462	282	C	Mid
235	OpenSSL	8,441	281	B	Mid
236	Knoppix	8,428	280	Start	High
237	Youtube-dl	8,357	278	Start	High
238	AlmaLinux	8,347	278	C	Low
239	WebRTC	8,340	278	C	High
240	BusyBox	8,339	277	Start	Low
241	Adobe Flash Player	8,329	277	C	Low
242	Matrix (protocol)	8,216	273	B	High
243	Ext4	8,199	273	C	High
244	GTK	8,180	272	C	High
245	Man page	8,165	272	C	High
246	LAMP (software bundle)	8,144	271	C	High
247	I2P	8,105	270	B	Low
248	Django (web framework)	8,091	269	C	Mid
249	InterPlanetary File System	8,064	268	C	Low
250	D (programming language)	8,061	268	C	Low
251	Electron (software framework)	8,059	268	C	Mid
252	OpenDocument	8,039	267	B	Mid
253	AVIF	7,995	266	C	Low
254	ActivityPub	7,986	266	C	Mid
255	Comparison of operating systems	7,979	265	List	Mid
256	PulseAudio	7,897	263	Start	Mid
257	Popcorn Time	7,896	263	C	Mid
258	MariaDB	7,853	261	C	Low
259	List of custom Android distributions	7,795	259	List	Mid
260	Android Nougat	7,785	259	C	Mid
261	Bootstrap (front-end framework)	7,767	258	Start	Low
262	Blink (browser engine)	7,741	258	C	Mid
263	React Native	7,713	257	C	Low
264	Selenium (software)	7,708	256	B	Mid
265	AWStats	7,589	252	Start	Low
266	Dolphin (emulator)	7,545	251	GA	Low
267	GNU Free Documentation License	7,522	250	C	High
268	Drupal	7,498	249	B	High
269	VideoLAN	7,430	247	Start	Mid
270	Benevolent dictator for life	7,419	247	Start	Low
271	Fluxbox	7,418	247	Start	Low
272	Quake engine	7,407	246	Start	Low
273	Qubes OS	7,402	246	C	Low
274	Gibberlink	7,386	246	Start	Low
275	Eclipse (software)	7,370	245	B	Mid
276	Kiwix	7,347	244	C	Low
277	Vue.js	7,341	244	C	Mid
278	GNU Lesser General Public License	7,325	244	C	High
279	The Apache Software Foundation	7,240	241	Start	High
280	GNU GRUB	7,205	240	C	High
281	Vorbis	7,182	239	B	High
282	Konqueror	7,166	238	Start	Mid
283	IntelliJ IDEA	7,091	236	Start	Low
284	GNU Affero General Public License	7,039	234	C	High
285	Privacy Badger	7,035	234	Start	Mid
286	List of copyright duration by country	7,030	234	List	Low
287	Yuzu (emulator)	7,017	233	C	Low
288	LibreOffice Writer	6,985	232	Start	High
289	Tcl	6,973	232	C	Low
290	Devuan	6,964	232	Start	Low
291	Comparison of BitTorrent clients	6,955	231	List	Unknown
292	Electronic health record	6,913	230	C	Mid
293	Supermium	6,843	228	Start	Unknown
294	Apache OpenOffice	6,811	227	C	High
295	Zotero	6,801	226	C	Low
296	Ladybird (web browser)	6,799	226	Start	Low
297	TOML	6,769	225	Start	Low
298	SeaMonkey	6,742	224	B	Low
299	Fork (software development)	6,741	224	Start	High
300	Pirate Party	6,702	223	Start	Unknown
301	MicroG	6,702	223	C	Mid
302	Xorshift	6,672	222	C	Low
303	EndeavourOS	6,632	221	Start	Low
304	Pi-hole	6,629	220	C	Low
305	Lynx (web browser)	6,619	220	Start	Low
306	Rockbox	6,613	220	C	Low
307	HandBrake	6,580	219	Start	Low
308	Android KitKat	6,576	219	B	Low
309	GNU Hurd	6,564	218	C	Mid
310	The Tor Project	6,553	218	C	Mid
311	Blackbox	6,546	218	Stub	Low
312	AdNauseam	6,516	217	Start	Unknown
313	Spring Framework	6,508	216	C	Mid
314	Psiphon	6,505	216	B	Low
315	Hacker culture	6,499	216	C	Low
316	Elementary OS	6,497	216	Start	Low
317	MATE (desktop environment)	6,457	215	Start	Mid
318	Tux Paint	6,445	214	B	Mid
319	Xvid	6,416	213	C	Low
320	SUSE Linux Enterprise	6,379	212	C	Low
321	Diagrams.net	6,370	212	Start	Low
322	Budgie (desktop environment)	6,360	212	Start	Low
323	Netcat	6,349	211	Start	Low
324	Artix Linux	6,344	211	Start	Low
325	RPM Package Manager	6,317	210	C	High
326	Bitcoin Cash	6,314	210	Start	Low
327	Low Orbit Ion Cannon	6,262	208	Start	Mid
328	OpenHarmony	6,254	208	C	Low
329	Flask (web framework)	6,235	207	C	Mid
330	Open-source hardware	6,223	207	B	High
331	Snap (software)	6,222	207	C	Mid
332	Dev-C++	6,179	205	Start	Low
333	GNU Core Utilities	6,159	205	Start	Low
334	Ubuntu Touch	6,154	205	C	Mid
335	Fabrice Bellard	6,136	204	Stub	Low
336	X.Org Server	6,096	203	B	Mid
337	V8 (JavaScript engine)	6,064	202	C	High
338	Hyphanet	6,055	201	B	Low
339	ExifTool	6,033	201	Start	Low
340	Df (Unix)	6,032	201	C	Low
341	KeePassXC	5,995	199	Start	Low
342	Collabora Online	5,993	199	Start	Low
343	Ghidra	5,992	199	Stub	Mid
344	Mesa (computer graphics)	5,956	198	C	Mid
345	NetBSD	5,938	197	C	High
346	Illumos	5,929	197	Start	Low
347	Tmux	5,904	196	Start	Mid
348	Llama.cpp	5,899	196	C	Low
349	Apache Cassandra	5,898	196	C	High
350	MX Linux	5,894	196	Start	Mid
351	Ncurses	5,889	196	C	Low
352	WebM	5,864	195	C	Mid
353	Leslie Lamport	5,862	195	C	Mid
354	Ceph (software)	5,849	194	C	Low
355	Android Jelly Bean	5,845	194	C	Mid
356	CMake	5,842	194	C	Mid
357	Svelte	5,836	194	Start	Low
358	Netfilter	5,831	194	C	Low
359	Android Ice Cream Sandwich	5,820	194	C	Low
360	Message Passing Interface	5,804	193	C	Low
361	Rocq	5,799	193	C	Low
362	Online piracy	5,785	192	Start	Low
363	D-Bus	5,782	192	C	Low
364	GNU Guix	5,663	188	C	Low
365	Computer Modern	5,656	188	C	Mid
366	LXQt	5,632	187	Start	Mid
367	OpenStack	5,620	187	B	Low
368	PostmarketOS	5,617	187	Start	Low
369	JQuery	5,608	186	C	Mid
370	MuseScore	5,607	186	C	Mid
371	SPICE	5,588	186	C	Low
372	OpenShot	5,569	185	Start	Low
373	EBPF	5,551	185	C	Low
374	WorldWideWeb	5,547	184	C	Low
375	Metasploit	5,542	184	C	Low
376	KDE Plasma 6	5,533	184	Start	Unknown
377	Antergos	5,527	184	Start	Low
378	Id Tech 3	5,509	183	C	Mid
379	Falkon	5,496	183	Start	Low
380	Dd (Unix)	5,493	183	C	Mid
381	Gettext	5,490	183	Start	Low
382	Firefox OS	5,455	181	C	High
383	John the Ripper	5,436	181	Start	Low
384	Sed	5,434	181	C	Low
385	Adblock Plus	5,412	180	C	High
386	Sailfish OS	5,388	179	C	Low
387	Apache Tomcat	5,385	179	Start	Low
388	Apache Subversion	5,377	179	B	Mid
389	ClamAV	5,376	179	C	Mid
390	Samba (software)	5,359	178	C	Low
391	GnuCash	5,355	178	Start	Low
392	Slurm Workload Manager	5,343	178	C	Low
393	Media Player Classic	5,323	177	C	High
394	MAME	5,316	177	C	High
395	Delta (emulator)	5,301	176	Start	Unknown
396	Puppy Linux	5,291	176	C	Low
397	Calibre (software)	5,290	176	C	Low
398	Joomla	5,285	176	C	Low
399	Ian Murdock	5,281	176	C	Mid
400	Xubuntu	5,251	175	C	Low
401	Atom (text editor)	5,190	173	C	Low
402	GNU Octave	5,185	172	C	Low
403	Simple DirectMedia Layer	5,141	171	C	Low
404	Nftables	5,129	170	C	Mid
405	Zen of Python	5,119	170	C	Low
406	DigiKam	5,055	168	Start	Low
407	Ogg	5,052	168	B	Mid
408	Pale Moon	5,047	168	C	Low
409	ChromiumOS	5,001	166	Start	Low
410	OpenTTD	4,999	166	C	Low
411	Zerocoin protocol	4,988	166	C	Low
412	Homebrew (package manager)	4,987	166	Start	Low
413	GitLab Inc.	4,986	166	C	Low
414	CPython	4,981	166	C	High
415	Bourne shell	4,960	165	C	Mid
416	XFS	4,942	164	C	Mid
417	LXDE	4,936	164	Start	Mid
418	NetBeans	4,915	163	C	Mid
419	Collabora	4,903	163	Start	Mid
420	Comparison of free and open-source software licenses	4,890	163	List	High
421	Glibc	4,886	162	C	High
422	Musl	4,860	162	Start	Low
423	XZ Utils	4,805	160	C	Mid
424	Outline VPN	4,787	159	Start	Low
425	FreeRTOS	4,771	159	Start	Mid
426	List of commercial video games with available source code	4,750	158	C	Mid
427	Io uring	4,744	158	C	Low
428	Citizenfour	4,742	158	C	Low
429	Netscape (web browser)	4,734	157	Start	Low
430	Trisquel	4,722	157	Start	High
431	GNU Privacy Guard	4,674	155	C	Mid
432	System76	4,670	155	Start	Mid
433	WxWidgets	4,640	154	Start	Low
434	List of POSIX commands	4,615	153	List	High
435	Servo (software)	4,610	153	Start	Low
436	Zephyr (operating system)	4,610	153	C	Low
437	MinGW	4,605	153	Start	Low
438	DOSBox	4,601	153	GA	Mid
439	Doom modding	4,582	152	C	Low
440	Nix (package manager)	4,534	151	C	Low
441	Sumatra PDF	4,520	150	C	Low
442	Doom engine	4,511	150	C	Low
443	Eric S. Raymond	4,504	150	C	High
444	List of Android app stores	4,471	149	List	Low
445	GNU Debugger	4,468	148	C	Low
446	WiX	4,462	148	Start	Unknown
447	SerenityOS	4,450	148	C	Low
448	Nintendo Switch emulation	4,436	147	Start	Low
449	Luanti	4,412	147	C	Low
450	Okular	4,409	146	Stub	Low
451	Comparison of BSD operating systems	4,403	146	C	Low
452	Troff	4,392	146	C	Mid
453	Direct Rendering Manager	4,385	146	C	Low
454	JDownloader	4,368	145	Start	Unknown
455	Concurrent Versions System	4,364	145	C	Mid
456	LibreOffice Calc	4,357	145	Start	High
457	LXC	4,355	145	C	Low
458	Coreboot	4,348	144	C	Mid
459	WinSCP	4,332	144	Start	Low
460	Podman	4,324	144	Stub	Low
461	Open-source license	4,311	143	GA	Top
462	OpenSearch (software)	4,297	143	Start	Low
463	Mono (software)	4,240	141	B	Mid
464	V (programming language)	4,240	141	C	Low
465	Libavcodec	4,225	140	Start	Low
466	Ventoy	4,220	140	Start	Low
467	OpenMP	4,216	140	C	Low
468	Apache Groovy	4,215	140	C	Low
469	Lutris	4,205	140	Stub	Mid
470	Tesseract (software)	4,202	140	Start	Low
471	GNU Emacs	4,192	139	C	High
472	Zabbix	4,180	139	Start	Low
473	Android Gingerbread	4,171	139	Start	Low
474	FreeDOS	4,147	138	C	Mid
475	Tachiyomi	4,142	138	Start	Unknown
476	Jinja (template engine)	4,135	137	C	Low
477	Freeciv	4,132	137	C	High
478	KDE Plasma 5	4,111	137	Start	Low
479	Garuda Linux	4,101	136	C	Unknown
480	Antitrust (film)	4,092	136	B	Low
481	AngularJS	4,073	135	C	Low
482	Source-available software	4,052	135	Start	Mid
483	Editor war	3,980	132	C	Mid
484	InfluxDB	3,972	132	Start	Low
485	Gnuplot	3,963	132	C	Low
486	Adwaita (design language)	3,955	131	Start	Mid
487	Gedit	3,934	131	Start	Low
488	Apple Lossless Audio Codec	3,919	130	Start	Low
489	LiMux	3,917	130	C	Mid
490	OpenStep	3,903	130	Start	Low
491	Gratis versus libre	3,899	129	Start	Unknown
492	OpenSSH	3,877	129	C	High
493	Roger Ver	3,876	129	C	Low
494	DragonFly BSD	3,875	129	GA	High
495	Unity (user interface)	3,873	129	C	High
496	WTFPL	3,860	128	Start	Mid
497	Code::Blocks	3,855	128	Start	Mid
498	Cython	3,850	128	C	Low
499	Long-term support	3,849	128	Start	Mid
500	Syncthing	3,844	128	Start	High

edit

Did you know?

... thatTerry Davis created TempleOS, a Bible-themed operating system that had more than 120,000 lines of code?(2025-03-20)
... that the browser extensionAdNauseam blocks and clicks on advertisements at the same time?(2025-01-06)
... that Riley Testut developedAltStore because he wanted to publish his emulatorDelta?(2024-06-01)
... that you can keep asnowflake in a browser tab?(2022-11-08)
... thatKotaku revised an article aboutNintendo Switch emulation after Nintendo complained that the previous version encouraged piracy?(2022-10-17)
... thatVegeta is used to attack HTTP-based applications?(2022-09-11)
... thatLeafpad is a text editor forLinux that is comparable toNotepad for Windows?(2022-08-30)

Transcluding 7 of 24total

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Topics

Free and open-source software

General

Types and standards	Comparison of licenses Contributor License Agreement Copyleft Debian Free Software Guidelines Definition of Free Cultural Works Free license The Free Software Definition The Open Source Definition Open-source license Permissive software license Public domain

Challenges

v t e Free and open-source typography
Software and libraries	FontForge Fontmatrix FreeType Ghostscript HarfBuzz Metafont MetaPost METATYPE1 Pango TeX Graphite (SIL) ICU
Licenses	Apache License BSD licenses Creative Commons licenses GNU General Public License +GPL font exception GNU Lesser General Public License LaTeX Project Public License MIT License SIL Open Font License Ubuntu Font Licence
Operating system, corporate and professional	Bitstream Charter Bitstream Vera DejaVu Breeze Sans Cantarell Charis SIL Computer Modern Concrete Roman Courier Prime Doulos SIL Droid Noto Open Sans Fira Sans Ghostscript fonts GNU FreeFont GNU Unifont Hershey fonts IBM Plex Liberation Croscore Literata Lohit Nimbus Mono Sans Roman OCR-A OCR-B Overpass PT Fonts Roboto Selawik Source Code Source Han Sans Source Han Serif Source Sans Source Serif STIX fonts Tiresias Ubuntu,Ubuntu Titling Utopia WenQuanYi Zilla Slab
Other typefaces	Antykwa Półtawskiego Allerta Asana-Math Cardo Chandas Comic Neue Cormorant EB Garamond Gentium Inconsolata IM Fell Jomolhari Junicode Kochi Lato Linux Libertine M+ News Cycle Open Baskerville OpenDyslexic Railway Sans Squarish Sans CT Theano Didot XITS
Groups and people	Donald Knuth Font Awesome Greek Font Society Font Library Google Fonts SIL International
Open-source Unicode typefaces List of open source typefaces List of free software Unicode typefaces