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Overseas collectivity

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Type of French territorial collectivity, used for several overseas islands or archipelagos
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TheFrenchoverseas collectivities (French:collectivité d'outre-mer abbreviated asCOM) are first-orderadministrative divisions of France, like theFrench regions, but have a semi-autonomous status. The COMs include some former Frenchoverseas colonies and other French overseas entities with a particular status, all of which became COMs byconstitutional reform on 28 March 2003. The COMs differ fromoverseas regions and overseas departments, which have the same status asmetropolitan France but are located outside Europe.As integral parts ofFrance, overseas collectivities are represented in theNational Assembly,Senate andEconomic and Social Council. Though some are outside theEuropean Union, all can vote to elect members of theEuropean Parliament (MEPs). (All of France became one multi-member EU constituency in 2019.) The Pacific COMs use theCFP franc, a currencypegged to the euro, whereas the Atlantic COMs use theeuro itself. As of 31 March 2011, there were six COMs:

Former COMs and overseas territories

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  • Mayotte was a COM from 1976 until 31 March 2011, when it became anoverseas department.[2]
  • New Caledonia was classified as an overseas territory beginning in 1946, but as a result of the 1998Nouméa Accord, it gained aspecial status (statut particulier orstatut original) in 1999. A New Caledonian citizenship was established, and a gradual transfer of power from the French state to New Caledonia itself was begun, which was due to take from fifteen to twenty years. A series of referenda on further reforms have been held since 2018, with voters choosing to remain part of France, despiteunrest.[3]

Table of overseas collectivities andsui generis collectivity

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Overseas collectivityCapital
 French PolynesiaPapeete
 Saint BarthélemyGustavia
Saint MartinMarigot
 Saint Pierre and MiquelonSaint-Pierre
 Wallis and FutunaMata Utu
Sui generis collectivityCapital
 French Southern and Antarctic LandsSaint-Pierre
 New CaledoniaNouméa

See also

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References

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  1. ^"EUROPEAN COUNCIL DECISION of 29 October 2010 amending the status with regard to the European Union of the island of Saint-Barthélemy".Eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved2016-04-21.
  2. ^Benoît Hopquin (31 March 2011)."Mayotte accède à son statut de département dans la confusion".Le Monde. Retrieved31 March 2011.
  3. ^"New Caledonia: 'Shots fired' at police in French territory amid riots over voting reforms".France 24. 2024-05-14. Retrieved2024-12-14.

External links

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Inhabited territories
Overseas regions1
Overseas collectivities
Sui generis collectivity
Uninhabited territories
North Pacific Ocean
Overseas territory (French Southern and Antarctic Lands)
Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean
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