Movatterモバイル変換

Jump to content

Outline of Australia

فارسی

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

See also:Index of Australia-related articles

Continent and country

Flag of Australia

Coat of arms of Australia

Location ofAustralia

Thisoutline of Australia is an overview of and topical guide to various aspects of the country of Australia:

Australia refers to both thecontinent of Australia and to theCommonwealth of Australia, thesovereign country. The continent of Australia, the world's smallestcontinent, is in theSouthern Hemisphere and borders both theIndian Ocean and thePacific Ocean. The Commonwealth of Australia comprises the mainland of the Australian continent, the major island ofTasmania, other nearby islands, and variousexternal territories.^[1] Neighbouring countries areIndonesia,East Timor, andPapua New Guinea to the north, theSolomon Islands,Vanuatu, andNew Caledonia to the north-east, andNew Zealand to the south-east.

The Australian mainland has been inhabited for at least 50,000 years byAboriginal Australians.^[2] After sporadic visits by fishermen from the north and then European discovery byDutch explorers in 1606,^[3] the eastern half of Australia was later claimed by theBritish in 1770 and initially settled throughpenal transportation as part of the colony ofNew South Wales, commencing on 26 January 1788. As the population grew and new areas were explored, another five largelyself-governing Crown colonies were established during the 19th century.

General reference

An enlargeable basic map ofAustralia

Pronunciation:/əˈstreɪliə,ɒ-/ ^ⓘ
Common English country name:Australia
Official English country name: TheCommonwealth of Australia
Commonendonym(s): Land Down Under
Official endonym(s): Australia
Adjectival(s):Australian
Demonym(s): Aussie (colloquially)
Etymology:Name of Australia
International rankings of Australia
ISO country codes: AU, AUS, 036
ISO region codes: SeeISO 3166-2:AU
Internet country code top-level domain:.au

Geography

An enlargeable topographic map ofAustralia

Climatic zones in Australia based onKöppen classification

Extreme points of mainland Australia

Further information:Australia (continent)

Geography of Australia

Australia is:
- acontinent
- acountry
Location:
- Australia is a region or subregion of:
  - TheWorld (Australia is acontinent on the planetEarth)
    - Southern Hemisphere andEastern Hemisphere
    - Oceania
      - Australasia
- Australia lies between:
- Time zones:
  - Australian Eastern Standard Time (AEST) (UTC+10),Australian Eastern Summer Time (AEDT) (UTC+11)
  - Australian Central Standard Time (ACST) (UTC+09:30),Australian Central Summer Time (ACDT) (UTC+10:30),
  - Australian Western Standard Time (AWST) (UTC+08)
- Extreme points of Australia (mainland)
  - Northernmost Point –Cape York,Queensland (10°41' S)
  - Southernmost Point –South Point,Wilsons Promontory,Victoria (39°08' S)
  - Westernmost Point –Steep Point,Western Australia (113°09' E)
  - Easternmost Point –Cape Byron,New South Wales (153°38' E)
  - Highest Point –Mount Kosciuszko 2,228 m (7,310 ft)
  - Lowest Point –Lake Eyre −15 m (−49 ft)
- Land boundaries:none
- Coastline: 25,760 km
Population of Australia: 25,694,393 people^[4] (December 2020) –54th most populous country
Area of Australia: 7,741,220 km² (2,988,900 sq mi) –6th largest country
Atlas of Australia
Surveying in Australia

Environment

An enlargeable satellite image ofAustralia

Environment of Australia

Iconic wildlife of Australia
Akoala.
Akangaroo.
TheSaltwater crocodile is the largest species of crocodile in the world.
Anemu.
Frill-necked lizard.

Geographic features

See also:Category:Landforms of Australia

Regions

Main article:Regions of Australia

Ecoregions in Australia

Multi-state regions

Administrative divisions

Australia map. Western Australia in the west third with capital Perth, Northern Territory in the north centre with capital Darwin, Queensland in the northeast with capital Brisbane, South Australia in the south with capital Adelaide, New South Wales in the northern southeast with capital Sydney, and Victoria in the far southeast with capital Melbourne. Tasmania, with capital Hobart, is off the coast of Victoria, across the Bass Strait. The Indian Ocean is to the west and northwest, the South Pacific Ocean to the east, the Southern Ocean to the south, and the Tasman Sea to the southeast. The Great Australian Bight to the south and the Gulf of Carpentaria to the north are the major bays. The Timor and Arafura Seas are off the north coast, and the Great Barrier Reef guards the northeast coast from the Coral Sea.

Western
Australia

Northern
Territory

South
Australia

New
South
Wales

Australian
Capital
Territory

Gulf of
Carpentaria

Great
Australian
Bight

South Pacific Ocean|South
Pacific
Ocean

Great
Barrier
Reef

Australian external territories

States and territories of Australia

States

Territories

Mainland territories

External territories

Municipalities

Local government in Australia

Cities of Australia

Demography

Demographics of Australia

State/territory	Land area (km²)	Rank	Population (2012)^[4]	Rank	Population density (/km²)	Rank	% of population in capital	Rank
New South Wales	800,642	5th	7,348,900	1st	9.18	3rd	63.5%	5th
Victoria	227,416	6th	5,679,600	2nd	24.97	2nd	74.8%	4th
Queensland	1,730,648	2nd	4,610,900	3rd	2.66	5th	47.5%	7th
Western Australia	2,529,875	1st	2,472,700	4th	0.98	7th	76.7%	3rd
South Australia	983,482	4th	1,662,200	5th	1.69	6th	76.8%	2nd
Tasmania	68,401	7th	512,400	6th	7.49	4th	42.3%	8th
Australian Capital Territory	2,358	8th	379,600	7th	160.98	1st	98.7%	1st
Northern Territory	1,349,129	3rd	236,900	8th	0.18	8th	55.6%	6th

List all suburbs in Australia

List of Darwin suburbs

List of Gold Coast suburbs

List of Hobart suburbs

List of Karratha suburbs

List of suburbs in Greater Newcastle, New South Wales

List of Perth suburbs

List of Rockhampton suburbs

Government and politics

Political parties in government in 1945.
  Labor
  Liberal
  National/Country
  Other Coalition
  Other
  No government

Monarchy of Australia
This article is part of a series on the

Viceroys Governor-General State Governors NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas Administrators of territories Norfolk Island Northern Territory Australian Indian Ocean Territories
Vice-regal residences List of residences Yarralumla (Government House) Admiralty House NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas
Constitution Constitution Federal Executive Council Role in Parliament Head of state dispute Monarchism Republican debate
Symbols Australian royal symbols Royal eponyms Royal monuments Royal patronage Wattle Queen St Edward's Crown Royal cypher Royal anthem King's Flag for Australia Great Seal of Australia
Related links History of monarchy in Australia Royal tours of Australia Official openings by Elizabeth II Loyal toast List of jubilees Demise of the Crown Royal Australian Air Force VIP aircraft
Australia portal
v t e

Main articles:Government of Australia andPolitics of Australia

Form of government:Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Capital of Australia:Canberra
Elections in Australia
- 1901 –1972 –1974 –1975 –1977 –1980 –1983 –1984 –1987 –1990 –1993 –1996 –1998 –2001 –2004 –2007 –2010 –2013 –2016 –2019 –2022
- Australian electoral system
  - Compulsory voting
  - Preferential voting
- Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives
Human rights in Australia
Political parties in Australia
Political scandals of Australia
Republicanism in Australia
Taxation in Australia

Federal government

Government of Australia

Branches of the government

Separation of powers in Australia

Executive branch

Head of state:King of Australia (King Charles III)
- Head of state's representative:Governor-General (David Hurley)
Head of government:Prime Minister of Australia (Anthony Albanese)
Cabinet
Federal Executive Council

Legislative branch

Parliament of Australia

Judicial branch

Judiciary of Australia

Military

Australian Defence Force (ADF)

Command
- Commander-in-chief:Governor-General as theKing's representative.
  - Minister for Defence of Australia (Richard Marles)
Forces
- Army of Australia:Australian Army
- Navy of Australia:Royal Australian Navy
- Air force of Australia:Royal Australian Air Force
- Special forces of Australia
Military history of Australia
Australian Defence Force ranks

Foreign relations

Main articles:Foreign relations of Australia andDiplomatic history of Australia

International organisation membership

The Commonwealth of Australia is a member of the:^[1]

Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) (dialogue partner)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum (ARF)
Australia Group
Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)
Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
Colombo Plan (CP)
Commonwealth of Nations
East Asia Summit (EAS)
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (G20)
Informal social partnership (MIKTA)
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
International Criminal Court (ICCt)
International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
International Development Association (IDA)
International Energy Agency (IEA)
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
International Labour Organization (ILO)
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) (guest)
Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
ThePacific Community (SPC)
Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)
Paris Club
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) (observer)
South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Co-operation Agreement (Sparteca)
United Nations (UN)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT)
United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)
United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
World Customs Organization (WCO)
World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
World Health Organization (WHO)
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
World Trade Organization (WTO)
World Veterans Federation
Zangger Committee (ZC)

Law and order

Law of Australia

Citizenship
Cannabis in Australia
Constitution of Australia
Crime in Australia
Law enforcement in Australia
- National law enforcement agencies
  - Australian Border Force (ABF)
  - Australian Federal Police (AFP)
  - Australian Competition & Consumer Commission (ACCC)
  - Australian Crime Commission (ACC)
  - Australian Securities & Investments Commission (ASIC)
  - Australian Taxation Office (ATO)
- Regional law enforcement agencies – the following policing agencies are regulated by their respective State or Territory Government and are highly visible:

State and territory governments

Local government

See also:Local government

Local government in Australia

History

Map showing the creation of the colonies/states and mainland territories.

Main articles:History of Australia andTimeline of Australian history

History of states

Culture

Culture of Australia

Economy and infrastructure

Economy of Australia

State economies

Education

Main articles:Education in Australia andLists of schools in Australia

States education

Religion and belief systems in Australia

Sport

Sport in Australia

See also

References

^^a ^b"Australia".The World Factbook.United States Central Intelligence Agency. 2 July 2009. Retrieved23 July 2009.
^Both Australian Aborigines and Europeans Rooted in Africa – 50,000 years ago
^MacKnight, CC (1976).The Voyage to Marege: Macassan Trepangers in Northern Australia. Melbourne University Press
^^a ^b"Australian Demographic Statistics December 2020". Retrieved3 May 2021.

External links

Wikimedia Atlas of Australia

Detailed map of Australia^[usurped]

v
t
e

Australia articles

Timeline Bibliography Prehistory Archaeology European exploration Territorial evolution 1788–1850 1851–1900 1901–1945 Since 1945
By topic	Asian Australians Constitutional Diplomatic Economic Federation Immigration Indigenous Military Monarchy Railway

Climate Climate change Continent Deserts Environment issues Earthquakes Flora Fauna Forests Geology Islands Mountains Regions Protected areas Rivers World Heritage Sites
Subdivisions	States and territories Capitals Cities

Abortion Aged care Censorship Citizenship Crime Education Euthanasia Healthcare Homelessness Human trafficking Immigration Irreligion Languages Life expectancy People Demographics Ethnic groups Indigenous Australians Prostitution Racism Religion Squatting Waste management Women
Culture	Architecture Art Arts Australian English Cinema Cuisine Dance Literature Music Public holidays Radio Sport Symbols Television Theatre Anglosphere Australian studies

v t e Wikipedia outlines
General reference Culture and the arts Geography and places Health and fitness History and events Mathematics and logic Natural and physical sciences People and self Philosophy and thinking Religion and belief systems Society and social sciences Technology and applied sciences

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Australia&oldid=1278550148"

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp