| Menometrorrhagia | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Gynecology |
Menometrorrhagia, also known asheavy irregular menstrual bleeding, is a condition in which prolonged or excessiveuterine bleeding occurs irregularly and more frequently than normal. It is thus a combination ofmetrorrhagia (intermenstrual bleeding) andmenorrhagia (heavy/prolonged menstrual bleeding).
It can occur due to any of several causes, including hormonal imbalance,endometriosis,uterine fibroids, usage ofprogestin-only contraception, orcancer.[1] Not least, it can be caused by deficiencies of several clotting factors. It can lead toanemia in long-standing cases.[citation needed]
The initial workup includes exclusion of pregnancy and cancer, by performing apregnancy test, apelvic exam and agynecologic ultrasound. Further workup depends on outcomes of the preceding tests and may includehydrosonography,hysteroscopy,endometrial biopsy, andmagnetic resonance imaging.[2]
Treatment depends on the cause. In cases where malignancy is ruled out, hormone supplementation or the therapeutic use ofhormonal contraception is usually recommended to induce bleeding on a regular schedule.Selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) are sometimes used to stop uterine bleeding.[1]
It occurs in up to 24% of women ages 40-55 years.[2]