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| Marchigiano | |
|---|---|
| Marchiscià | |
| Native to | Italy |
| Region | centralMarche (provinces ofAncona,Macerata andFermo) |
Native speakers | (undated figure of 900,000[citation needed]) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
ita-cen | |
| Glottolog | None |
| Linguasphere | & 51-AAA-rba 51-AAA-okl & 51-AAA-rba |
 | |
| This article containsIPA phonetic symbols. Without properrendering support, you may seequestion marks, boxes, or other symbols instead ofUnicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. | |
Central Marchigiano refers to a group ofRomance varieties spoken in the central part of theMarche region of Italy, in an area that includes the provinces ofAncona,Macerata andFermo. It is one of theCentral Italian dialects and forms part of a continuum that also encompassesUmbrian andTuscan. There are notable grammatical, lexical and idiomatic differences between Marchigiano andstandard Italian, but it is considered, along with the rest ofCentral Italian dialects, to be fairly intelligible to a speaker of Standard Italian.
According to internal variation, Marchigiano is divided into two main areas:
Features that distinguish Marchigiano in general from Italian include:
The verbs meaning 'be' and 'have' inflect as follows in the present indicative:
| Anconitano | Maceratese | Italian | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| so | so | sono | I am |
| sei (sai) | ssi | sei | you are |
| è | adè | è | he/she/it is |
| semo | simo | siamo | we are |
| sé | sete | siete | you (plural) are |
| è(-ne) | adè | sono | they are |
| Anconitano | Maceratese | Italian | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| ciò | ciò | ho | I have |
| ciài | ci(ài) | hai | you have |
| cià | cià | ha | he/she/it has |
| ciavémo | ciaìmo | abbiamo | we have |
| ciavé | ciaéte | avete | you (plural) have |
| cià(-ne) | cià | hanno | they have |
The Ancona dialect is spoken only inAncona and has only recently spread its influence elsewhere (Falconara,Osimo,Jesi,Chiaravalle,Porto Recanati,Loreto andSenigallia). Of the Marchigiano varieties, it is the one that shows the mostGallo-Italic traits. For instance, the masculine singular definite article is alwaysel, without anything comparable to the Italian variation, according to phonetic context, betweenil andlo. Only the speakers from towns which are closer toMacerata (Osimo,Castelfidardo, Loreto, Porto Recanati) use the formlo as in Italian.[1] These cities also undergo other influences from the Macerata dialect, due to proximity.[1]
The Fabriano dialect is spoken inFabriano (closer toUmbria) and nearby towns.Rhotacism of/l/ occurs in this dialect, such that the local equivalents of Italiancalza 'sock' andfulmine 'lightning' arecarza andfurmine.
The Macerata dialect is spoken in the provinces of Macerata and Fermo. Its speakers uselu (masculine singular) andlo (neuter singular) as definite articles. Notable features are rhotacism of/l/ and various assimilations that are absent from Italian:
| Sound change | Maceratese word | Italian counterpart | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| /nd/ >/nn/ | mettenno | mettendo | putting |
| /mb/ >/mm/ | gamma | gamba | leg |
| /nt/ >/nd/ | pianda | pianta | plant |
| /mp/ >/mb/ | cambu | campo | field |
| /ld/ >/ll/ | callu | caldo | hot |
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The following is a list of Marchigian words; note that theAnconitan forms do not showgemination[3] (babu,ciambòtu,nèrtu, etc.)
Ancona, as claimed by Rohlfs (1966: 322) is the southernmost outcrop on the Adriatic coast - south of Wartburg's La Spezia-Rimini (or Pellegrini's Carrara-Fano) Line - of Western Romance degemination
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