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TheLepontii were an ancientCeltic people[1][2] occupying portions ofRhaetia (in modernSwitzerland andNorthern Italy) in theAlps during the late Bronze Age/Iron Age. Recent archeological excavations and their association with theGolasecca culture (9th-7th centuries BC) andCanegrate culture (13th century BC)[3] point to a Celtic affiliation. From the analysis of their language[4] and the place names of the old Lepontic areas,[5] it was hypothesized that these people represent a layer similar to that Celtic but previous to the Gallic penetration in the Po valley. The suggestion has been made that the Lepontii may have been celticizedLigurians.[6]
Amap of Rhaetia shows the location of the Lepontic territory, in the south-western corner of Rhaetia. The area to the south, including what was to become theInsubrian capitalMediolanum (modernMilan), wasEtruscan around 600-500 BC, when the Lepontii began writing tombstone inscriptions in their alphabet, one of several Etruscan-derived alphabets in the Rhaetian territory.
Piana Agostinetti P. 1972,Documenti per la protostoria della Val d’Ossola. San Bernardo d’Ornavasso e le altre necropoli preromane, Milano.
Tibiletti Bruno, M. G. (1978). "Ligure, leponzio e gallico". InPopoli e civiltà dell'Italia antica vi,Lingue e dialetti, ed. A. L. Prosdocimi, 129–208.Rome: Biblioteca di Storia Patria.
Tibiletti Bruno, M. G. (1981). "Le iscrizioni celtiche d'Italia". InI Celti d'Italia, ed. E. Campanile, 157–207.Pisa: Giardini.
ULRICH-BANSA O.1957,Monete rinvenute nelle necropoli di Ornavasso, in “Rivista Italiana di Numismatica”, LIX, pp. 6–69.
Whatmough, J. (1933).The Prae-Italic Dialects of Italy, vol. 2,The Raetic, Lepontic, Gallic, East-Italic, Messapic and Sicel Inscriptions.Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
AA.VV. and Prosdocimi, A.L. (1991).I Celti, pag.50-60,Lingua e scrittura dei primi Celti. Bompiani.
AA.VV. and De Marinis, R.C. (1991).I Celti, capìtolI Celti Golasecchiani. Bompiani.
Stifter, D. 2020.Cisalpine Celtic. Language, Writing, Epigraphy. Aelaw Booklet 8. Zaragoza: Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza.
Stifter, D. 2020. «Cisalpine Celtic», Palaeohispanica 20: 335–365.
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