Lassie
Tommy Rettig with Lassie Junior, son ofPal, the first Lassie, in theLassie television series
First appearance	Lassie Come-Home
Created by	Eric Knight
Portrayed by	Pal
In-universe information
Species	Dog (Rough Collie)
Gender	Female

Lassie is a fictional femaleRough Collie dog and is featured in a 1938 short story byEric Knight that was later expanded to a 1940 full-length novel,Lassie Come-Home. Knight's portrayal of Lassie bears some features in common with another fictional female collie of the same name, featured in the British writerElizabeth Gaskell's 1859 short story "The Half Brothers". In "The Half Brothers", Lassie is loved only by her young master and guides the adults back to where two boys are lost in a snowstorm.^[1]

Knight's novel was filmed byMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1943 asLassie Come Home, with a dog namedPal playing Lassie. Pal then appeared with the stage name "Lassie" in six other MGM feature films through 1951. Pal's owner and trainer,Rudd Weatherwax, then acquired the Lassie name and trademark from MGM and appeared with Pal (as "Lassie") at rodeos, fairs, and similar events across America in the early 1950s. In 1954, the television seriesLassie debuted and, over the next 19 years, a succession of Pal's descendants appeared on the series. The "Lassie" character has appeared in radio, television, film, toys, comic books, animated series, juvenile novels, and other media. Pal's descendants continue to play Lassie today.^[2]

An early depiction of Lassie is found in British writerElizabeth Gaskell's 1859 short story "The Half-brothers". In the story, Lassie is described as a femalecollie with "intelligent, apprehensive eyes" who rescues two half-brothers who are lost and dying in the snow. When the younger brother can no longer carry on, elder brother Gregory, Lassie's master, ties a handkerchief around Lassie's neck and sends her home. Lassie arrives home, and leads the search party to the boys. When they arrive Gregory is dead, but his younger half-brother is saved. Thus, Gaskell apparently originated the character Lassie and, at the same time, defined the "Lassie saves the day"storyline that is the essence of subsequent Lassie tales.

According to writer Nigel Clarke in the "Shipwreck Guide to Dorset and South Devon", the original Lassie that inspired so many films and television episodes was a rough-haired crossbreed who saved the life of a sailor duringWorld War I.

Half collie, Lassie was owned by the landlord of the Pilot Boat, a pub in the port ofLyme Regis. On New Year's Day in 1915 theRoyal Navy battleshipFormidable was torpedoed by a German submarine offStart Point in South Devon, with the loss of more than 500 men. In a storm that followed the accident, a life raft containing bodies was blown along the coast to Lyme Regis. In helping to deal with the crisis, the local pub in Lyme Regis, called the Pilot Boat, offered its cellar as a mortuary.

When the bodies had been laid out on the stone floor, Lassie, a crossbred collie owned by the pub owner, found her way down amongst the bodies, and she began to lick the face of one of the victims, Able Seaman John Cowan. She stayed beside him for more than half an hour, nuzzling him and keeping him warm with her fur. To everyone's astonishment, Cowan eventually stirred. He was taken to hospital and went on to make a full recovery. He visited Lassie again when he returned to thank all who saved his life.

When the officers heard the story of Lassie and what she did to rescue Cowan, they told it again and again to any reporter who would listen as it was inspirational and heart-warming. Hollywood got hold of the story, and so a star was born.

The fictional character of Lassie was created by English authorEric Knight inLassie Come-Home, first published as a short story inThe Saturday Evening Post in 1938 and later as a full-length novel in 1940. Set in theDepression-eraEngland, the novel depicts the lengthy journey arough collie makes to be reunited with her youngYorkshire master after her family is forced to sell her for money.

In 1943, the novel was adapted into a feature film,Lassie Come Home, byMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) that starredRoddy McDowall andElizabeth Taylor. The movie was a hit and enjoyed favorable critical response.^[3] MGM followed this with several additional films, including a sequel entitledSon of Lassie (1945), starringPeter Lawford andJune Lockhart, andCourage of Lassie with Elizabeth Taylor. Aradio series,Lassie Radio Show, was also created, airing until 1949.

Between 1954–1973, the television seriesLassie was broadcast, with Lassie initially residing on a farm with a young male master. In the eleventh season, it changed toU.S. Forest Service rangers as her companions, then the collie was on her own for a season before ending the series with Lassie residing at a ranch for orphaned children. The series was the recipient of two Emmy Awards before it was canceled in 1973. Lassie won severalPATSY Awards (an award for animal actors).^[4] Asecond series followed in the 1980s. In 1997,Canadian production companyCinar Inc. produced a newLassie television series for theAnimal Planet network in theU.S. andYTV in Canada. It ran until 1999.

In 2005, a remake of the originalLassie Come Home movie was produced in theUnited Kingdom. StarringPeter O'Toole andSamantha Morton,Lassie was released in 2006.^[5]

Additionally, two animated TV series featuring the canine were produced. The first wasLassie's Rescue Rangers, created byFilmation Associates, which aired onABC from 1973 to 1975.^[6] Nearly four decades later, a new animated series titledThe New Adventures of Lassie was co-produced by Superprod andClassic Media, in which Lassie was owned by the Parker family and lived in a national park. The series was primarily a traditionally animated (2D hand-drawn animated) TV series, though it also used some CGI animation. It was first seen in the United States starting in 2020 via theCBS All Access streaming service, then carried over to successor serviceParamount+.

Lassie continues to make personal and TV show appearances as well as marketing a line of pet food and a current pet care TV show,Lassie's Pet Vet onPBS stations in the United States. Lassie is one of only four animals (and one of very few fictional characters, such asMickey Mouse,Kermit the Frog, andBugs Bunny) to be awarded a star on theHollywood Walk of Fame—the others being silent-film starsRin Tin Tin,Uggie andStrongheart. In 2005, the show business journalVariety named Lassie one of the "100 Icons of the Century"—the only animal star on the list.^[7]

Lassie is featured inOur Nation's 200th Birthday,The Telephone's 100th Birthday (1976) byStanley Meltzoff forBell System.^[8]

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• Bessy, a Belgian comic strip inspired by the success of "Lassie" and which also featured a collie.
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