Kunming Metro
Overview
Native name	昆明地铁
Owner	Kunming Rail Transit Group
Locale	Kunming,Yunnan,China
Transit type	Rapid transit
Number of lines	6 (Operational)
Line number	1  2  3  4  5  6
Number of stations	115
Daily ridership	798,100 (2021 daily avg.)[1]
Annual ridership	222 million (2021)[1]
Operation
Began operation	28 June 2012; 12 years ago (2012-06-28)
Operator(s)	Kunming Rail Transit Group
Headway	5 minutes (Lines 1/2) 8 minutes (All others)
Technical
System length	164.3 km (102.1 mi)
Track gauge	Standard gauge
Average speed	80 km/h (50 mph)
Top speed	120 km/h (75 mph)

Kunming Metro, orKunming Rail Transit, is arapid transit system inKunming, the capital ofChina'sYunnan Province. The system currently consists of 6 lines with 2 extensions to existing lines under construction and 3 more lines planned, with a total track length of 164.3 kilometers.

The streets of Kunming have long been congested, and as such there have been talks of a subway system since the late 1990s.^[2] With a rapidly growing population of just over 3 million people at the time of the network's construction (And over 5 million people living in the built-up urban area as of 2020^[3]), Kunming was one of the largest cities inChina without a metro system before its construction.^{[citation needed]} A 2006 proposal would have seen construction start in 2008 with a north-south line and an east-west line. The current rapid transit system was first announced in 2009, with construction scheduled to start later that year. The proposed routes would not only serve commuters in Kunming's city centre, but would help encourage development to the city's southeast.Chenggong District has been the site of a recent construction boom, although most new developments were still unoccupied without adequate transit connections.^[4] Thus, the Kunming Metro served the dual purpose of alleviating traffic problems in the city's core and encouraging growth in the southeast.^[5][6]

Construction on Lines 1 and 2 officially began in May 2010, after months of delays.^[7] An elevated test section had been under construction since 2009. Lines 1 (34 km) and 2 (22 km) were scheduled to open in 2012, but with delays, weren't opened until early 2013. Construction on Line 3 began in August 2010 and was opened on 29 August 2017.^[8]

Construction of Line 1 was expected to cost as much as 32 billion yuan (US$4.5 billion), with each kilometer of elevated metro costing around 250 million yuan and each kilometer of underground subway expected to cost between 400 million and 800 million yuan. The primary contractor isChina Railway Construction Corporation (CRCC).

The trains of Line 6 were manufactured byChina South Locomotive & Rolling Stock Corporation Ltd (CSR, nowCRRC) inZhuzhou.^[9] 6-car sets operate at 120 km/h. CSR met journalists in October 2011 to discuss the safety concerns arising from operating trains at such speeds.^[10] Changes have been made to the rolling stock over time. Line 1 and 2 trains feature a physical route map made with LED lights. Line 3 trains feature a digital route map with a basic UI. Line 4 trains have darker flooring, a new UI on the TVs inside the train cars, and a remade route map UI. Line 5 trains reverted the flooring color back to white, remade the TV UI again, modified the route map UI, and feature projectors on the outside of the train that project advertisements onto the tunnel walls.^{[citation needed]}

Line 1 is currently 33.3 km long with 22 stations, running from South Ring Road to University Town (South) andKunming South railway station. Lines 1 and 2 currently havethrough service, which will end when Line 1 Northwest Extension and Line 2 Phase 2 are completed, turning South Ring Road into an interchange station. After the Northwest Extension opens, Line 1 will run from Jiaochang North Road to University Town (South) andKunming South Railway Station. The first phase of Line 1 came into operation on May 20, 2013.^[11] The second phase of Line 1 came into operation on April 30, 2014. A 5.3 km long branch line toKunming South railway station was opened on 26 December 2016.^[12] Line 1's route currently consists of an elevated section connecting Kunming to Chenggong and an underground section below Caiyun Road within Chenggong. The northwest extension will be dug underground along the west side of Kunming's city center. It is Kunming's main rail link to Chenggong. Line 1's color isred.

Line 2 is currently 12.4 km long with 14 stations, running from North Coach Station to South Ring Road. Lines 1 and 2 currently havethrough service, which will end when Line 1 Northwest Extension and Line 2 Phase 2 are completed, turning South Ring Road into an interchange station. After Phase 2 opens, Line 2 will run from North Coach Station to Haidong Park. The first phase of Line 2 came into operation on April 30, 2014. Line 2's route currently consists of a short elevated section from North Coach Station to Longtou Street and an underground section beneath Beijing Road until the line's current terminus at South Ring Road. Phase 2 will be dug beneath Guannan Avenue and Fubao Road towards Haidong Park. It is Kunming's main north-south line. Line 2's color isblue.

Line 3 started operation on 29 Aug 2017, consisting of 19.16 km of line with 20 stations running from Western Hills Park to East Coach Station.^[13] It is Kunming's main east-west line. Line 3's color ismagenta.

Line 4 started operation on 23 September 2020, consisting of 43.4 km of line with 29 stations running from Jinchuan Road toKunming South Railway Station.^[14] It connects Northwest Kunming and Eastern Kunming to the metro while serving as a second link to Chenggong. Line 4 has cartoon mascots exclusive to the line known as the "K4 Cats" that promote ridership of the line. Line 4's color isorange.

Line 5 started operation on 29 June 2022, consisting of 26.5 km of line with 22 stations running fromWorld Horti-Expo Garden to Baofeng.^[15] Line 5 serves as a tourism line, linking tourist destinations such as World Horti-Expo Garden, Haigeng Great Dam, and Haigeng Park. Line 5's color isgreen.

Line 6 consists of 25.3 km of line with 8 stations running from Kunming Airport to Tangzixiang. Phase 1 opened on 28 June 2012. Phase 2 opened on 23 September 2020, extending the line to Tangzixiang station just south of Kunming's city center.^[14]It is an airport express line connecting the city center with the newKunming Changshui International Airport.^[16] Its original terminus at East Coach Station was not connected to any other line until the opening of Line 3 in 2017. The two intermediate stations between East Coach Station and Kunming Airport were built as infill stations.^[16] Line 6 temporary ceased operation on 5 March 2016 to complete the two infill stations and reentered operation on 29 August 2017 with a total of four stations.^[13] Line 6's color isteal.

The extensions of Lines 1 & 2 are under construction, but have faced several delays from their original opening date in 2022 and are now projected to open in December 2026. Line 9, the Songming Line, and the Anning Line are planned. All station names that are included in phase 1 of Line 9 have been confirmed.^[17] Construction of the planned new lines are on hold due to a lack of funding.

Wikimedia Commons has media related toKunming Metro.

• Kunming
• List of rapid transit systems
• High-speed rail in China
• Urban rail transit in China

• news.kunming.cnArchived 2012-07-01 at theWayback Machine
• yn.xinhuanet.com

• Kunming Metro Official WebsiteArchived 2011-01-29 at theWayback Machine
• UrbanRail page on Kunming Metro

• Kunming Metro
• Rapid transit in China
• Railway lines opened in 2012
• 2012 establishments in China
• Underground rapid transit in China

• Articles with short description
• Short description matches Wikidata
• Articles containing Chinese-language text
• All articles with unsourced statements
• Articles with unsourced statements from July 2021
• Articles with unsourced statements from January 2024
• Commons category link is on Wikidata
• Webarchive template wayback links