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Kryptotrochozoa

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Taxonomic clade

Kryptotrochozoa
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Superphylum:	Lophotrochozoa
Clade:	Kryptotrochozoa Giribet et al., 2009^[1]
Clades
Nemertea Lophophorata

TheKryptotrochozoa (incl. Entoprocta + Ectoprocta) are a proposedLophotrochozoa clade. It consists of theNemertea andLophophorata.^[1]^[2] It is controversial.^[3]

Kryptotrochozoa

	Brachiopoda

	Phoronida

Bryozoa s.l.

	Entoprocta

	Ectoprocta

Nemertea

References

[edit]

^^a ^bGiribet G, Dunn CW, Edgecombe GD, Hejnol A, Martindale MQ, Rouse GW."Assembling the spiralian tree of life". In Telford MJ, Littlewood DT (eds.).Animal Evolution — Genomes, Fossils, and Trees. pp. 52–64.
^Luo YJ, Kanda M, Koyanagi R, Hisata K, Akiyama T, Sakamoto H, Sakamoto T, Satoh N (January 2018)."Nemertean and phoronid genomes reveal lophotrochozoan evolution and the origin of bilaterian heads".Nature Ecology & Evolution.2 (1):141–151.doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0389-y.PMID 29203924.
^Nesnidal MP, Helmkampf M, Meyer A, Witek A, Bruchhaus I, Ebersberger I, Hankeln T, Lieb B, Struck TH, Hausdorf B (November 2013)."New phylogenomic data support the monophyly of Lophophorata and an Ectoproct-Phoronid clade and indicate that Polyzoa and Kryptrochozoa are caused by systematic bias".BMC Evolutionary Biology.13 (1): 253.doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-253.PMC 4225663.PMID 24238092.

Extantanimal phyla

(major groups

ParaHoxozoa
(Planulozoa)

Placozoa (Trichoplax and relatives) Cnidaria (jellyfish and relatives)
Bilateria (Triploblasts)	(see below↓)

Thephylogeny of the animal rootis disputed; see also: Eumetazoa; Benthozoa

Scalidophora	Kinorhyncha (mud dragons) Priapulida (penis worms)

N+L+P

Nematoida

L+P

Loricifera (corset animals)

Panarthropoda

Spiralia

Gnathifera

Chaetognatha (arrow worms) Gnathostomulida (jaw worms)
M+S	Micrognathozoa(Limnognathia) Syndermata Rotifera (wheel animals) Acanthocephala (thorny-headed worms)