Janismo is a political behavior and ideology often attributed toJânio Quadros,[1] the 22ndPresident of Brazil.
During the term of former presidentJuscelino Kubitschek, the Brazilian government adopted a policy ofdevelopmentalism. It constructed the city ofBrasília under the promise of development in national industry within 5 years.[2]
Janismo is defined by the electoral campaign promises and government actions under Jânio Quadros' presidency. The main goal of the ideology is to combat corruption.[3] It is characterized asright-wing populism making opposition toGetulismo andPeronism. The difference between Jânismo and Vargas' Getulismo was in the way their policies targeted the lower class. While Vargas appealed to the working class for his promises of better living conditions,[4] Jânio appealed to the same class using promises of bringing corrupt government officials to justice.
Other characteristics of Janismo include:
During the1960 Brazilian presidential election, dissatisfied with the candidacy ofHenrique Teixeira Lott (supported by theBrazilian Labour Party),syndicalists supported Jânio Quadros's candidacy for president, and that ofJoão "Jango" Goulart, his rival, for vice-president.[9] This non-formal coalition was named the "Jan–Jan Movement." For the first time in decades, a vice-president who ran in opposition was elected (Goulart was an ally of Jânio's main rival Kubitschek). Despite the disagreement between the leaders, Jânio was the favorite candidate of the working class.
Some modern right-wing politicians likeLevy Fidelix andFernando Chiarelli have made attacking the corruption of the Brazilian state in the Janismo fashion the main tenet of their campaign platforms.[10][11] Some parties that generally follow the principles of Janismo are:
