 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Jain symbols" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(January 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| Part ofa series on |
| Jainism |
|---|
|
Ethics Ethics of Jainism
|
Major sects |
Jain symbols aresymbols based on theJain philosophy.
The four arms of the swastika symbolize the four states of existence as perJainism:[1][2]
It represents the perpetual nature of the universe in the material world, where a creature is destined to one of those states based on theirkarma. In contrast to this circle of rebirth and delusion is the concept of a straight path, constituted by correct faith, understanding and conduct, and visually symbolized by the three dots above therunning cross[clarification needed]swastika, which leads the individual out of the transient imperfect world to a permanent perfect state of enlightenment and perfection. This perfect state of liberation is symbolized by the crescent and dot at the top of thesvastika.[1]
It also represents the four columns of theJain Sangha: sadhus, sadhvis,sravakas and shravikas - monks, nuns and female and male laymen.
It also represents the four characteristics of thesoul: infinite knowledge, infinite perception, infinite happiness, and infinite energy.
This symbol was adopted by all on the occasion of 2500 year completion of Bhagwan Mahaveer.[citation needed]
The hand with a wheel on the palm symbolizesAhimsa in Jainism. The word in the middle is "ahiṃsā" (non-violence). The wheel represents thedharmachakra, which stands for the resolve to halt thesaṃsāra through the relentless pursuit ofAhimsa.
In 1975, on the auspicious 2500th anniversary of thenirvana of the last JainTirthankara,Mahavira, the Jain community at large collectively chose one image as an emblem to be the main identifying symbol forJainism.[3] Since then, this emblem is used in almost all of Jainmagazines, onwedding cards, onJain festival cards and in magazines with links to events related to Jain society.
The Jain emblem is composed of many fundamental concepts and symbols. The outline of the image represents the universe as described inJain Agamas. It consists of threeLoks (realms). The upper portion indicates heaven, the middle portion indicates the material world and the lower portion indicates hell.
The semi-circular topmost portion symbolizessiddhashila, which is a zone beyond the three realms. All of thesiddhas or liberated bodiless creatures/souls reside on this forever, liberated from the cycle of life and death. The three dots on the top under the semi-circle symbolize theRatnatraya – right belief, right knowledge, and right conduct. Every creature in this world can become free from the cycle of life and death. This gives the message that it is necessary to have the Ratnatraya in order to attainmoksha.
In the top portion, theswastika symbol is present.
The symbol of hand in the lower portion shows fearlessness and symbolizes the feeling ofahimsa towards all the creatures in this world. The circle in the middle of the hand symbolizessaṃsāra and the 24 spokes represent the preachings from the 24Tirthankaras, which can be used to liberate a soul from the cycle of reincarnation.
The meaning of themantra at the bottom,Parasparopagraho Jivanam, is "All life is bound together by mutual support and interdependence."
In short, the Jain emblem represents many important concepts to show the path to enlightenment by following the basic principles of ahimsa, the Ratnatraya andParasparopagraho Jivanam.
It is important that an emblem or symbol is used consistently in the same format to preserve its value and the meaning. There are many variations of the symbol in use currently. However, they do not show all the fundamental concepts embedded in the current emblem. For example,JAINA in North America uses a modified version of the standard Jain symbol. It replaces the swastika withOm because the swastika is associated withNazi Germany there.[4]
The five colours of theJain flag represent thePañca-Parameṣṭhi and the five vows, small as well as great:[5]
In Jainism,Om is considered a condensed form of reference to thePañca-Parameṣṭhi, by their initialsA+A+A+U+M (o3m). TheDravyasamgraha quotes aPrakrit line:[6]
oma ekākṣara pañca-parameṣṭhi-nāmā-dipam tatkathamiti cheta "arihatā asarīrā āyariyā taha uvajjhāyā muṇiyā"
AAAUM (or just "Om") is one syllable short form of the initials of the five parameshthis: "Arihant,Asharira,Acharya,Upajjhaya,Muni".[7]
The Om/AUM symbol is used in ancient Jain scriptures to represent the Navakar Mantra,[8] which is the most important prayer in the Jain religion. The Navakar Mantra honors thepanch parmeshtis (or five supreme beings) in Jainism.
.jpg)
TheAshtamangala are a set of eight auspicious symbols.[9] There is some variation among different traditions concerning the eight symbols.[10]
In theDigambara tradition, the eight symbols are:
In theŚvētāmbara tradition, the eight symbols are:
Dharmachakra,Shrivatsa,Kalasha, Ashoka Tree and Nandavart.
_-_Oct_2010.jpg)
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
| Gods | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philosophy | |||||
| Branches |
| ||||
| Practices | |||||
| Literature | |||||
| Symbols | |||||
| Ascetics | |||||
| Scholars | |||||
| Community |
| ||||
| Jainism in |
| ||||
| Jainism and | |||||
| Dynasties and empires | |||||
| Related | |||||
| Lists | |||||
| Navboxes | |||||
