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| Industrial hip hop | |
|---|---|
| Stylistic origins | |
| Cultural origins | Mid-1980s,New York City andLondon |
| Typical instruments | |
| Derivative forms | |
| Other topics | |
Industrial hip hop is a fusion genre ofindustrial music andhip hop.
The origins of industrial hip hop are in the work ofMark Stewart,Bill Laswell, andAdrian Sherwood. In 1985, formerThe Pop Group singer Mark Stewart releasedAs the Veneer of Democracy Starts to Fade, an application of thecut-up style of industrial music, with the house band ofSugar Hill Records (Doug Wimbish, Keith Leblanc, andSkip McDonald).[1] In 1986,The Beatnigs were formed in San Francisco. As a collaboration betweenMichael Franti, Rono Tse and Kevin Carnes, The Beatnigs combined hardcore punk, industrial and hip hop influences, described as "a kind of avant-garde industrial jazz poets collective".[2] The band's stage performance included the use of power tools such as a rotary saw on a metal bar to create industrial noise and pyrotechnics.[3] In the late 1980s, Laswell'sMaterial project began to take increasing influence from hip hop. Adrian Sherwood was a major figure in British dub, as well as working withindustrial groups such asCabaret Voltaire,Einstürzende Neubauten,Ministry,KMFDM, andNine Inch Nails.
Tackhead, a collaboration between Sherwood and theSugar Hill band, picked up where Mark Stewart left off.[4]The Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy andConsolidated from San Francisco,[5][6][7]MC 900 Ft. Jesus from Texas[8][9] andMeat Beat Manifesto from the UK are also early representatives of the style. The industrial group23 Skidoo,Miles Davis's albumOn the Corner, and the Nine Inch Nails single "Down in It" are also important precedents for the style.
Industrial hip hop was carried forward by figures from a diverse number of scenes.Young Black Teenagers featured an industrial-influenced sound on their1991 self-titled debut album, provided bythe Bomb Squad, Public Enemy's production team.[10] Perhaps the most unlikely adopters wereJustin Broadrick andMick Harris, previously known for their invention of thegrindcore style ofextreme metal, while inNapalm Death. After participating in thejazzcore groupPain Killer withBill Laswell, Harris'sScorn project delved intodark ambient and industrial hip hop. Subsequently, Broadrick began to work withKevin Martin, previously ofGod (also ajazzcore group). The later work of Broadrick'sGodflesh,[11] as well as his collaborations with Martin,Ice,[12]Techno Animal,[11] andCurse of the Golden Vampire, are prime examples of industrial hip hop.[13] The last of these was also a collaboration withAlec Empire, from Berlin, who also participated in the style in a number of his albums.
The German labelMille Plateaux developed the sound throughout their series ofElectric Ladyland compilations.Ice andTechno Animal also collaborated at times withEl-P and other representatives of theDef Jux label.DJ Spooky'sillbient style is closely related to these developments in industrial hip hop;Mutamassik takes influence from both, as well as frombreakcore.
Industrial rock bandAcumen Nation adopts hip hop influences, as does the band's side projectDJ? Acucrack. A few other industrial bands that combine hip hop elements in their music areRabbit Junk,The Mad Capsule Markets, andThe Shizit, who areindustrial metal anddigital hardcore bands.Atari Teenage Riot have also been known to incorporate hip hop elements in some of their songs, withCarl Crack developing a distinctiveMC style. In theelectro-industrial/industrial metal genre there isSteril, notable for combining hip hop beats, dj scratches, and rap verses with industrial elements.The Kompressor, often uses vocal distortion in the style of manyAggrotech artists. The industrialsuper groupThe Damage Manual is known to regularly incorporate hip hop with their music, in beats andMCing.Corporate Avenger therap metal/industrial metal band, often does industrial hip hop in their music.Stromkern combine hip hop beats with EBM-style synths and vocals.Rap rock groupsSenser andClawfinger are often grouped as industrial hip hop, due to their use of electronica with aggressiverap metal. Other acts of note would be Nettwerk Records'Consolidated, and P.O.W.E.R, as well as the Swamp Terrorists, SMP aka Sounds of Mass Production, Non-Aggression Pact, and Noisebox.
Croatian-American rapperMarz emerged from Chicago's industrial metal scene, working as an engineer on Ministry'sFilth Pig (1996) and playing guitar onDark Side of the Spoon (1999). He later pursued his own project, which featured Ministry acolytesRey Washam andLouis Svitek.[14]
While Broadrick chose to devote his attentions primarily topost-metal, Martin continued to apply industrial hip hop todancehall andgrime withThe Bug. Jace Clayton, a Brooklyn native who expatriated to Barcelona and records under the namesDJ /rupture and Nettle, is also devoted to the style, as well as tobreakcore. Filastine, a former member of ¡Tchkung! who records for Clayton'sSoot label, also practices a politicized variety of industrial hip hop. The French labelCavage eventually devoted itself to the style, along with the Toulouse-based grouples Trolls.
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Antipop Consortium,[15]Death Grips,[16]Moodie Black,[17]clipping.,Moor Mother,JPEGMAFIA andDälek are successful examples of contemporary industrial hip hop,[18][19] as areBlades Of Hades,Ho99o9, NAH,[20] andSaul Williams.[21][22][23][24]Kanye West'sYeezus album has been described as blending industrial music with hip hop.[25]
Industrial hip hop is connected to (and sometimes confused with) the more experimental variants oftrip hop. It also anticipates many of the developments ofdubstep.Illbient is also adjacent to, and possibly a subgenre of, industrial hip hop. Contemporary industrial hip hop is also closely connected todigital hardcore andbreakcore.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Access date: October 7, 2008.