 | |
Native name | 红旗 |
|---|---|
| Company type | Division |
| Industry | Automotive |
| Founded | 1958; 67 years ago (1958) |
| Headquarters | , China |
Area served | Worldwide |
| Products | Automobiles |
| Parent | FAW Group |
| Website | hongqi |
Hongqi (Chinese:红旗;pinyin:Hóngqí) is a Chinese luxury car brand operated owned by the automakerFAW Group. Hongqi was launched in 1958, making it the oldest Chinese passenger car brand.[1][2] In Chinese,hongqi means "red flag."
Originally, Hongqi models were only for high-ranking government officials.[3] They ceased production in 1981 but were later revived in the mid-1990s.
While the name has endured, the vehicles that bear the brand have varied significantly. Originally a dignitary's car,[4] the brand's later vehicles have ranged from serving as taxis[5] to low-end business sedans;[6] during the60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China parade, the brand returned to its roots by carrying party leaders.[7]
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The original Hongqi cars were a luxury item used for the transport of foreign dignitaries[4] and the party elite.[3] AlthoughChairmanMao Zedong claimed not to have been driven in a Hongqi untilNixon's 1972 visit, he did take a personal interest in the cars from the beginning.[8]
Introduced on August 1, 1958, the first Hongqi was theCA72. By September, a convertible version intended to be used by dignitaries inNational Day parades had appeared.[9] The CA72's design was based on a1955 Chrysler.[10][dead link] From the beginning, the full-size Hongqi was equipped with a 147 kW (200 PS; 197 hp) V8 engine.[9] The grille was based on a traditional design of a Chinesefan and remains in use on Hongqis today.
First introduced in 1963, theCA770 model remained in production until 1980, albeit in limited numbers. Around 1,600 of these V8-engined Hongqis were built in total,[11] and over the years various versions were released, including a 1965 long-wheelbase model with three rows of seats and a 1969 armored version (CA772).[9]
Between 1995 and 2006,[citation needed] foreign products were manufactured in China and sold as Hongqi models. These included theAudi 100[12] (CA7200/CA7220) and theLincoln Town Car[10] (CA7460). There were two Audi 100-based versions—the more luxurious "Century Star"[13] and the smaller (1.8-litre) HongqiMingshi.[14]
FAW began production of the third generation of Hongqi vehicles in 2006.[15] Named the HQ3 and based on theToyota Crown Majesta, it saw little market success. First year sales totaled near 500, and while the target for the second year was 1,400 units, the HQ3 would not be profitable until annual sales of 5,000 were reached[16]—something that may never have happened. By October 2007, the price was reduced considerably and the name changed toShengshi ("Days of Prosperity") in order to better appeal to private buyers.[6] Sales during the first half of 2007 were all from inventory and totaled 788.[6]
Debuting by 2013, 30,000 units of the latest Hongqi model were initially expected to be produced,[17] though a year after launch, less than 5,000 had been sold.[18] Sales are through government procurement; the car is billed as "the official car for minister-level officials."[17] In 2014, thePeople's Liberation Army purchased at least 1,000 H7 models.[19] A much more expensive model, the L5, was also on sale alongside the H7.[20]
FAW Group held the "Hongqi Brand Strategy Conference" in Beijing'sGreat Hall of the People on the evening of January 8, 2018. In this conference, the new Hongqi design was released, with a concept car model on display. A new logo was also released at the same time.[21]
From 2018 to 2021, the brand experienced extremely high growth, from 33,000 units in 2018 to over 100,000 in 2019, over 200,000 in 2020, and over 300,000 in 2021, a growth of 63 times in 4 years.[22][23]
On January 8, 2023, the Hongqi brand released its global strategy for new energy vehicles.[24]
In 2023, Hongqi launched two product lines, "Hongqi Golden Sunflower" and "Hongqi New Energy", based on the main brand, focusing on ultra-luxury cars and pure electric cars respectively.[25]
In 2023, the brand re-entered the minibus market for the first time since selling the Hongqi CA630 minibus[26] in the 1980s, with the 23-seat Hongqi QM7.[27]
In 2023, FAW announced internally the establishment of the Hongqi Brand Operations Committee and carried out a series of organizational and personnel adjustments.[28]
For the general public sale, Hongqi has three product lines: theGolden Sunflower series for ultra luxury models, theEnergy-Saving series is for the transitional internal combustion engine models, and the New Energy series for electric models.
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Before 2014, Chineseparamount leaders generally used vehicles supplied by the host country when visiting a foreign country. This custom began to change in November 2014, when PresidentXi Jinping, brought his ownHongqi L5 presidential car on a state visit to New Zealand as anofficial state car.[29][30]
Traditionally, the Chineseparamount leaders used Hongqi as ceremonial cars in the anniversary parade of the People's Republic of China. The ceremonial cars likeCA7600J,CA772TJ,CA770TJ andT196 are more retro-looking which inherited fromCA72, the very first model of Hongqi brand which used byCCP Chairman andCMC ChairmanMao Zedong on10th anniversary of the People's Republic of China.
TheChinese Government uses Hongqi primarily as state guest car to host foreign head of state. The current state guest car fleet consists of Hongqi L5 and its variants L7 and L9. These vehicles are not available for sale to the public.
| Model | Debuted | Length | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Presidential car | |||
| Hongqi N701 | 2022 | Debuted in visit to Hong Kong byPresidentXi Jinping during25th anniversary of handover.[31][32] Identifiable via lengthened rear windows.Currentpresidential car of China. | |
 | 2016[33] | 5,500 mm. | Debuted in state visit to Rwanda byPresidentXi Jinping in 2018.[34] Based on Hongqi L5 with modern styling[35] |
.jpg) | 2014 | 5,555 mm | Debuted as the presidential car in state visit to New Zealand byPresidentXi Jinping in 2014[36] Developed from CA7600J. |
| Ceremonial car | |||
| Hongqi T196 | 2019 | Debuted in70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China military parade byPresidentXi Jinping in 2019[37][38] | |
| Hongqi CA7600J | 2009 | 6,400 mm | Debuted in60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China military parade byPresidentHu Jintao in 2009[39] Also used inChina Victory Day Parade byPresidentXi Jinping in 2015.[40] |
.jpg) | 1999 | 5,980 mm | Debuted in50th anniversary of the People's Republic of China military parade byPresidentJiang Zemin in 1999 |
.jpg) | 1984 | 5,980 mm | Debuted in35th anniversary of the People's Republic of China military parade byparamount leaderDeng Xiaoping in 1984 |
 Hongqi CA72 | 1959 | 5,500 mm | Debuted in10th anniversary of the People's Republic of China military parade byChairmanMao Zedong in 1959 |
| State guest car | |||
| Hongqi L9 | 2013 | 6,400 mm, wheelbase 3900mm | Developed from CA7600J. |
| Hongqi L7 | 2012[41] | 6,097 mm, wheelbase 3,600 mm.[42] | Developed from CA7600J. |
| Hongqi L5 | 2012[41] | 5,555 mm, wheelbase 3,435 mm. | Used for foreign dignitaries. First used to ferry French PresidentFrançois Hollande in 2013.[42] The official state version equipped with 6.0 litre engine and not sold to public[41] Developed from CA7600J. |
| Production dates | Model designation | Picture | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1958[4] | Dongfeng CA71[4](东风 East Wind) | _front-right_2016_Beijing_Auto_Museum.jpg) | GAZ-21 body and chassis,Mercedes-Benz 190 engine[4] |
| 1958–1965 | CA72 |  | 1955 Imperial C-69 sedan[10] |
| 1966–1981[11] | CA770 series |  | 1960s Imperial |
| 1972–1979 | CA774 | _774.jpg) | Five prototypes were built with the intent of replacing the Hongqi CA770. No series production. |
| 1980–1987 | CA630 | A bus designed as VIP transport for the government, state-owned high-end hotels and travelling agencies. 19 seater load capacity, fitted with a 4.5 litre V8 engine producing 165 horsepower paired to a 4 speed manual gearbox.[43] | |
| 1982–1984 | CA750 CA760 | A sedan made by Hongqi withDatsun 280C styling cues. Was produced to compete with theShanghai SH760. A long wheelbase version was also available as the CA760 with only one made.[44] | |
| 1987 | CA750F CA760 | Dodge 600, did not enter production | |
| 1989 | CA7225LH | Audi 100 | |
| 1992–1995 | CA7560 CA7560LH (LWB) | few examples built, modernized 770.[45] | |
| 1993–1996 | CA7221L | Audi 100 | |
| 1993–1998 | CA1021U3 pickup | Audi 100 | |
| 1995–1997 | CA7465C8 | Lincoln Town Car[46] | |
| 1996–2004[47][48] | CA7200[49] CA7220[47] |  | Audi 100[49] |
| 1996–2005[50] | CA5020XJB CA7228L CA7226L[50] |  | Audi 100[49] |
| 1997 | CA7220EL1 | Audi 100 | |
| 1997 | CA7220L1 | Audi 100 | |
| 1998 | CA7240L | Audi 100 | |
| 1998 | CA7200E3L CA7247L | Audi 100 | |
| 1998–2005[51] | CA7460 CA7460L1 CA7460L2 CA7460L3[51] (Flagship 旗舰) |  | Lincoln Town Car[51] |
| 1998 | CA7220A9EL1 CA7220A9EL2 CA7220A9EL2A2 | Audi 100 | |
| 1999 | CA7220A9E | Audi 100 | |
| 2000–2006[4] | CA7202E3 CA7242E6 (Century Star 世纪星) |  | Audi 100 |
| 2000–2005 | CA7203E3L (Century Star 世纪星) | Audi 100 | |
| 2001–2003[52] | CA7180A2E CA7180A3E (Mingshi 明仕) | 
| Audi 100 |
| 2001–2003 | CA7180A2EL1 (Mingshi 明仕) | Audi 100 | |
| 2001-2005 | CA7202E3L1 CA7202E6L1 (Century Star 世纪星) | Audi 100 | |
| 2001–2005 | CA7202A9EL3 CA7202A9EL2 (Century Star 世纪星) | Audi 100 | |
| 2002–2005 | CA7202E6L (Century Star 世纪星) | Audi 100 | |
| 2004 | CA7400 (Flagship 旗舰) | Remake of the Hongqi CA770 with a lowered roofline based on the1998–2011 Lincoln Town Car. Prototype only | |
| 2006–2010[53] | HQ3[54] Shengshi[6] (盛世 Days of Prosperity) |  | Toyota Crown Majesta[8] |
| 2009 | HQE |  | |
| 2009 | CA7600J |
Hongqi will sometimes make an appearance at autoshows held on Chinese soil, showing off a concept car that attracts attention.
At the 2005 Shanghai International Auto Exhibition, a Hongqi HQDconcept car was displayed.[55]
A Hongqi SUV concept was unveiled at the 2007 Beijing International Automotive Exhibition.[56]
At the 2015 Shanghai International Auto Exhibition, Hongqi displayed a concept SUV radically different from its 2007 entry.[57]
At the 2018 Beijing International Auto Exhibition, Hongqi unveiled the electric sports carE-Jing GT Concept.[58]
At the 2019 Frankfurt Motor Show, Hongqi unveiled the sports carS9 and the SUVE115.[59]
At the 2021 Shanghai International Auto Exhibition, Hongqi unveiled the luxury limousineL-Concept.[60]
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Not strictly a concept car, the V12-poweredHongqi HQE was used by high-ranking officialHu Jintao during parades celebrating the 60th anniversary of thePeople's Republic of China.[7] It appeared on an official list of upcoming models in 2010 with a retail price of 1.2 million US dollars (which would have made it the most expensive Chinese-built car in history).[61] This model has since been shown at the 2010 Beijing Auto Show as the CA7600L.[62] It is equipped with a 300 kW (408 PS; 402 hp) 6.0 L V12 engine developed in-house.[62]
Similarly to the HQE, TheHongqi S9, is not strictly a concept car, it is set to start production in Italy withSilk-FAW,[63] a joint venture between the FAW group and American based design firm Silk EV. the S9 is luxury sports car powered by a combustion 4.0 L twin-turbo V8 engine associated with a hybrid system, providing it with an output of 1,381 hp. The production version of the S9 was introduced in 2021 Auto Shanghai.[64][65][66]
Five door SUV, quad-motor 1300hp PHEV, triple differential lock, 85 litre fuel tank, 65kWh battery, 7kW V2L, lidar.[69]
Hongqi and another FAW Group brand,Bestune, have exhibited some overlap. In 2007, due to flagging sales, Hongqishowrooms were merged with those of the new Besturn brand.[70] It was thought that giving the Hongqi brand more sales outlets would increase turnover.[71] At the 2010Beijing Auto Show, Besturn models were shown "under the Hongqi naming series,"[72] and until 2011 the two brands both used the Hongqi "circled one" badging.[73]
A total of 2,534 Hongqi vehicles were sold in China in 2013, making it the 67th largest-selling car brand in the country in that year (and the 41st largest-selling Chinese brand).[74] Hongqi sold 2,774 cars in 2014 and became the 72nd largest car brand in China.[75]
In January 2022, the 2022 China FAW and Hongqi Brand News Annual Conference was held. Data showed that the company's Hongqi brand sales exceeded 300,000 units in 2021, a year-on-year increase of 50.1%, ranking first among the second camp of luxury car brands in the Chinese market. Its growth rate ranks first among luxury car brands.[76]
On January 1, 2024, the retail sales of the Hongqi brand in 2023 exceeded 370,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 29.5%, with positive growth for 6 consecutive years, and its market share ranked first among Chinese brands in the China ICE vehicle market with more than 150,000 yuan.[77]
Hongqi has had a presence in Dubai since December 2018, with 20 vehicles of the H5 and H7 models sold for use in the 2019 NEXT summit.[78]
On December 30, 2020, Hongqi exported 400 H9 and H5 sedans, HS7 and HS5 SUVs to Jeddah in Saudi Arabia.[79]
In September 2021, Hongqi has launched in Norway.[80]
On February 1, 2022, Hongqi launched in Vietnam with the E-HS9 and H9 being the first vehicle to be sold.[81] Hongqi has a presence in Israel as of April 6, 2022 with the launch of the Hongqi E-HS9 under the Samelet Group.[82]
In December 2022, Hongqi launched in Denmark with the E-HS9.[83]
In January 2023, Hongqi launched in Sweden with the E-HS9.[84] Due to poor sales, the model received a significant price cut (300,000SEK or appx 30,000USD) half a year later.[85]
A 1978 Hongqi CA770 was featured in a 2017 episode ofJay Leno's Garage.[86]
The Hongqi L5 was reviewed byJeremy Clarkson in a 2019 film forThe Grand Tour taking place in China. Armed with western luxury cars, Clarkson and the other presenters sought to prove that Anglo luxury cars are inferior through a series of performance challenges.[87]
Honqgi E-HS9 was widely reviewed by European and American motor publications, for exampleAutoWeek [nl],[88]Autocar,[89]InsideEVs,[90] Motor Norge,[91]Norsk elbilforening [no],[92]Bil Magasinet [da],[93]SvD,[94]DagensPS [sv],[95]Teknikens Värld.[96]
China's oldest carmaker is set to bring two EVs to our shores in 2026
Two Hongqi (or Red Flag) L5 cars arrived in Auckland, New Zealand recently, according to a verified account from Adelaide SA Radio Stations on Sina Weibo. ... In a report by Guancha.cn, Zhao Zhenyu, a senior diplomat said that there was no previous case of Chinese leaders shipping special vehicles for use in foreign countries as far as he knew. "The guest should follow the convenience of the host," is an internationally common practice. But leaders in the US and Russia usually deliver their limousines to the country they visit, according to the report.
Xi spoke to media as he swung through New Zealand at the end of a month of courting international leaders. ... His motorcade, featuring the distinctive Red Flag limousine, drove past both supporters and protesters ...
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