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Help:IPA/Slovak

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
<Help:IPA
This is thepronunciation key forIPA transcriptions of Slovak on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Slovak in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishingconsensus on thetalk page first.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Slovak

The charts below show the way in which theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) representsSlovak language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, seeTemplate:IPA andWikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

SeeSlovak phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Slovak.

Consonants
IPAExamplesEnglish approximation
bbyť,vstup do[1]bill
c[2]radosť,loď[3]stew
ddomov,prvýkrát bolo[1]door
ffarba,vták[4]focus
ɡgaráž,kde[1]go
ɦhlavaahead
jjogurtyellow
ɟ[2]ďaleko,byť zaradený[1]dew
kkoláč,ping-pong[3]scan
lláska[5]pill
l̩vlklittle
l̩ːvĺčalittle left (long)
ʎľad[5]failure
mmaslo,hanba[6]milk
nnoc[6]now
ɲlaňcanyon
ppavúk,dub[3]spill
rrobotUSatom
r̩prst
r̩ːvŕbaSpanishperro
sslnko,mráz[3]six
ʂšach,rúž[3]shell
ttulipán,hlad[3]stand
tscena,jedz[3]bats
tʂčlovek,hádž[3]chase
ʋsever[4]betweenvine andwine
xchlieb,snehScottishloch
zzima,ananás bol[1]zoo
ʐžena,Aleš bol[1]fusion
Marginal consonants
dzhádzať,noc bez[1]heads
dʐdžbán,cárovič bol[1]job
ɣvrh guľou[1]Spanishamigo
ɱinformácia[6]comfort
ŋbanka[6]sing
vvzrast,[4]Adolf bol[1]vine
wpravda,krv,[4]Tatrouwine
Vowels[7]
IPAExamplesEnglish approximation
Monophthongs
amatkaart
aːránofather
ɛɐmäso[8]Americanthan;GermanHerz
edrevotraditionalRPleft
itri,syrkit
iːpísať,výrleave
ɔdomoff
uružabull
uːúrodafool
Marginal monophthongs
eːfénIndianmaid
ɔːmódaRPlaw
Diphthongs
ɪɐpiatyyap; GermanWirt
ɪevierayes
ʊɔstôlwarrior
Marginal diphthongs
ɪuvyššiuuse
 
Suprasegmentals
IPAExamplesExplanation
ˈRevúca[ˈreʋuːtsa]primarystress (always falling on the first syllable of a word)
.Mária[ˈmaːri.a][9]syllabification

Notes

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  1. ^abcdefghijApart from being the main realization of the phonemes/b,d,ɟ,dz,dʐ,ɡ,z,ʐ/,[b,d,ɟ,dz,dʐ,ɡ,z,ʐ] also occur as allophones of/p,t,c,ts,tʂ,k,s,ʂ/ before the voiced obstruents/b,d,ɡ,ɟ,dʐ,z,ʐ,ɦ/./f/ and/x/ are also voiced in this environment, to[v] and[ɣ].
  2. ^abPavlík (2004), pp. 99, 106.
  3. ^abcdefghApart from being the main realization of the phonemes/k,p,s,ʂ,t,c,ts,tʂ/,[k,p,s,ʂ,t,c,ts,tʂ] also occur as word-final allophones of/ɡ,b,z,ʐ,d,ɟ,dz,dʐ/ unless the following word starts with any of the voiced obstruents/b,d,ɡ,ɟ,dʐ,z,ʐ,ɦ/ and is pronounced without a pause, in which case they are realized as voiced[ɡ,b,z,ʐ,d,ɟ,dz,dʐ].
  4. ^abcdThe phones transcribed[f,v,ʋ,w] are allophones of a single/v/ phoneme (but note that[f,v] are also allophones of the/f/ phoneme):
    •[f] occurs word-initially before the voiceless obstruents/p,t,c,k,tʂ,s,ʂ,x/;
    •[v] occurs word-initially before the voiced obstruents/b,d,ɟ,ɡ,dʐ,z,ʐ,ɦ/;
    •[w] or[ʋ] (in our transcriptions always represented as[w]) occur in the syllablecoda;
    •[ʋ] occurs in all other cases (Hanulíková & Hamann (2010:374)).
  5. ^abThe/l–ʎ/ contrast is neutralized before front vowels, when only thealveolar/l/ occurs. The neutralization is taken further in western dialects in which thealveolo-palatal/ʎ/ merges with the alveolar/l/ in all environments (Hanulíková & Hamann (2010:374)).
  6. ^abcdNasals alwaysassimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Beforevelar consonants they are[ŋ], and beforelabial consonants they are[m]; the labiodental[ɱ] appears before/f/ and/v/. Orthographic⟨n⟩ before⟨p⟩ and⟨b⟩ is rare and is confined mostly to loanwords.
  7. ^In the majority of cases only one long vowel per word may occur. The phonemic diphthongs/ɪɐ,ɪe,ɪu,ʊɔ/ count as long vowels.
  8. ^[ɛɐ] is a phonological monophthong, usually transcribed with ⟨æ⟩ in phonemic transcription. However, for speakers that distinguish it from/e/, it is clearly an opening diphthong (Pavlík 2004:94).
  9. ^Syllable breaks are indicated only in the case of the sequences[i.a],[i.e] and[i.u], which occur in loanwords and are spelled the same as the native diphthongs[ɪɐ,ɪe,ɪu]. In the case of otherhiatuses, the syllable break is omitted.

References

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See also

[edit]
Comparisons
Introductory guides
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