Haplogroup V derives from the HV0a subclade ofhaplogroup HV. In 1998 it was argued that V spread over Europe from an Ice Age refuge inIberia.[3] However more recent estimates of the date of V would place it in theNeolithic.[1]
Haplogroup V is a relatively rare mtDNA haplogroup, occurring in around 4% of native Europeans.[5] Its highest concentration is among theSaami people of northernFennoscandia (~59%). It has been found at a frequency of approximately 10% among the Maris of the Volga-Ural region, leading to the suggestion that this region might be the source of the V among the Saami.[6][7] Haplogroup V has been observed at higher than average levels amongCantabrian people (15%) of northernIberia,[8] and among the adjacentBasque (10.4%).[9]
MtDNA haplogroup V has been reported in Neolithic remains of theLinear Pottery culture at Halberstadt, Germany c. 5000 BC[14] and Derenburg Meerenstieg, Germany c. 4910 BC.[15] Haplogroup V7 was found in representativeMaykop culture samples in the excavations conducted byAlexei Rezepkin.[16] Haplogroup V has been detected in representatives Trypil'ska and Unetice culture.[17][18]
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup V subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred KayserUpdated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[2] and subsequent published research.
V
V1
V1a found mostly from central to northeast Europe
V1a1 found in Scandinavia (including Lapland), Finland and Baltic countries
^S. Plaza; F. Calafell; A. Helal; N. Bouzerna; G. Lefranc; J. Bertranpetit; D. Comas (July 2003). "Joining the Pillars of Hercules: mtDNA Sequences Show Multidirectional Gene Flow in the Western Mediterranean".Annals of Human Genetics.67 (4):312–328.doi:10.1046/j.1469-1809.2003.00039.x.PMID12914566.S2CID11201992.
^Fadhlaoui-Zid K, Plaza S, Calafell F, Ben Amor M, Comas D, Bennamar El gaaied A (May 2004). "Mitochondrial DNA heterogeneity in Tunisian Berbers".Annals of Human Genetics.68 (Pt 3):222–33.doi:10.1046/j.1529-8817.2004.00096.x.PMID15180702.S2CID6407058.
^W. Haak et al., Ancient DNA from the First European Farmers in 7500-Year-Old Neolithic Sites,Science, vol. 310, no. 5750 (2005), pp. 1016-1018.
^W. Haak, et al., Ancient DNA from European Early Neolithic Farmers Reveals Their Near Eastern Affinities,PLOS Biology, vol. 8, no.11 (November 2010), e1000536.
^A. V. Nedoluzhko,E. S. Boulygina,A. S. Sokolov,S. V. Tsygankova,N. M. Gruzdeva,A. D. Rezepkin,E. B. Prokhortchouk. Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genome of a Novosvobodnaya Culture Representative using Next-Generation Sequencing and Its Relation to the Funnel Beaker Culture
