Hațeg | |
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 Hațeg panorama | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location in Hunedoara County | |
  Hațeg Location in Romania | |
| Coordinates:45°36′27″N22°57′0″E / 45.60750°N 22.95000°E /45.60750; 22.95000 | |
| Country | Romania |
| County | Hunedoara |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2020–2024) | Adrian-Emilian Pușcaș[1] (PNL) |
Area | 64.33 km2 (24.84 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 315 m (1,033 ft) |
| Population (2021-12-01)[2] | 8,793 |
| • Density | 140/km2 (350/sq mi) |
| Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
| Postal code | 335500 |
| Area code | +(40) 0254 |
| Vehicle reg. | HD |
| Website | primariehateg |
Hațeg (Romanian:[ˈhatseɡ];German:Wallenthal;Hungarian:Hátszeg) is a town inHunedoara County,Romania with a population of 8,793 as of 2021. Three villages are administered by the town: Nălațvad (Nalácvád), Silvașu de Jos (Alsószilvás), and Silvașu de Sus (Felsőszilvás). It is situated in the southwestern reaches of the historical region ofTransylvania.
The town is the center of the ethnocultural and historical region ofȚara Hațegului. It lies at an altitude of 315 m (1,033 ft), on the banks of theRâul Galben. Hațeg is located in the south-central part of Hunedoara County, 37 km (23 mi) south of the county seat,Deva.Hațeg Island, a large island that existed in theTethys Ocean during the lateCretaceous period and the giant pterosaur that lived on the island,Hatzegopteryx are named after the town.
Hațeg is mentioned for the first time in theDiploma of the Joannites of 1247 as a possession of Vlach voivodeLitovoi, granted fromKing Béla IV of Hungary.[3] In 1360 it is mentioned as the seat of aRomanian district.[4]
In 1765, while part of theHabsburg controlledPrincipality of Transylvania, the settlement was completely militarised and integrated into the Second Border Company of the First Border Regiment fromOrlat, until 1851, when that unit was disbanded.[citation needed]
Prior to WWII, Hațeg was home to a thriving Jewish community comprising both Ashkenazi and Sephardim Jews, and featured at least one synagogue.[5] During the Second World War, antisemitic policies of the Antonescu dictatorship resulted in the confiscation of Jewish properties, forced labour and extortion of the Jewish communities.[6]
In 1940, all of the Jewish residents of Hațeg were rounded up and housed in one location, and all of their possessions were confiscated. By the end of World War II, only 30 Jewish residents remained.[7]
Țara Hațegului (theHațeg Country) is the region around the town of Hațeg. The fossils found in the Hațeg area span over 300 million years of Earth's geologic history, showing tropical coral reefs and volcanic island in theTethys Sea,dinosaurs, primitive mammals, birds, andPterosaurs (such asHatzegopteryx, which was named for the region).
Hațeg Island was an island during theCretaceousPeriod where a dwarf species ofsauropod dinosaur,Magyarosaurus dacus, lived until their extinction at the end of theCretaceous. BaronFranz Nopcsa published articles about theseMesozoic-eraarchosaurs on Hațeg Island. His studies led to his theory ofinsular dwarfism, the notion that "limited resources" on small islands can lead to a downsizing of the indigenousvertebrate animals.[8]
Since 2015 the area has been anUNESCO Global Geopark.[9]
According to the first ethnic census of 1850, the town had 1,194 inhabitants, 915 of them beingRomanians, 92Roma, 77Hungarians, 62Germans (more specificallyTransylvanian Saxons), and 48 ofother ethnicities.[10] According to the2011 census, Hațeg had 9,685 inhabitants, of which 93.15% were Romanians, 1.6% Hungarians, 1,1% of other ethnicities, and unknown for 4,14% of the population.[10] At the2021 census, the town had a population of 8,793; of those, 90.88% were Romanians and 7.61% of unknown ethnicities.[11]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 915 | — |
| 1880 | 1,808 | +97.6% |
| 1900 | 2,367 | +30.9% |
| 1912 | 3,124 | +32.0% |
| 1930 | 3,383 | +8.3% |
| 1948 | 3,210 | −5.1% |
| 1956 | 3,853 | +20.0% |
| 1966 | 5,631 | +46.1% |
| 1977 | 8,423 | +49.6% |
| 1992 | 11,616 | +37.9% |
| 2002 | 12,507 | +7.7% |
| 2011 | 9,685 | −22.6% |
| 2021 | 8,793 | −9.2% |
| Source: Census data | ||
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Hațeg travel guide from Wikivoyage| International | |
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| National | |
| Geographic | |
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