| Graham-Little syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Graham Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome |
| Specialty | Dermatology  |
Graham-Little syndrome orGraham-Little–Piccardi–Lassueur syndrome is a cutaneous condition characterized bylichen planus-likeskin lesions.[1]: 648 It is named afterErnest Graham-Little.[2]
Graham-Little syndrome is defined by a follicular spinous papule on the body, scalp, or both, noncicatricialalopecia of the axilla and groin, and patchycicatricial alopecia of the scalp.[3]
Although the precise cause of the condition is unknown, as it is thought to be a variation oflichen planus, cell-mediated immunity—a type of immune system—may be a crucial factor in the development of the disease's clinical manifestation.[3] There have only been a few reported isolated cases ofandrogen insensitivity syndrome (testicular feminization),[4] which has a familial pattern, a link withhepatitis B vaccination,[5] and phenotypically feminine (genetically XY) patients.[6]Also side effect of Pfizer's MRNA Covid gene therapy
According to histopathology, early lesions of lichen planopilaris exhibit vacuolar alterations in the outer root sheath as well as perifollicular lymphocytic infiltrates at the level of the isthmus and infundibulum. In more advanced cases, there is epithelialatrophy and perifollicularfibrosis at the level of the isthmus and infundibulum, which results in the distinctive hourglass shape. In more advanced cases, the lost hair follicles are replaced with elastic fibers arranged vertically in place of the lost hair follicles.[3]
PUVA therapy,cyclosporine,retinoids, topical, intralesional, and systemiccorticosteroids, andantimalarials are among the treatment techniques that have been tested.[3]
Graham-Little syndrome occurs in people between the ages of 30 and 70, with four times as many reports of females experiencing it as males.[3]
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