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Google PageSpeed is a family of tools byGoogle, Inc.[1] designed to helpoptimize website performance.[2] It was introduced at aDeveloper Conference in 2010.[3][4]There are four main components of PageSpeed family tools:
ThePageSpeed Modules are theopen-sourceApache HTTP Server orNginx web server modules, which automatically apply chosen filters to pages, associated assets (likestylesheets,JavaScript, andHTML files), as well as to images andwebsite cache requirements. These modules do not require modifications to existing content or workflow,[8] meaning that all internal optimizations and changes to files are made on the server side, and present modified files directly to the user. Each of the 40+ filters corresponds to one of Google's web performance best practices rules.
Since the PageSpeed module is anopen-source library, it is frequently updated by numerous developers worldwide. It can be deployed by any individual site,hosting providers, orCDNs.[9]
The installation can be done in two ways: from packages or built from source on the following supported platforms:
Other servers that offer a PageSpeed optimization module based on Google's Page Speed SDK:
PageSpeed module filters are settings, based on which a web page optimization rule is applied. They can be divided into five main categories:
The PageSpeed Module showed the most significant impact on decreasing web page loading times, payload size, and number of requests compared to other industry options. According to several researchers, 'mod_pagespeed' can reduce loading times by up to 80%, the number of bytes on a wire can be decreased by 30%, and the number of total requests can drop by over 20%. Since many search engines, including Google, employ a ranking algorithm that is affected by a page's loading speed, these optimizations can impact a website's placement in search results.[12][13] As of February 2015, Google has begun testing “Slow” labels on mobile devices[14] for websites that exceed a certain amount of loading time, prompting developers to examine ways to increase a page's load speed.
Google estimates that for every delay in mobile page load time, the conversion rate drops by 20%.[15]
PageSpeed Insights (PSI) is a free tool from Google that analyzes the performance of a web page on both mobile and desktop devices. It provides suggestions on how to improve the page's speed and overall user experience.
Data and Metrics
PSI utilizestwo main types of data:
Real-User Experience Data
PSI leverages CrUX data to provide insights into real user experiences. It reports on various metrics over a 28-day period, including:
PSI classifies these metrics into three categories based on Web Vitals thresholds: Good, Needs Improvement, and Poor.
Core Web Vitals
A subset of the field data metrics,Core Web Vitals, are critical for a good user experience. These include LCP, INP, and CLS. PSI analyzes these metrics to determine if a page meets the Core Web Vitals assessment criteria. These are also used as aSEO ranking signal.
Lab Diagnostics
PSI usesLighthouse to analyze a web page in a simulated environment. It provides scores and recommendations for various categories like Performance, Accessibility, Best Practices, and SEO. The Performance category includes metrics like FCP, LCP, CLS, and Time to Interactive, each with scores and improvement suggestions.
Overall, PSI is a valuable tool for website owners and developers to identify performance bottlenecks and improve the user experience of their web pages.
Pagespeed extension is anextension of Chrome Browser and is a part ofGoogle Chrome Developer Tools. Visitors who use PageSpeed regularly can view all given metrics by PageSpeed Insights directly in a browser and download webpage resources, optimized according to web performance best practices. It has now been deprecated[16] and Google recommends the online version be used instead.
PageSpeed service was a commercial product, provided by Google Inc. The service was offered free of charge since it was still officially in beta version. Service included all Pagespeed Module optimizations and use of Google servers’ infrastructure.[17] Google announced the deprecation of PageSpeed service on 5 May 2015[18] and turned it off on 3 August 2015.[19]
PageSpeed is now a critical tool for businesses looking to rank their website on search engines organically, given that 47% of users abandon websites that take longer than 2 seconds to load.[20]
