Polish generation born soon after Poland's independence in 1918
TheGeneration of Columbuses (Polish :Pokolenie Kolumbów ,[pɔ.kɔˈlɛ.ɲɛ kɔˈlum.buf] World War II .
The term was coined byRoman Bratny [pl ] in his 1957 novelKolumbowie. Rocznik 20 [pl ] Christopher Columbus , Bratny described the entire generation of Poles as the ones who "discovered Poland". The term is generally applied to youngintelligentsia , but also includes all young people who, instead of living a traditional young adulthood, had tofight against foreign occupation andstudy at secret universities .
Among the notable people commonly associated with the generation are:
Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński , acatastrophist poet who was killed in theWarsaw Uprising Władysław Bartoszewski Miron Białoszewski , a poet and a writerTeresa Bogusławska , a poet, arrested by the Gestapo and imprisoned in thePawiak ; died ofmeningitis in 1945Wacław Bojarski , a wartime poet and journalist of underground newspapers, died 1943Tadeusz Borowski , a poet and writer who survivedAuschwitz-Birkenau and theDachau concentration camp only to commit suicide in 1951Roman Bratny [pl ] , writer; author of his 1957 novelKolumbowie. Rocznik 20 [pl ] Olgierd Budrewicz [pl ] , journalist andVarsavianist [pl ] Grażyna Chrostowska , a poet, activist of the Polish underground; deported to the Ravensbrück concentration camp and executedJerzy Ficowski , poet, journalist, ethnologist, pioneer of research on post-war Jewish and Romani life in PolandTadeusz Gajcy , a poet, killed in the Warsaw UprisingStanisław Grzesiuk Zbigniew Herbert Gustaw Herling-Grudziński Krystyna Krahelska , a girl-guide, poet and singer, model for the monument of theWarsaw's Siren , killed in the Warsaw UprisingStanisław Lem Stanisław Likiernik [pl ] Wojciech Mencel [pl ] , a poet killed in the Warsaw UprisingWłodzimierz Pietrzak , an art critic and author, killed in the Warsaw UprisingJan Romocki , a scouting instructor and poet, died in the Warsaw UprisingTadeusz Różewicz Stanisław Staszewski Zdzisław Stroiński [pl ] , a poet killed in the Warsaw UprisingJózef Szczepański , a poet killed in the Warsaw UprisingAndrzej Szczypiorski Andrzej Trzebiński , a poet, dramatist and novelist, arrested by the Germans and shot to death in 1943Karol Wojtyła , Pope John Paul II (1978–2005)Neubauer, John; Cornis-Pope, Marcel, eds. (2006).History of the literary cultures of East-Central Europe: junctures and disjunctures in the 19th and 20th centuries. Volume II ISBN 978-90-272-3452-0 Klimaszewski, Bolesław; Mroczek, Krystyna, eds. (1984).An outline history of Polish culture 339– 343.ISBN 978-83-223-2036-5 Haltof, Marek (2002).Polish national cinema ISBN 978-1-57181-275-9 Likiernik, Stanisław (2001).By devil's luck: a tale of heroic resistance in wartime Warsaw ISBN 978-1-84018-397-9 Likiernik, Stanisław; Wójcik, Michał; Marat, Emil (2014).Made in Poland: opowiada jeden z ostatnich żołnierzy Kedywu, Stanisław Likiernik (metadata at wielkalitera.pl) . Warszawa: Wielka Litera.ISBN 978-83-64142-53-6 the original on 12 September 2018. 
