| Provincia Galatia Ἐπαρχία Γαλατίας | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Province of theRoman Empire | |||||||||||
| 25 BC–7th century | |||||||||||
.svg) | |||||||||||
| Capital | Ancyra | ||||||||||
| Historical era | Classical Antiquity | ||||||||||
• Annexation byAugustus | 25 BC | ||||||||||
• Theme of the Anatolics established | 7th century | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
| Today part of | Turkey | ||||||||||
Galatia (/ɡəˈleɪʃə/) was the name of aprovince of theRoman Empire inAnatolia (modern centralTurkey). It was established by the first emperor,Augustus (sole rule 30 BC – 14 AD), in 25 BC, covering most of formerly independentCeltic Galatia, with its capital atAncyra.
Under theTetrarchy reforms ofDiocletian, its northern and southern parts were split to form the southern part of the province ofPaphlagonia and the province ofLycaonia, respectively.
In c. 398 AD, during the reign ofArcadius, it was divided into the provinces ofGalatia Prima andGalatia Secunda orSalutaris. Galatia Prima covered the northeastern part of the old province, retainingAncyra as its capital and was headed by aconsularis. Salutaris comprised the southwestern half of the old province and was headed by apraeses, with its seat atPessinus. Both provinces were part of theDiocese of Pontus. The provinces were briefly reunited in 536–548 underJustinian I. Although the area was eventually incorporated in the newthema ofAnatolikon in the latter half of the 7th century, traces of the old provincial administration survived until the early 8th century.
(List based on Bernard Rémy,Les carrières sénatoriales dans les provinces romaines d'Anatolie au Haut-Empire (31 av. J.-C. - 284 ap. J.-C.) (Istanbul: Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 1989).)
(Between AD 70 and AD 111 Galatia was combined with Cappadocia. The governors for those years can be found atList of Roman governors of Cappadocia.)
According to the canons of theCouncil of Chalcedon (451) and theSynecdemus of Hierocles (c. 531), the province of Galatia Prima hadAncyra as itsmetropolitan see, with sixsuffragan sees:Tavium,Aspona,Kinna,Lagania or Anastasiopolis,Mnizos andJuliopolis.[1][2]
According to the canons of the Council of Chalcedon and theSynecdemus, the province of Galatia Secunda hadPessinus as itsmetropolitan see, with eight suffragan sees:Orkistos,Petinessos,Amorium,Klaneos (absent in Chalcedon),Troknades,Eudoxias,Myrika andGerma or Myriangelon.[3] Pessinus sank into decay whenJustinianopolis was founded in the mid-6th century and eventually the metropolitan see was transferred there, while retaining his title.[4]
