Farther Pomerania Pomorze Tylne | |
|---|---|
 Farther Pomerania in 1800 (in yellow) | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Historical region | Pomerania |
| Largest city | Koszalin |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Highways |     |
Farther Pomerania,Hinder Pomerania,Rear Pomerania orEastern Pomerania (Polish:Pomorze Tylne;German:Hinterpommern, Ostpommern), is a subregion of the historic region ofPomerania in north-westernPoland, mostly within theWest Pomeranian Voivodeship, while its easternmost parts are within thePomeranian Voivodeship.
It is the part of Pomerania which comprised the eastern part of theDuchy and laterProvince of Pomerania. It stretched roughly from theOder River in the West toPomerelia in the East. ThePolish termPomorze Zachodnie ("Western Pomerania") is colloquially used in contemporary Poland as a synonym for the West Pomeranian Voivodship whose borders do not match the historical ones; in Polish historical usage, it applied to all areas west ofPomerelia (i.e. to the entire narrowPomerania).
Farther Pomerania emerged as a subdivision of theDuchy of Pomerania inthe partition of 1532, then known asPomerania-Stettin (Szczecin) and already including the historical regionsPrincipality of Cammin (Kamień),County of Naugard (Nowogard),Land of Słupsk-Sławno, and with ties to theLębork and Bytów Land. After theBrandenburg-Swedish partition of Pomerania, Farther Pomerania became theBrandenburg-PrussianProvince of Pomerania (1653–1815). After the reorganization of thePrussianProvince of Pomerania in 1815, Farther Pomerania was administered asRegierungsbezirkKöslin (Koszalin). In 1938, northern part of the dissolvedGrenzmark Posen-West Prussia was merged in.
After Germany's defeat inWorld War II, the region became again part of Poland. The German population wasexpelled in accordance with thePotsdam Agreement and replaced with Polish citizens, many of whom wereexpellees themselves as well.
Before 1999, theSzczecin Voivodeship (1945–1998) and its spin-offsKoszalin Voivodeship (1950–1998) andSłupsk Voivodeship (1975–1998) roughly resembled the area of former Farther Pomerania. TheSzczecin andKoszalin Voivodeships were merged in 1999 and now constitute theWest Pomeranian Voivodeship, whileSłupsk Voivodeship was merged into thePomeranian Voivodeship.
The GermanprefixHinter- (cf.hinterland) denotes a location more distant from the speaker, and is the equivalent of "Hinder"/"Rear"/"Farther" in English andPosterior/Ulterior/Trans- in Latin (with the correspondingantonyms in German, English and Latin beingVor-, "Fore"/"Front"/"Hither" andAnterior/Citerior/Cis-, respectively).
The toponymPomerania comes fromSlavicpo more, which meansLand at the Sea.[1]Initially, Farther Pomerania referred to the areas beyond (i.e. lying east of)Pomerania-Wolgast, and the name eventually became adopted for areas east of Szczecin by the 16th century. When the 1648Peace of Westphalia and theTreaty of Stettin (1653) divided theDuchy of Pomerania into its Western,Swedish and EasternBrandenburgian parts,Farther Pomerania was used for the latter - in opposition toSwedishHither Pomerania (Vorpommern) includingStettin (Szczecin),Wollin (Wolin) and a strip of land east of the Oder River, ultimately limited to include two suburbs of Szczecin, namely the towns ofGollnow (Goleniów) andDamm/Alt-Damm/Altdamm (Dąbie). To the East, Farther Pomerania stretches to the border with Pomerelia, considered by the Polish historiography to be located on the riverŁeba.
In the post-1945 era, Farther Pomerania was affected by thePolish-German border shift. Before, it happened to be the Eastern part of German Pomerania (Pommern, consisting of Hither and Farther Pomerania), yet thereafter it became the Western part of Polish Pomerania (Pomorze, consisting of Pomerania and Pomerelia). As PolishPomorze has also been in use for Pomerelia, while Hither and Farther Pomerania are jointly referred to asWest Pomerania (Pomorze Zachodnie) in Poland, located predominantly in today'sWest Pomeranian Voivodeship, including Szczecin andWolin. However, this term is not being adopted by the Germans, as only Hither Pomerania is considered to be Western Pomerania, soFarther Pomerania is still in use.
There are four cities in Farther Pomerania, namely:
Towns of Farther Pomerania include:
In addition, the following towns are located in the historicalLębork and Bytów Land, thus being treated as part ofPomerelia/Gdańsk Pomerania by the Polish historiography, and as part of Farther Pomerania by the German historiography:
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Main regional museums are the Museum of Central Pomerania (Muzeum Pomorza Środkowego) inSłupsk, the Archaeological and Historical Museum (Muzeum Archeologiczno-Historyczne) inStargard, the Koszalin Museum (Muzeum w Koszalinie) and theDarłowo Museum (Muzeum w Darłowie).[15][16] The Museum of Central Pomerania in Słupsk is located at theDucal Castle and holds the world's biggest collection of paintings byStanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz.[17]
Perhaps more unusual museums include theMuseum of Polish Arms (Muzeum Oręża Polskiego) inKołobrzeg, which contains a collection of militaria related to the military of Poland from the Early Middle Ages to the present, and the Amber Museum (Muzeum Bursztynu) inJarosławiec.
Basketball is a particularly popular sport in Farther Pomerania, with several notable teams, i.e.Czarni Słupsk,Spójnia Stargard,AZS Koszalin andSKK Kotwica Kołobrzeg.
 Upper Saxon Circle (1512–1806) of the Holy Roman Empire | ||
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Circles est. 1500:Bavarian,Swabian,Upper Rhenish,Lower Rhenish–Westphalian,Franconian,(Lower) Saxon Circles est. 1512:Austrian,Burgundian,Upper Saxon,Electoral Rhenish · Unencircled territories See also:Ernestine duchies | ||
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