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Eta Aurigae

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Star in the constellation Auriga
"Haedus" redirects here. For Haedus I, seeZeta Aurigae.
η Aurigae
Location of η Aurigae (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
ConstellationAuriga
Right ascension05h 06m 30.89337s[1]
Declination+41° 14′ 04.1127″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V)3.18[2]
Characteristics
Spectral typeB3 V[3]
U−Bcolor index−0.66[4]
B−Vcolor index−0.18[4]
R−Icolor index−0.17
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+7.3[2] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: +31.45[1]mas/yr
Dec.: −67.87[1]mas/yr
Parallax (π)13.40±0.20 mas[1]
Distance243 ± 4 ly
(75 ± 1 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−1.18[5]
Details
Mass5.6±0.1[6] M
Radius3.64±0.10[6] R
Luminosity1,450±70[6] L
Surface gravity (log g)4.13 ± 0.04[7] cgs
Temperature18,660±230[6] K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)95[8] km/s
Age41±6[6] Myr
Other designations
Haedus, 10 Aurigae, η Aur,BD+41°1058,FK5 185,GC 6226,HD 32630,HIP 23767,HR 1641,SAO 40026[9]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Eta Aurigae (η Aurigae, abbreviatedEta Aur,η Aur), officially namedHaedus/ˈhdəs/,[10][11] is astar in thenorthernconstellation ofAuriga. With anapparent visual magnitude of 3.18,[2] it is visible to the naked eye. Based uponparallax measurements made during theHipparcos mission, this star is approximately 243light-years (75parsecs) distant from theSun.

Nomenclature

[edit]
η Aurigae in optical light

η Aurigae (Latinised toEta Aurigae) is the star'sBayer designation.

Along withZeta Aurigae it represents one of the kids of the she-goatCapella, from which it derived itsLatin traditional nameHaedus II orHoedus II, from the Latinhaedus "kid" (Zeta Aurigae was Haedus I). It also had the less common traditional nameMahasim, from theArabic المِعْصَمal-miʽşam "the wrist" (of the charioteer), which it shared withTheta Aurigae. In 2016, the IAU organized aWorking Group on Star Names (WGSN)[12] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the namesHaedus for Eta Aurigae andSaclateni for Zeta Aurigae A on 30 June 2017 and they are both now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.[11]

InChinese, (Zhù), meaningPillars, refers to anasterism consisting of Eta Aurigae,Epsilon Aurigae, Zeta Aurigae,Upsilon Aurigae,Nu Aurigae,Tau Aurigae,Chi Aurigae and26 Aurigae.[13] Consequently, theChinese name for Eta Aurigae itself is柱三 (Zhǔ sān, English:the Third Star of Pillars).[14]

Properties

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Since 1943, thespectrum of Eta Aurigae has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified.[3]

Eta Aurigae is larger than theSun, with more than five times theSun's mass and over three timesits radius.[6] The spectrum of this star matches astellar classification of B3 V,[3] which is aB-type main-sequence star that is generating its energy through thenuclear fusion ofhydrogen at its core. It is radiating 1,450 times theSun's luminosity from its outer atmosphere at aneffective temperature of18,660 K.[6] Based upon itsprojected rotational velocity of 95 km/s,[8] it is spinning with a rotation period of only 1.8 days.[15] Eta Aurigae is around 39 million years old.[16]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdevan Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction",Astronomy and Astrophysics,474 (2):653–664,arXiv:0708.1752,Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V,doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357,S2CID 18759600
  2. ^abcWielen, R.; et al. (1999), "Sixth Catalogue of Fundamental Stars (FK6). Part I. Basic fundamental stars with direct solutions",Veroeffentlichungen des Astronomischen Rechen-Instituts Heidelberg,35 (35), Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg: 1,Bibcode:1999VeARI..35....1W
  3. ^abcGarrison, R. F. (December 1993),"Anchor Points for the MK System of Spectral Classification",Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society,25: 1319,Bibcode:1993AAS...183.1710G, archived fromthe original on 2019-06-25, retrieved2012-02-04
  4. ^abCrawford, D. L.; Barnes, J. V.; Golson, J. C. (1971), "Four-color, H-beta, and UBV photometry for bright B-type stars in the northern hemisphere",The Astronomical Journal,76: 1058,Bibcode:1971AJ.....76.1058C,doi:10.1086/111220
  5. ^Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation",Astronomy Letters,38 (5): 331,arXiv:1108.4971,Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A,doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015,S2CID 119257644.
  6. ^abcdefgMaestro, V.; Che, X.; Huber, D.; Ireland, M. J.; Monnier, J. D.; White, T. R.; Kok, Y.; Robertson, J. G.; Schaefer, G. H.; Brummelaar, T. A. T.; Tuthill, P. G. (2013), "Optical interferometry of early-type stars with PAVO@CHARA - I. Fundamental stellar properties",Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,434 (2): 1321,arXiv:1306.5937,Bibcode:2013MNRAS.434.1321M,doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1092,S2CID 2361434
  7. ^Fitzpatrick, E. L.; Massa, D. (March 2005), "Determining the Physical Properties of the B Stars. II. Calibration of Synthetic Photometry",The Astronomical Journal,129 (3):1642–1662,arXiv:astro-ph/0412542,Bibcode:2005AJ....129.1642F,doi:10.1086/427855,S2CID 119512018
  8. ^abAbt, Helmut A.; Levato, Hugo; Grosso, Monica (July 2002), "Rotational Velocities of B Stars",The Astrophysical Journal,573 (1):359–365,Bibcode:2002ApJ...573..359A,doi:10.1086/340590
  9. ^"eta Aur -- Variable Star",SIMBAD,Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, retrieved2012-02-08
  10. ^Rumrill, H. B. (June 1936)."Star Name Pronunciation".Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.48 (283). San Francisco, California: 139.Bibcode:1936PASP...48..139R.doi:10.1086/124681.S2CID 120743052.
  11. ^ab"Naming Stars". IAU.org. Retrieved16 December 2017.
  12. ^"IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)". Retrieved22 May 2016.
  13. ^(in Chinese)中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005,ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.
  14. ^(in Chinese)香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表Archived January 29, 2011, at theWayback Machine, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  15. ^kaler, James B.,"HAEDUS II (Eta Aurigae)",Stars,University of Illinois, retrieved2012-02-09
  16. ^Lyubimkov, Leonid S.; et al. (June 2002), "Surface abundances of light elements for a large sample of early B-type stars - II. Basic parameters of 107 stars",Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,333 (1):9–26,Bibcode:2002MNRAS.333....9L,doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05341.x

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