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| Cremunés | |
|---|---|
| Cremonese | |
| Native to | Italy |
| Region | Cremona,Lombardy |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
Cremonese (Cremunés) is a dialect of theWestern Lombard dialect group spoken in the city and province ofCremona inLombardy,Italy, with the exception ofCrema and the area ofSoresina, where anEastern Lombard dialect is spoken,[2] and the area ofCasalmaggiore, where a form ofEmilian[3] closely related toParmigiano[citation needed] is spoken.
Being at the crossroad between the core areas of different Lombard varieties, Cremonese exhibits features from bothWestern Lombard andEastern Lombard, and a few which are typical of dialects spoken in the nearby region ofEmilia-Romagna. It is best classified within theSouthwestern Lombard group of dialects.
The Cremonese dialect of the Lombard language has 9 vowel qualities, which can be either phonemically long or short, without any difference in quality.
The following 18 phonemes occur in stressed environments: /i/ /iː/ /y/ /yː/ /e/ /eː/ /ø/ /øː/ /ɛ/ /ɛː/ /a/ /aː/ /ɔ/ /ɔː/ /o/ /oː/ /u/ /uː/.
Vowel length is contrastive in stressed syllables. For example, /'veːder/glass with a long /eː/ differs from /'veder/to see, with a short /e/.[4] This is a reflex of theProto-Romance rule of lengthening open syllables, which in Cremonese, has led to phonemic vowel length also being contrastive in penultimate-stressed words, as well as in monosyllabic words.[5]
In unstressed position, only the following 6 vowels occur: /i/ /e/ /ø/ /ɛ/ /a/ /u/.[citation needed]
The publication of theDizionario del dialetto cremonese in 1976 by theComitato promotore di studi e ricerche di dialettologia, storia e folklore cremonese outlined an orthography for Cremonese.
The orthography is a follows:
Vowel length is represented by doubling the vowel letter, with the acute or grave diacritic removed for the second <e> and <o> letters. The umlaut diacritic however is retained across both letters, thus <öö> for /øː/ and <üü> for /yː/.
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