Communist Party Partito Comunista | |
|---|---|
.svg) | |
| Secretary | Alberto Lombardo |
| President | Canzio Visentin |
| Founded | 3 July 2009; 15 years ago (2009-07-03) |
| Split from | Party of Italian Communists |
| Headquarters | Via Guasti di Santa Cecilia 1/b,Parma[1] |
| Newspaper | La Riscossa |
| Youth wing | Federation of the Communist Youth[2] |
| Overseas wing | Communist Party - Abroad Federation |
| Ideology | Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Hard Euroscepticism Sovereigntism |
| Political position | Far-left |
| National affiliation | Sovereign and Popular Italy (2022) Sovereign Popular Democracy (2023) |
| International affiliation | IMCWP World Anti-Imperialist Platform[3] |
| Colours | Red |
| Chamber of Deputies | 0 / 400 |
| Senate | 0 / 200 |
| European Parliament | 0 / 73 |
| Regional Councils | 0 / 897 |
| Website | |
| ilpartitocomunista.it | |
TheCommunist Party (Partito Comunista,PC) is ananti-revisionistMarxist–Leninistcommunist party inItaly, founded in 2009. It defines itself as "the revolutionary political vanguard organization of the working class in Italy".[4] It was a founding member of theInitiative of Communist and Workers' Parties (INITIATIVE) and remained as such from 2013 until the association's dissolution.[5]
The party was founded on 3 July 2009 byMarco Rizzo asCommunists – Popular Left (Comunisti – Sinistra Popolare). On 21 January 2012 the party changed its name toCommunists Popular Left – Communist Party (Comunisti Sinistra Popolare – Partito Comunista). On 17 January 2014 the party finally took the current name.
The PC presented its lists of candidates in some municipalities for the2016 Italian local elections.[6] At the2016 Italian constitutional referendum, the PC took the side of "No",[7] considering the constitutional reform as an attempt functionally driven by the interests of investors since it was clearly aimed at easing the anti-popular measures operated by governments.[8]
On 21 January 2017, it was held in Rome the II National Congress in which Rizzo was confirmed as general secretary.[9] On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of theTreaty of Rome on 25 March 2017, the PC organized in Rome a demonstration during the summit of European heads of the states, reaffirming its opposition to theEuropean Union (EU).[10] On 11 November 2017 the party organized a demonstration in Rome on the occasion of the hundredth anniversary of theOctober Revolution.[11]
On 26 May 2019 it participated in theEuropean elections, where it won 0.88% of the vote.[12] Exactly one month after theConte II Cabinet took office, the party organized a protest in Rome involving hundreds of people.[13] On 12 March 2020 theFront of Communist Youth, which had been affiliated with the Communist Party since its founding, split and ceased affiliation.[14]
In November 2021 senatorEmanuele Dessì, elected with theFive Star Movement, joined the party, giving it representation in theItalian Parliament.[15]
In the run-up of the2022 general election the party was a founding member ofSovereign and Popular Italy (ISP).
In January 2023 Rizzo was replaced byAlberto Lombardo as the party's general secretary.[16][17][18][19] In July 2024 Rizzo resigned from honorary president too.[20]
The PC is grounded onMarxism–Leninism. It assumes a political line openly revolutionary, supporting the need for the overthrow of the capitalist system and the transformation of Italy into a socialist country,[4] rejecting bothreformist andrevisionist theories. The PC stands for the unity of communists in Italy under a solid Marxist–Leninist vision and its watchwords.[21]
The PC refuses the merely electoral political practices that have characterized many communist parties and it considers the participation at the elections just as a mean to spread its ideas and strengthen its entrenchment on local contexts and not at all as the final goal of its political activity.[22]
With regards to the history of the communist movement in Italy, the PC recognizes as leading figuresAntonio Gramsci[23] andPietro Secchia[24] while it takes a highly critical stand onPalmiro Togliatti[25] andEnrico Berlinguer.[26] Unlike other Italian communist organizations, the PC welcomes the historical figure ofJoseph Stalin, though rejecting the definition of "stalinism". It considers such a definition politically meaningless since during Stalin's leadership there is no trace of elements of discontinuity or attempts of overcoming the Marxist–Leninist theory. Indeed, the PC reckons the instrumental use of the term Stalinism as a functionalanti-communist definition developed following the20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.[27]
In celebrating the memory of the liberation war, the PC holds that the ideas inspiring theItalian resistance movement have been widely betrayed by the bourgeois Italian Republic established just after the war although many partisans fought for social renewal and a socialist Italy. The PC underlines that the role of those communist fighters in the partisan armed struggle has been progressively diminished and concealed in contemporary historiography.[28]
The PC affirms that the EU is basically unreformable and therefore sustains the needs for an immediate and unilateral exit from the EU andNATO,[29] distancing likewise with "sovereignistic" positions.[30] The PC claims the historical opposition of theItalian Communist Party (PCI) to the EU, the only Italian party openly against the Treaty of Rome of 1957, sustaining that opposition to the EU will be perceived again as a communist watchword and it is misappropriated by the far-right (theItalian Social Movement voted in favor to the Treaty of Rome).[31] Party leader Marco Rizzo has criticized communist leaderEnrico Berlinguer due to, among many things, his support to the European Economic Community.[32]
The Communist Party is member of the Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties, organization of European Marxist–Leninist parties, of which it is a founding member.[5] It used to be the only Italian political force having solid and reciprocal relationships with theCommunist Party of Greece (KKE)[33] and theCommunist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE), though after PCPE's split and the formation of theCommunist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE), there has been no sign of contact between them.[34] Since 2022, the party has also cut ties from the KKE after a series of ideological differences were presented in an exchange of letters from both parties regarding the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and each party's definition of imperialism.
The PC maintains and develops relations with ruling parties in socialist countries, including theCommunist Party of Cuba[35] and theWorkers' Party of Korea.[36] It also has relations of solidarity withBolivarianVenezuela,[37] condemning the imperialists' campaign and the subversive efforts against the country, although remaining critical onsocialism of the 21st century since the PC affirms the needs for the final destruction of the bourgeois state-machine and its apparatus in order to actually establish socialism.
%2c_Popular_support_2019_European_Election.svg)
Support for the Communist Party is stronger in central Italy in particular inTuscany andUmbria (part of the "Red Belt"). The party ran in all the constituencies of Italy for the first time in the2019 European Parliament election. It made its best results in Tuscany (1.68%), in particular in theprovince of Livorno (2.82%) and in theprovince of Siena (1.89%), while it was weaker inSouth Tyrol (0.21%),Trentino (0.49%), andSicily (0.46%).[38]
 | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing theGraph extension, which will be known as theChart extension, can be found onPhabricator or on thedeployment timeline page. |
| Chamber of Deputies | |||||
| Election year | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 6,977 | 0.71[a] | 0 / 12 | – | Marco Rizzo |
| 2018 | 106,816 | 0.33 | 0 / 630 | – | Marco Rizzo |
| Senate of the Republic | |||||
| Election year | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 7,578 | 0.85[a] | 0 / 6 | – | Marco Rizzo |
| 2018 | 101,648 | 0.33 | 0 / 315 | – | Marco Rizzo |
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | EP Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Marco Rizzo | 235,467 (9th) | 0.88 | 0 / 76 | New | – |
| 2024 | IntoDSP | 0 / 76 |  0 | |||
| Region | Election year | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marche | 2020 | 8,182 (14th) | 1.31%[a] | 0 / 31 |
| Tuscany | 2020 | 16,962 (11th) | 1.05% | 0 / 35 |
| Emilia-Romagna | 2020 | 10,287 (12th) | 0.48[b] | 0 / 50 |
| Umbria | 2019 | 4,108 (12th) | 0.98 | 0 / 21 |
.svg)
.png)
