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| Cologne Zoological Garden Zoologischer Garten Köln | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Aerial view | |
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| 50°57′30″N06°58′24″E / 50.95833°N 6.97333°E /50.95833; 6.97333 | |
| Date opened | 1860 |
| Location | Cologne,North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany |
| Land area | 20 hectares (49 acres) |
| No. of species | 700+ |
| Memberships | EAZA,WAZA |
| Public transit access | 18Zoo/Flora |
| Website | www |
TheAktiengesellschaft Cologne Zoological Garden is thezoo ofCologne,Germany. Being the third oldest zoo in Germany, it features over 10,000 animals of more than 850species on more than 20hectares. The internationally renowned zoo with an attachedaquarium and invertebrate exhibit is active in preservational breeding of animals that are in danger of becoming extinct. In addition, in-the-wild conservation efforts and research focussing on animals ofMadagascar,Wallacea, andVietnam are actively promoted and supported via cooperation withCologne University and local projects, such as in the case ofPrzewalski's horses and thePsychedelic rock gecko captive breeding project.[1]
The zoo was founded in 1860 by a shareholding company organized by local citizens, with biologist Heinrich Bodinus appointed as the first director (who would later become a director of theBerlin Zoological Garden). The animal enclosures being built at the time were recognized by their ornate, detailed building designs, with the most notable being theelephant house (designed to resemble aMoorish temple), thebird house (designed to resemble a Russian cathedral), thesea lion pool, and thecattle and ox houses (designed to resemble Swisslog cabins).Carl Hagenbeck's enclosure design also influenced the layout of the zoo, as interpreted by naturalistic lookingbaboon andpolar bear rockwork exhibits built around 1914.
Initially, the zoo's financial track was a successful start, but the World Wars in Germany resulted in phases of stagnation.World War I and theGreat Depression resulted in economic losses and development slowdown, and many animals suffered from a lack of food supply. Shortly afterWorld War II the zoo had to close for two years entirely, after being heavily destroyed.[2][3]
After reopening in 1947, the zoo saw a wave of modernization and renovation of its old exhibits. In 1960, the existing area expanded from 11 to 18.8 hectares and the first education center in a European zoo three years later. From 1981 to 2012, several new exhibits considered revolutionary were constructed including agreat ape tropical house (1985),Southeast Asian rainforest house (2000), open-airAsian elephant enclosure, and West African-themedhippo andcrocodile house (2010), as well the development of a Friends of the Zoo Organization (Freunde des Kölner Zoos e. V.) in 1982 and the launch of the firstEuropean Endangered Species Programme in 1985.[2][3]
The great ape jungle house (Urwaldhaus) opened in 1985 as one of the first immersion exhibits in Europe. The enclosures mainly consist of swinging ropes, climbing bars, and various tropical plants to provide enrichment for the animals. Species housed includewestern lowland gorillas,orangutans,bonobos,pygmy marmosets,king colobus, andlion-tailed macaques.[3]
The baboon rock, which opened in 1914, houses a troop ofhamadryas baboons. The enclosure is a rocky island surrounded by a deepmoat. The daily feeding of the baboons is very popular with visitors.
The bird house which was built at the time of the zoo's founding now houses South American monkey species includingred howlers andgolden lion tamarins.[4]
Opened in 2000, this building houses animals native to the rainforests ofSoutheast Asia. The free-flight aviary in the exhibit includespalm cockatoos,blue-faced honeyeaters,Bali mynahs,fairy bluebirds,wrinkled hornbills,Black-naped fruit doves,Palawan peacock-pheasants,green peafowl,sailfin lizards,Southern crowned pigeons, andreticulated pythons. Other animals includeAsian small-clawed otters,northern Luzon giant cloud rats, andlar gibbons.
The newAsian elephant park[5] opened in 2004 to replace the old elephant and antelope house. Since its inception, the zoo has had successes in elephant breeding, with the latest calf being born in 2023.[6]
The hippo and crocodile houseHippodom, which opened in 2010, hascommon hippopotamuses,sitatunga antelopes, andNile crocodiles as the main attractions. Other species housed includeaardvarks,Rodrigues' flying foxes,hamerkops,hadada ibises,cattle egrets, andgrey parrots.
Opened in 1971, the aquarium is located outside the main zoo grounds and is home to the majority of the zoo'samphibian,reptile,fish, andinvertebrate collection. The most notable features include aninsectarium, acoral reef tank, aLake Tanganyika cichlid tank, aPhilippine crocodile exhibit, and aRhine panorama tank with various native fish.
In 1969, the zoo sought to acquire two youngmountain gorillas, Coco and Pucker, from Rwanda. The capture of these gorillas caused the deaths of 20 adult gorillas, who tried to defend them.Dian Fossey tried unsuccessfully to prevent the export.[7] They later died in 1978.
On October 10, 1985, male chimp Petermann and female chimp Susi escaped from their cage. They knocked down a zookeeper and attacked directorDr. Gunther Nogge, lifethreateningly injuring him by biting his head and his face. Subsequently, both were shot by the police; Petermann within the area of the zoo, Susi nearby, in the basement of a neighbouring house.
On March 6, 2012, a cheetah escaped its enclosure by jumping out of it. After strolling around the flamingo lake for 20 minutes, it returned to its enclosure by itself.
On May 25, 2012, the femaleAsian elephant Chumpol, who was imported fromThailand, was killed while in a socialization conflict with other members of the existing elephant herd.[8]
On August 25, 2012, theSiberian tiger Altai attacked his zookeeper and fatally injured her. The animal had entered through an open security lock into a covered part of his enclosure, which the zookeeper was cleaning. The cat was shot by director Theo Pagel with a rifle to allow rescue workers access to the carer.[9]
On March 15, 2022, a fire broke out in the Southeast Asian rainforest house, killing at least 130 animals.[10]
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