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Abasic law is either acodified constitution, or in countries withuncodified constitutions, a law designed to have the effect of a constitution. The termbasic law is used in some places as an alternative to "constitution" and may be intended as a temporary but necessary measure, until the formal enactment of a constitution. "Basic law" is sometimes used to avoid it being taken to be, like a constitution, "the highest law". There may be various reasons, such as religion, for this.
InWest Germany the term "Basic Law" (German:Grundgesetz) was used to indicate that the Basic Law was provisional until the ultimatereunification of Germany. However, when Germany finally reunified in 1990, no new constitutions were adopted and instead the Basic Law was adopted throughout the entire German territory.
TheSpecial Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China, namelyHong Kong andMacau, have basic laws as their constitutional documents. The basic laws are the highest authority, respectively, in the territories, while the rights of amendment and interpretation rest with theStanding Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China.
TheBasic Laws of Israel are fourteen quasi-constitutional laws of the State of Israel, were originally intended to be draft chapters of a future Israeli constitution, which has been indefinitely postponed since 1950.
Promulgated in 1992, theBasic Law of Saudi Arabia has nine chapters, consisting of 83 articles without a separatepreamble.[1] While theSaudi king exercisessovereign authority, the constitutional principles are explicitly tied toIslamic theology andSharia law.[1] Following the issuance of the basic law, an advisory consultative council was established in 1993.[2]
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