 | |
| Abbreviation | BFI |
|---|---|
| Predecessor | UK Film Council |
| Formation | 1933; 92 years ago (1933) |
| Type | Film, television charitable organisation |
| Headquarters | 21 Stephen Street, London, United Kingdom W1T 1LN |
Region served | United Kingdom |
Chair | Jay Hunt |
Chief Executive | Ben Roberts |
| Revenue | £127,827,000[1] (2022–23) |
| Website | www |
TheBritish Film Institute (BFI) is a film and television charitable organisation which promotes and preserves film-making and television in the United Kingdom. The BFI uses funds provided by theNational Lottery to encourage film production, distribution, and education. It is sponsored by theDepartment for Culture, Media and Sport,[2] and partially funded under theBritish Film Institute Act 1949.[3]
The BFI was established in 1933 to encourage the development of the arts of film, television and the moving image throughout the United Kingdom, to promote their use as a record of contemporary life and manners, to promote education about film, television and the moving image generally, and their impact on society, to promote access to and appreciation of the widest possible range of British andworld cinema and to establish, care for and develop collections reflecting the moving image history and heritage of the United Kingdom.[4]
The BFI maintains the world's largestfilm archive, theBFI National Archive, previously calledNational Film Library (1935–1955), National Film Archive (1955–1992), and National Film and Television Archive (1993–2006). The archive contains more than 50,000 fiction films, over 100,000 non-fiction titles, and around 625,000 television programmes. The majority of the collection is British material but it also features internationally significant holdings from around the world. The Archive also collects films which feature key British actors and the work of British directors.[citation needed]
The BFI runs theBFI Southbank (formerly the National Film Theatre (NFT)) and theBFI IMAX cinema, both located on the south bank of theRiver Thames in London.[5] The IMAX has the largest cinema screen in the UK and shows popular recent releases and short films showcasing its technology, which includes IMAX 70mm screenings, IMAX 3D screenings and 11,600 watts of digital surround sound.[6] BFI Southbank shows films from all over the world, particularly critically acclaimed historical and specialised films that may not otherwise get a cinema showing. The BFI also distributes archival and cultural cinema to other venues – each year to more than 800 venues all across the UK, as well as to a substantial number of overseas venues.[7]
The BFI offers a range of education initiatives, in particular to support the teaching of film and media studies in schools.[8] In late 2012, the BFI received money from theDepartment for Education to create the BFI Film Academy Network for young people aged between 16 and 25.[9][10][11] A residential scheme is held at theNFTS every year.
The BFI runs the annualLondon Film Festival along withBFI Flare: London LGBT Film Festival and the youth-orientatedFuture Film Festival.[12]
The BFI publishes the monthlySight & Sound magazine, as well as films onBlu-ray, DVD and books. It runs the BFI National Library (a reference library), and maintains theBFI Film & TV Database and Summary of Information on Film and Television (SIFT), which are databases of credits, synopses and other information about film and television productions. SIFT has a collection of about 7 millionstill frames from film and television.
The BFI has co-produced a number of television series featuring footage from the BFI National Archive, in partnership with theBBC, includingThe Lost World of Mitchell & Kenyon,The Lost World of Friese-Greene andThe Lost World of Tibet.
The BFI has also produced contemporary artists' moving image work, most notably through the programme of theBFI Gallery, which was located atBFI Southbank from March 2007 to March 2011. The programme of the gallery resulted in several new commissions by leading artists, including projects which engaged directly with the BFI National Archive, among which arePatrick Keiller's 'The City of the Future',Iain Forsyth and Jane Pollard's 'RadioMania: An Abandoned Work' and Deimantas Narkevicious' 'Into the Unknown'. The Gallery also initiated projects by film-makers such asMichael Snow,Apichatpong Weerasethakul,Jane and Louise Wilson andJohn Akomfrah.[13][14]
The BFI also operates a streaming service called BFI Player. This streaming service offers a variety of niche and art films.[15]
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The institute was founded in 1933.[16] Despite its foundation resulting from a recommendation in a report onFilm in National Life, at that time the institute was a private company, though it has received public money throughout its history. This came from thePrivy Council and Treasury until 1965, and from the various culture departments since then.
The institute was restructured following the Radcliffe Report of 1948, which recommended that it should concentrate on developing the appreciation of filmic art, rather than creating film itself. Thus control of educational film production passed to the National Committee for Visual Aids in Education and theBritish Film Academy assumed control for promoting production. From 1952 to 2000, the BFI provided funding for new and experimental film-makers via theBFI Production Board.
The institute received aroyal charter in 1983. This was updated in 2000, and in the same year the newly establishedUK Film Council took responsibility for providing the BFI's annual grant-in-aid (government subsidy). As an independent registered charity, the BFI is regulated by theCharity Commission and the Privy Council.
In 1988, the BFI opened the LondonMuseum of the Moving Image (MOMI) on theSouth Bank. MOMI was acclaimed internationally and set new standards for education through entertainment, but it did not receive the high levels of continuing investment that might have enabled it to keep pace with technological developments and ever-rising audience expectations. The museum was "temporarily" closed in 1999 when the BFI stated that it would be re-sited. This did not happen, and MOMI's closure became permanent in 2002 when it was decided to redevelop the South Bank site. This redevelopment was itself then further delayed.
The BFI is currently managed on a day-to-day basis by its chief executive, Ben Roberts. Supreme decision-making authority rests with a chair and a board of up to 15 governors. The current chair isJay Hunt, a television executive, who took up the post in February 2024.[17] Governors, including the Chair, are appointed by theSecretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport.
The BFI operates with three sources of income. The largest is public money allocated by theDepartment for Culture, Media and Sport. For the year 2021–22, the BFI received £74.31m from the DCMS as Grant-in-Aid funding.[18] The second largest source is commercial activity such as receipts from ticket sales at BFI Southbank or the BFI London IMAX theatre (£5m in 2007), sales of DVDs, etc. Thirdly, grants and sponsorship of around £5m are obtained from various sources, includingNational Lottery funding grants, private sponsors and through donations (J. Paul Getty, Jr., who died in 2003, left the BFI a legacy of around £1m in his will). The BFI is also the distributor for all Lottery funds for film (in 2011–12 this amounted to c.£25m).[citation needed]
As well as its work on film, the BFI also devotes a large amount of its time to the preservation and study of British television programming and its history. In 2000, it published a high-profile list of the100 Greatest British Television Programmes, as voted for by a range of industry figures.[citation needed]
The delayed redevelopment of the National Film Theatre finally took place in 2007, creating in the rebranded "BFI Southbank" new education spaces, a contemporary art gallery dedicated to the moving image[19] (theBFI Gallery), and a pioneering mediatheque which for the first time enabled the public to gain access, free of charge, to some of the otherwise inaccessible treasures in the National Film & Television Archive. The mediatheque has proved to be the most successful element of this redevelopment, and there are plans to roll out a network of them across the UK.[citation needed]
An announcement of a £25 million capital investment in the Strategy for UK Screen Heritage was made by Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport at the opening night of the 2007 London Film Festival. The bulk of this money paid for long overdue development of the BFI National Archive facilities in Hertfordshire and Warwickshire.[citation needed]
During 2009, theUK Film Council persuaded the government that there should only be one main public-funded body for film, and that body should be the UKFC, while the BFI should be abolished. In 2010, the government announced that there would be a single body for film. Despite intensive lobbying (including, controversially, using public funding to pay public relations agencies to put its case forward), the UKFC failed to persuade the government that it should have that role and, instead, the BFI took over most of the UKFC's functions and funding from 1 April 2011, with the UKFC being subsequently abolished. Since then, the BFI has been responsible for all Lottery funding for film—originally in excess of £25m p.a., and currently in excess of £40m p.a.[citation needed]
The BFI Film Academy forms part of the BFI's overall 5–19 Education Scheme. The programme is being supported by theDepartment for Education in England who have committed £1m per annum funding from April 2012 and 31 March 2015. It is also funded through theNational Lottery,Creative Scotland andNorthern Ireland Screen.
On 29 November 2016, the BFI announced that over 100,000 television programmes are to bedigitised before the video tapes, which currently have an estimated five-to-six-year shelf life, become unusable. The BFI aims to make sure that the television archive is still there in 200 years' time.[20]
The BFI announced in February 2021 that it is teaming up with American diversity and inclusion program #StartWith8Hollywood founded byThuc Doan Nguyen to make it global.[21]
The BFI is currently chaired byJay Hunt and run by CEO Ben Roberts and deputy CEO Harriet Finney.
Britain's biggest cinema screen – 20 m x 26 m, IMAX 2D and 3D, 70 mm and 35 mm film projectors[citation needed]
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