| General information | |
|---|---|
| Designed by | ARM Holdings |
| Architecture and classification | |
| Instruction set | ARM,Thumb-2 (32-bit cores); ARMv7-A and ARMv8-A A64,A32,T32 (64-bit cores); ARMv8-A, ARMv8.1-A, ARMv8.2-A, ARMv9-A, ARMv9.2-A |
TheARM Cortex-A is a group of32-bit and64-bitRISCARM processor cores licensed byArm Holdings. The cores are intended for application use. The group consists of 32-bit only cores:ARM Cortex-A5,ARM Cortex-A7,ARM Cortex-A8,ARM Cortex-A9,ARM Cortex-A12,ARM Cortex-A15,ARM Cortex-A17 MPCore, andARM Cortex-A32, 32/64-bit mixed operation cores:ARM Cortex-A35,ARM Cortex-A53,ARM Cortex-A55,ARM Cortex-A57,ARM Cortex-A72,ARM Cortex-A73,ARM Cortex-A75,ARM Cortex-A76,ARM Cortex-A77,ARM Cortex-A78,ARM Cortex-A710, andARM Cortex-A510 Refresh, and 64-bit only cores:ARM Cortex-A34,ARM Cortex-A65,ARM Cortex-A510 (2021),ARM Cortex-A715,ARM Cortex-A520, andARM Cortex-A720.
The 32-bit ARM Cortex-A cores, except for the Cortex-A32, implement the ARMv7-A profile of theARMv7 architecture. The main distinguishing feature of the ARMv7-A profile, compared to the other two profiles, the ARMv7-R profile implemented by theARM Cortex-R cores and the ARMv7-M profile implemented by most of theARM Cortex-M cores, is that only the ARMv7-A profile includes amemory management unit (MMU).[1] Many modern operating systems require a MMU to run.
The 64-bit ARM Cortex-A cores as well as the 32-bit ARM Cortex-A32 implement the ARMv8-A profile of the ARMv8 architecture.
| 32-bit | |
|---|---|
| Year | Core |
| 2005 | Cortex-A8 |
| 2007 | Cortex-A9 |
| 2009 | Cortex-A5 |
| 2010 | Cortex-A15 |
| 2011 | Cortex-A7 |
| 2013 | Cortex-A12 |
| 2014 | Cortex-A17 |
| 2016 | Cortex-A32 |
| 32/64-bit | |
|---|---|
| Year | Core |
| 2012 | Cortex-A53 |
| Cortex-A57 | |
| 2015 | Cortex-A35 |
| Cortex-A72 | |
| 2016 | Cortex-A73 |
| 2017 | Cortex-A55 |
| Cortex-A75 | |
| 2018 | Cortex-A76 |
| 2019 | Cortex-A77 |
| 2020 | Cortex-A78 Cortex-A78AE |
| 2021 | Cortex-A710 |
| 2022 | Cortex-A510 (Refresh) |
| 64-bit | |
|---|---|
| Year | Core |
| 2016 | Cortex-A34 |
| 2018 | Cortex-A65 |
| 2021 | Cortex-A510 |
| 2022 | Cortex-A715 |
| 2023 | Cortex-A520 |
| Cortex-A720 | |
| 2024 | Cortex-A520AE Cortex-A720AE Cortex-A725 |
| 2025 | Cortex-A320 Cortex-A530 Cortex-A730 |
Arm Holdings neither manufactures nor sells CPU devices based on its own designs, but rather licenses the processor architecture to interested parties. ARM offers a variety of licensing terms, varying in cost and deliverables. To all licensees, ARM provides an integratable hardware description of the ARM core, as well as complete software development toolset, and the right to sell manufacturedsilicon containing the ARM CPU.
Integrated device manufacturers (IDM) receive the ARM ProcessorIP assynthesizableRTL (written inVerilog). In this form, they have the ability to perform architectural level optimizations and extensions. This allows the manufacturer to achieve custom design goals, such as higher clock speed, very low power consumption, instruction set extensions, optimizations for size, debug support, etc. To determine which components have been included in an ARM IC chip, consult the manufacturer datasheet and related documentation.
The Cortex-A5 / A7 / A8 / A9 / A12 / A15 / A17 cores implement the ARMv7-A architecture.[2] The Cortex-A32 / A34 / A35 / A53 / A57 / A72 / A73 cores implement the ARMv8-A architecture. ARMv8-A architecture providesexclusive loads and stores instructions as synchronization primitives.[3] The Cortex-A55 / A65 / A75 / A76 / A77 / A78 cores implement the ARMv8.2-A architecture. The Cortex-A510, A710 and A715 cores implement the ARMv9-A architecture. The Cortex-A520 and A720 cores implement the ARMv9.2-A architecture
A typical top-down documentation tree is:
IC Manufacturers usually have additional documents, including: evaluation board user manuals, application notes, getting started with development software, software library documents, errata, and more.
| ARM Core | Bit Width | ARM Website | ARM Technical Reference Manual | ARM Architecture Reference Manual |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cortex-A5 | 32 | Link | Link | ARMv7-A |
| Cortex-A7 | 32 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A8 | 32 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A9 | 32 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A12 | 32 | merged into A17 | ||
| Cortex-A15 | 32 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A17 | 32 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A32 | 32 | Link | Link | ARMv8-A |
| Cortex-A34 | 64 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A35 | 32/64 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A53 | 32/64 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A55 | 32/64 | Link | Link | ARMv8.2-A |
| Cortex-A57 | 32/64 | Link | Link | ARMv8-A |
| Cortex-A510 | 64 (2021) 32/64 (2022) | Link | Link | ARMv9-A |
| Cortex-A520 | 64 | Link | Link | ARMv9.2-A |
| Cortex-A65 | 64 | Link | Link | ARMv8.2-A |
| Cortex-A72 | 32/64 | Link | Link | ARMv8-A |
| Cortex-A73 | 32/64 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A75 | 32/64 | Link | Link | ARMv8.2-A |
| Cortex-A76 | 32/64 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A77 | 32/64 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A78 | 32/64 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A710 | 32/64 | Link | Link | ARMv9-A |
| Cortex-A715 | 64 | Link | Link | |
| Cortex-A720 | 64 | Link | Link | ARMv9.2-A |
