ve    vi    vo    vu    

vacancy

to replace someone, fill a vacancy -PPH *pulih-an

vacant

empty, vacant -PAN *quaŋ₁

vagina

hole, opening, vagina -POC *buta

vagina - *(noise)

vagina, vulva -PWMP *palaq

vulva, vagina -POC *keRe

vulva, vagina -PAN-F *kuti

vulva, vagina -PAN *puki

vulva, vagina -PMP *tila

vulva, vagina -PWMP *tilay

vulva, vagina -PMP *betiq₂

vulva, vagina -PWMP *bediq

vulva, vagina; pet name for girls -PWMP *uki

vague

vague, indistinct -PWMP *sawaŋ₁

vague, unclear -PWMP *lamuk₁

validity

indeed; interjection expressing validity to an interlocutor -PPH *ŋani

valley

ravine, glen, valley -PWMP *lebak₂

valley -PWMP *le(m)beŋ

valley, watercourse between hills -PWMP *le(m)baŋ

valley, watercourse between hills -PWMP *le(m)baq

valuable

closed bamboo internode used as a container for salt, valuables, etc. -PWMP *tubuŋ

goods, valuables - *(loan)

hardwood tree with edible fruit and valuable timber:Palaquium spp. -PMP *ñatuq

to count, calculate; hold valuable -PAN *bilaŋ₁

to store, put away for safekeeping, hide valuables; to place a bet in gambling; lay an egg -PMP *taRuq

value

a plant with medicinal value, probablyBlumea spp. -PPH *qalibun

kind of herb with medicinal value -PPH *disúl

value, cost, price of something -PWMP *beli-en

value, price -POC *pili

value, price -PMP *bili

value, price; marriage prestations, brideprice; purchase -PEMP *poli

value, price; marriage prestations, brideprice; purchase -PMP *beli

value, worth - *(loan)

valued

valued metal -PWMP *gambaŋ

vampire

evil spirit, vampire, witch - *(loan)

ghoul, vampire - *(loan)

vane

feather vane on an arrow -PPH *pulád

vanish

sink, vanish from sight -PMP *teleb

vanished

gone, vanished, terminated -PWMP *la(m)pus₁

vapor

steam, vapor -PAN-F *lahuN

to evaporate, as vapor rising from the ground after rain -PPH *suŋáw

vapor -PWMP *huab₁

vapor, leaking air, fumes -PPH *siŋaw

vapor, steam -PWMP *seŋ(e)qaw

var

cooking banana:Musa sapientum Linn. var compressa. Blanco -PWMP *sabeqa

Varanus

monitor lizard,Varanus spp. (esp.V. salvator) -PWMP *bayawak

variant

prefix variant of the *qali/kali- set -PAN *qaCi-

variant of the *qali/kali- prefix -PAN *qaNi-

varied

varied, different (?) -PCEMP *kese-kese

variegated

variegated in color; spotted or speckled -PWMP *belaŋ belaŋ

varieties

small trevally varieties -POC *pilu-pilu

variety

large cooking banana or plantain variety -PPH *tinduk

nut variety - *(noise)

rattan variety -PWMP *away₄

rice variety -PPH *guyud₂

rice variety -PPh *ípun₃

rice variety -PPh *wagwág₁

rice variety (?) -PWMP *candur

taro variety -PMP *mapu₁

taro variety -PAN *utan

various

ear; various types of bracket fungi; pectoral fins of a fish -POC *taliŋa

fruit; areca palm and nut; grain; berry; seed; nut; endosperm of a sprouting coconut; kidney; heart; finger; calf of the leg; testicle; various insects; scar tissue; roe; bud; flower; blossom; bear fruit; words, speech, or songs; meaning, contents of discussion; numeral classifier for roundish objects; buttock; Adam's apple; nipple of the breast; button; marble; tattooing -PMP *buaq

ghost, ancestral spirit; nature spirit; corpse; owl; various plants -PMP *qanitu

various creeping herbs -PWMP *qasin qasin

various drinks -PMP *inum-inum-an

various hardwood trees; heartwood of a tree -POC *toRas

various plants, etc. with a bad smell -PWMP *qetut qetut

various, miscellaneous - *(loan)

various, suitable, equal - *(loan)

vegetable

be chopped into pieces, be minced, as meat or vegetables; what is chopped up or minced -PAN *tektek-en

chopping to pieces, cutting up, as meat or vegetables -PAN *tektek₁

dish made of chopped meat or vegetables -PPH *t<in>adtád

overcooked until mushy, as rice or vegetables -PPH *lusa₂

plant with leaves used as a vegetable:Talinum paniculatum orTalinum triangulare -PPH *talínum

to chop, to mince, as meat, fish or vegetables preparatory to cooking -PWMP *sagsag₂

to cook vegetables -PPH *gulay-en

to cook vegetables -PPH *deŋdeŋ₁

to slice into thin strips, as meat or vegetables -PPH *gáyat

vegetable -PWMP *gulay

vegetable - *(noise)

vegetable oil -PMP *laña

vegetables -PMP *nateŋ

vegetables -PAN *NaCeŋ

vegetation

dense vegetation - *(noise)

green, as vegetation -PPH *luh(e)naw

grow densely, of vegetation -PWMP *benes

hack a passage through vegetation, blaze a trail -PMP *bentas

push down, trample down, as vegetation -PPH *desdés

send out new growth, of vegetation -POC *tupul

to cut, clear vegetation -PMP *tebah

to cut, clear vegetation -PAN *tebaS

young, esp. of vegetation -PWMP *bataq

vehement

hard, strong, inflexible; vehement -PMP *keRas

vehicle

vehicle for riding -PWMP *sakay-an

veiled

covered, veiled - *(noise)

vein

artery, blood vessel, blood vein; muscle; nerve; sinew; tendon -PAN *huRaC

artery, blood vessel, blood vein; muscle; nerve; sinew; tendon; fiber; vein of a leaf; grain of wood; strand (of thread, rope); fishing line; root -PMP *uRat

artery, blood vessel, blood vein; muscle; sinew; tendon; ligament; fiber; tough, sinewy -POC *uRat

full of veins or tendons -PWMP *uRat-en

tendon, ligament; prominent veins -PPH *lítid

veins, sinews (collective) -PMP *uRat uRat

vines; veins, tendons -POC *waRoc waRoc

veining

veining pattern on wood or other material -PWMP *kuray

veliferum

sailfin tang:Zebrasoma veliferum -POC *piRa₂

velvet

velvet - *(loan)

venerate

respect, venerate -PWMP *qasi₁

veneration

worship, veneration - *(noise)

veneris

node (as in bamboo or sugarcane); joint; knuckle; knot in wood; knot in string or rope; Mons veneris -POC *buku

node (as in bamboo or sugarcane); joint; knuckle; knot in wood; knot in string or rope; Mons veneris -PCEMP *buku

venom

poison, venom of a snake -PMP *upas₁

power, venom - *(loan)

snake venom; plant poison used on tips of arrows -PPH *dítaq

venom of a poisonous snake or insect -PPH *kamandag

venom, poison -PPH *dalit₃

venomous

ant sp. with venomous bite -PMP *me(n)tik

marine fish sp. with venomous dorsal spines, Rabbitfish:Siganus punctatus -PWMP *kiteŋ

venomous animal - *(noise)

venomous snake -PAN *depuŋ

Venus

the morning (evening) star: Venus -PMP *talaq₁

the morning (evening) star: Venus -PMP *mantalaq

verb

2sg. possessor and agent of passive verb -PMP *-mu

causative of stative verbs -PAN *pa-ka-

genitive case marker for singular personal names and pronouns; marker of possession, part-to-whole relationships, and agency of a non-actor voice verb -PAN *ni

no, not; negator of verbs and adjectives (cf *buken, *dian, *wada) -PAN *qazi

verb prefix -PMP *hin-

verb prefix -PAN *Sin-

verb prefix: third-party causative-command -PPh *ipa-

verbal infix marking actor voice for intransitive verbs, and of inchoatives -PMP *<um>

verbal

verbal infix marking actor voice -PAN *<um>

verbal infix marking actor voice for intransitive verbs, and of inchoatives -PMP *<um>

verbal prefix marking instrumental or benefactive voice -PAN *Si-₁

verbal prefix marking instrumental or benefactive voice’ -PMP *i-

verbal prefix marking potential action or ability to do something -PWMP *maka-

verbal suffix marking locative voice; nominal suffix marking location -PAN *-an

verbal suffix marking patient or undergoer voice; nominal suffix marking product of an action or thing affected by an action -PAN *-en

verge

die in throngs; be on the verge of death -PMP *m-atay m-atay

vertically

insert(ed) vertically in the ground -PWMP *tasek

to climb vertically (as ladder, tree) -PPH *k<om>ayat

to climb vertically (as ladder, tree) -PPH *i-kayat

to climb vertically (as ladder, tree) -PPH *kayat

to measure vertically -POC *jukul₂

to measure vertically -PMP *sukul₃

vertigo

vertigo -PAN *laŋu

very

a tree with very light wood:Octomeles sp. -PWMP *binuaŋ

bamboo of very large diameter, probablyDendrocalamus sp. -PAN *betuŋ₁

have a painful feeling in the teeth, as when eating something very sour or cold, or hearing a screeching or scratching sound -PWMP *ŋilu-an

kind of very slender bamboo -PAN-F *CekeS

old, of people; very, extremely; to die, dead (euphemism) -PMP *ma-tuqah

painful, as of teeth on edge from eating something very sour -PAN *ma-ŋilu

somewhat warm (?); very warm (?) -PCEMP *panas-panas

to fall ill, become very sick -PMP *ma-saki-sakit

type of very large bamboo -POC *potuŋ

very thick, really thick -POC *matolu-tolu

very thin -POC *manipi-nipis

vessel

artery, blood vessel, blood vein; muscle; nerve; sinew; tendon -PAN *huRaC

artery, blood vessel, blood vein; muscle; nerve; sinew; tendon; fiber; vein of a leaf; grain of wood; strand (of thread, rope); fishing line; root -PMP *uRat

artery, blood vessel, blood vein; muscle; sinew; tendon; ligament; fiber; tough, sinewy -POC *uRat

artery, major blood vessel -PWMP *uRat i daRaq

bamboo vessel -PWMP *tukil

carrying vessel made from folded palm leaf sheath -PWMP *timbalaŋ

drinking vessel -PWMP *paŋ-inum-an

pour from one vessel into another; translate, interpret -PWMP *salin

to slow cook in a tightly covered vessel -PWMP *kulub₂

vessel for fetching water from a well, objects from a pit, etc -PMP *timba

vetative

no, not; vetative marker: don't! -PMP *beliq₂

vetative; don't -PWMP *ejaq

vetative; don't -PMP *edaq

vex

tease, vex, annoy -PWMP *uŋit

vex, torment -PWMP *ŋuy(e)qa

vibrate

shake, vibrate, tremble -PMP *eter

vibrate, fan - *(noise)

victory

exult, celebrate (as a victory) - *(loan)

view

appear, come into view -POC *potu₁

appear, come into view -PMP *betu

come into view -POC *pwaka

disappear behind something that envelops or blocks the view -PAN *lipuC

hidden from view -POC *boñu

suddenly appear, come into view suddenly or partially -PPH *tuq(e)maw

to arrive, appear, come into view -POC *pura

visible, in full view -PWMP *hantaD

vigil

a wake for the dead, night vigil -PPH *lámay

stay awake all night, as in a vigil for the dead -PPH *pulaw

vigor

strength, vigor, force -PAN *keseR

vigorous

strong, vigorous, energetic -PWMP *ma-bikas

strong, vigorous, energetic -PWMP *bikas

strong, vigorous, energetic, forceful -PAN *ma-keseR

vigorously

shake something vigorously (as a sack to remove the contents) -PPh *wagwág₂

to rub vigorously, scour -PPH *RasRas

vile

vile smell -PMP *maŋsit

village

cleared area around house, cleared ground in village -PMP *natad

enclosure; palisade around a village; fence around a planted tree or cultivated field -PMP *pager

field hut; temporary shelter used when working for extended periods in fields far from the village -PAN-F *taRuqan

fortified place; village -POC *koro₂

public space in village -POC *malaqe

space outside the village -POC *natar

village -PMP *lipuq

village -PAN-F *asaŋ₃

village -POC *panua

village - *(loan)

village - *(noise)

village area -PMP *lebuq

village square; dancing ground -POC *malala

village, place of residence - *(loan)

village, town -PMP *hili

village; place of residence -PAN *taNaS

villager

fellow villager -PPh *ka-hili-an

fellow villager, fellow community-member -PMP *anak i banua

vine

a hairy vine:Pueraria hirsuta -PMP *bahay

a hairy vine:Pueraria hirsuta -PAN *baSay

a thorny vine:Smilax spp. -PMP *banaw

a thorny vine:Smilax spp. -PAN *baNaw

a thorny vine:Smilax spp. -PCEMP *banaR₂

a thorny vine:Smilax spp. -PMP *banaR₁

a thorny vine:Smilax spp. -PAN *baNaR

a vine and the seeds of its fruit:Abrus precatorius -PWMP *saga

a vine with gourd or cucumber-like fruit, probablyLuffa sp. -PPH *kabatíti

a vine with red flower clusters, the Chinese honeysuckle,Quisqualis indica -PPH *taluluŋ

a vine, possibly arrowroot; famine food -PPH *baháy

a vine:Caesalpinia bonduc -PPH *kabit₃

a vine:Entada scandens -PWMP *baluRu

a vine:Flagellaria indica -PMP *huaR

a vine:Merremia peltata -POC *paliaRua

climb up, as a vine -PPH *kalatkat

creeping vine that grows on sandy beaches, the beach morning glory:Ipomoea pes-caprae -PPH *balinu

kind of vine that causes swelling and itching -PPH *lipay

leaf of a vine chewed with betel nut, betel pepper:Piper betle -PWMP *buyuq

new shoot of vines or creepers -PPH *Raŋaw₁

type of wild vine used to blacken the teeth -PPH *amuluŋ

vine -PWMP *balaRen

vine - *(noise)

vine from which poison is obtained -PWMP *ziteq

vine, creeper -POC *waRoc

vine, creeper -PMP *waRej

vine, creeper sp. -PWMP *itik₃

vines; veins, tendons -POC *waRoc waRoc

vinegar

vinegar - *(loan)

vine-like

abaca fiber; fiber-yielding plant; kind of tree with bark that yields a vine-like fiber -PPH *lánut

violating

be afflicted with a swollen abdomen as a result of violating customary law. -PWMP *busuŋ

violation

swollen, of the abdomen as a result of the violation of customary law -PWMP *ma-busuŋ

violent

be startled or frightened, as by violent action -PPH *qaliaw

violent emotion -PWMP *siŋit

violently

threaten, confront violently -PWMP *ayat

violin

violin - *(loan)

virescens

green jobfish:Aprion virescens -PMP *qutun

virgin

first of anything; first fruits; prime, new, untainted, virgin -PMP *buŋas

first of anything; first fruits; prime, new, untainted, virgin -PWMP *buŋaR

first of anything; new, untainted, virgin -PWMP *buŋaR-an

maiden, virgin, girl of marriageable age -PWMP *anak daRa

maiden, virgin, unmarried girl -PWMP *da-daRa

maiden, virgin, unmarried girl -PMP *daRa₂

primary forest, virgin jungle (lit. 'big forest') -PWMP *halas Raya

viscous

caulk, fill up a hole or crack with viscous material -PWMP *bulit-en

caulk, fill up a hole or crack with viscous material -POC *bulit₂

caulk, fill up a hole or crack with viscous material -PMP *bulit₁

stick, adhere to; sticky, viscous -PMP *la(ŋ)ket

thick (of fluids), viscous - *(loan)

thick, viscous -PMP *buket

viscous material - *(noise)

viscous, sticky -PMP *belit₃

viscous; thick, of liquids -PPH *sap(e)nut

visible

able to be seen, visible -PWMP *ma-kita

in the line of sight, clearly visible -PPH *aŋ(ə)tad

visible -PMP *tapak₂

visible - *(noise)

visible defect of the eyes -PPh *paq(e)liŋ

visible tree roots above the ground -PWMP *paŋkal

visible, in full view -PWMP *hantaD

vision

blurred, of vision -PMP *balabuR

cataract of the eye; hazy or blurred vision -PPh *bulág

cataract of the eye; hazy or blurred vision -PWMP *buleheR

cataract of the eye; hazy or blurred vision -POC *pulaR₂

cataract of the eye; hazy or blurred vision -PAN *bulaR₁

dim, of vision -PCMP *balabu

dim, of vision -PAN-F *ma-pukaw

poor, of vision -PWMP *radam

visit

drop by, pay a visit -PWMP *lawa₃

pay a visit, drop by to see someone -PPH *dálaw

stop and visit when passing by -PMP *tuluy₂

to stop by to visit when traveling -PWMP *tuli₂

visitor

stranger; visitor; guest -PWMP *sakay₃

to entertain guests, look after visitors -PPH *amuma

visual

visual assessment of something, as in taking aim, making a straight line, or forming an opinion -PWMP *sipat

visually

dark, overcast, visually obscure -PAN *kelem

vital

living, alive; grow, flourish; fresh; heal, cure, revive, recover; vital principle, soul, spirit; flame -PMP *ma-qudip

Vitex

a tree:Vitex pubescens -PMP *pa(m)pa

a woody plant or tree:Vitex cofassus -POC *pasa(rR)

Viverridae

civet cat and similar small predatory mammals of the familyViverridae -PMP *musaŋ

vocal

high-pitched vocal sound - *-kiq(root)

vocalization

high-pitched vocalization -PPH *ŋisŋis₂

vocative

grandparent, possibly vocative -PMP *pa-ampu

parent’s younger sibling, junior uncle; a young child’s term of address for his father, vocative of*ama -PMP *mama

vocative term for boys -PWMP *utuq

voice

choral singing; to blend voices in song -POC *jaRu

genitive case marker for singular personal names and pronouns; marker of possession, part-to-whole relationships, and agency of a non-actor voice verb -PAN *ni

have a squeaky voice -PWMP *re(ŋ)kik

hoarse, husky, of the voice -PWMP *peRaw

loud, of the voice; voice -PCEMP *iŋaR

shrill, of the voice -PMP *cerik

sound, voice -PPH *tunuR

sound, voice -PPH *tiŋeR

sound, voice -PWMP *teneR

sound, voice -PCMP *liRi

verbal infix marking actor voice -PAN *<um>

verbal infix marking actor voice for intransitive verbs, and of inchoatives -PMP *<um>

verbal prefix marking instrumental or benefactive voice -PAN *Si-₁

verbal prefix marking instrumental or benefactive voice’ -PMP *i-

verbal suffix marking locative voice; nominal suffix marking location -PAN *-an

verbal suffix marking patient or undergoer voice; nominal suffix marking product of an action or thing affected by an action -PAN *-en

voice -POC *leqo

voice -POC *liqo

voice -PCEMP *liqə

void

gap, space, void - *(noise)

volcanic

cauldron; caldera, volcanic crater (?) -PWMP *kawaq

volcanic ash (?) -PWMP *lahar

volume

loud sound; volume, loudness -PPH *tanúR

volute

kind of volute shell -PWMP *biŋaR

kind of volute shell -PMP *biŋaq

vomit

be vomited up; vomit (command) -PAN *utaq-en

cause to vomit -PAN *pa-utaq

spit something out, vomit something -POC *lua-ki

to vomit -PPH *suka₂

to vomit -PCEMP *mutaq

to vomit -PAN *um-utaq

to vomit -POC *mu-mutaq

to vomit -PWMP *maŋ-utaq

vomit -PAN *utaq

vomit (imperative) -PAN *utaq-an

vomited

be vomited up; vomit (command) -PAN *utaq-en

voraciously

be gobbled up, eaten voraciously -PPH *sabsab-én

eat voraciously, eat like an animal -PPH *lamun-en

eat voraciously, gulp down, swallow whole -PPH *lamun₂

to eat or drink voraciously (derogatory) -PPH *qabqab

vortex

whirlpool, eddy, vortex -PWMP *puseD

vortical

vortical design or motion -PWMP *puyu₂

vote

vote - *(loan)

vow

vow, pledge - *(noise)

voyage

go to sea, make a sea voyage -POC *pa-laur

put out to sea, embark on a voyage -POC *toka₃

take a trip; commence a voyage -PPH *luás

to leave on a trip, start a voyage -PPH *l<um>uas

voyaging

sail along the coast, follow the coast in voyaging -PMP *siDsiD

vulgare

anise, aniseed, fennel:Foeniculum vulgare -PWMP *hadas

vulva

female genitalia, vulva -PWMP *pukak

flower, blossom; to flower, bear flowers; yield a benefit (as interest on a loan); first-born child; cotton; vulva (refined or evasive), skin rash, prickly heat; speckled (of fish); kidneys -PMP *buŋa

vagina, vulva -PWMP *palaq

vulva - *(noise)

vulva, vagina -POC *keRe

vulva, vagina -PAN-F *kuti

vulva, vagina -PAN *puki

vulva, vagina -PMP *tila

vulva, vagina -PWMP *tilay

vulva, vagina -PMP *betiq₂

vulva, vagina -PWMP *bediq

vulva, vagina; pet name for girls -PWMP *uki