de    di    do    dr    du    dw    dy    

dagger

dagger -PMP *badiq

dagger -PWMP *baladaw

dagger - *(loan)

kind of dagger -PWMP *guluk

daily

daily, every day -PMP *qalejaw-qalejaw

dam

a dam; to dam a stream -PMP *embeŋ

block, obstruct, dam a stream -PMP *empeŋ

block, stop, dam - *-beŋ₂(root)

dam, dyke, embankment -POC *tabak₂

dam, dyke, embankment; to fill a hole with earth; to heap up -PMP *tambak₂

dam, obstruction of flow -PWMP *tambeŋ

dam, water barrier -PWMP *umpeŋ

heap up, pile up (as earth); dam -PMP *limbun

plug or dam up -PWMP *tampeŋ

plug up, dam; cover - *-peŋ(root)

to block, to dam up -PMP *ubeŋ

to cover with earth, dam up -PPh *tabún-an

damaged

eaten by termites, damaged by termites -PWMP *anay-en

damages

malodorous insect that damages rice plants -PWMP *tanaŋaw

dammed

blocked, plugged, dammed; mute, unable to speak -PWMP *beŋbeŋ

closed, dammed up -POC *bonot

damming

catch fish by damming a stream -PPH *sáRep

damp

damp, moist -PWMP *emeg

damp, moist - *(loan)

wet, moist, damp -PMP *ma-baseq

damsel

damsel fish -PMP *mutu₁

damselfish

small reef fish, perhaps damselfish -POC *tokuku

dance

a dance; to dance -PPH *tadék

dance - *(loan)

jump, leap, dance -PWMP *sayaw

link in a chain; joined together, as links in a chain, people in sexual intercourse or marriage; hands joined in crossing pattern in circle dance -PWMP *kawiŋ

round dance - *(noise)

traditional dance form -PPH *tayaw

dancing

village square; dancing ground -POC *malala

dandruff

dirt on skin; dandruff -PAN *daki

dirt on skin; dandruff; tartar on teeth -PMP *daki

danger

spy, scout, one who looks for possible danger ahead -PMP *mata-mata

dangerous

spirit dangerous to children -PWMP *m-atay anak

dangle

(of a person) to hang by the arms, dangle -POC *tuku₃

dangle - *(noise)

dangle, hang down loosely -PPh *waywáy

dangle, hang down loosely -PWMP *quntay₁

dangling

be picked up or carried dangling from the fingers -PWMP *bitbit-en

carry dangling from the fingertips -PMP *binit₁

hanging down, dangling -PWMP *untay₁

pick up or carry dangling from the fingers -PWMP *maR-bitbit

pick up or carry dangling from the fingers -PWMP *maŋ-bitbit

pull at body part; hold something dangling from the fingers -PMP *bitbit₂

to wilt, wither, droop, as plants; dangling, hanging loosely -PPH *layláy

dappled

spotted, dappled -PPH *kabáŋ

spotted, dappled -PWMP *pantek

spotted, dappled -PMP *belaŋ₂

spotted, dappled, speckled -PPh *butik

dare

dare to do something -PWMP *amaŋ amaŋ

hero, war-leader; dare to do -PMP *baRani

daring

brave, bold, daring -PWMP *ma-baRani

dark

dark -POC *drolom

dark -PWMP *sedem

dark -PWMP *qiReŋ

dark -PMP *kalem

dark - *-nem₁(root)

dark (of color) -PWMP *qirem

dark (of the visual field) -PWMP *qidem

dark blue, bluish-black -PMP *buluŋ₁

dark color -POC *quciŋ

dark color - *-tem(root)

dark color: black -PWMP *beleŋ

dark green, dark blue -POC *buluŋ₃

dark hue, possibly dark red -POC *piRiŋ

dark hue, possibly dark red -PMP *biRiŋ₁

dark hue, possibly dark red -PMP *biReŋ

dark in color or from the absence of light -PWMP *lidem

dark mole -PMP *taqi nu lalej

dark of the moon, moonless night -PMP *delem

dark, black -PWMP *qi(n)dem

dark, cloudy -PAN *ma-qudem

dark, cloudy -POC *rodrom₁

dark, darkened -PWMP *tilem₁

dark, dim -PMP *helem

dark, dim -PAN *Selem

dark, dim -PWMP *kulem

dark, discolored -PPH *tudem

dark, dull (of light or color) -PAN *qudem

dark, dusky -PWMP *selem₂

dark, night -PMP *alem

dark, obscure -PPH *kanap₂

dark, obscure -PWMP *medem

dark, obscure, cloudy -PPH *ma-diklém

dark, obscure, cloudy -PPH *dik(e)lém

dark, obscure; black -PMP *tidem

dark, of weather; overcast -PAN *lemlem

dark, overcast, cloudy -PWMP *gelem

dark, overcast, gloomy -PAN *ma-demdem

dark, overcast, visually obscure -PAN *kelem

dark; darkness -PPH *ke(n)dem

dark; obscure - *-lem₁(root)

dark; overcast - *-dem₁(root)

dim, dark -PMP *ma-hulem

dim, dark -PAN *ma-Sulem

dim, dark, obscure -PWMP *ma-qilem

dim, dark, obscure -PMP *qilem

feel in the dark, grope -PAN *kapkap

gloom, darkness; dark, overcast, gloomy -PAN *demdem₂

have dark blotches on the skin -PMP *qila-qila

it is getting dark, night is coming on -POC *e boŋi

night, dark -PMP *halem

small dark surgeonfish, possiblyCtenochaetus -POC *bolo bolo

dark color

dark color - *(near)

darken

darken, become black -PWMP *maŋ-qitem

darkened

dark, darkened -PWMP *tilem₁

darkened by clouds, overcast -PAN *kudem

overcast, darkened -PMP *gu(n)dem

overcast, darkened, as the sun -POC *kurom

darkening

darkening, obscuring of light -PPH *dulem

darkness

be overcome by darkness, be benighted -PPH *ma-Rabi-an

dark; darkness -PPH *ke(n)dem

gloom, darkness; dark, overcast, gloomy -PAN *demdem₂

night, darkness -PMP *malem

night, darkness -POC *buŋi

overcome by darkness, benighted -PWMP *ka-beRŋi-an

shade, darkness -PMP *elem₁

shade, darkness, gloom -PWMP *qiem₂

storm, darkness -PWMP *gelap₂

dart

a tree:Antiaris toxicaria; poison for blowpipe darts made from the sap of this tree -PWMP *qipuq

blowpipe dart -PMP *anak i sumpit

dart, javelin - *(loan)

darter

kind of water bird, the Oriental darter:Anhinga melanogaster -PPH *kasíli

dash

fling down, dash against -PMP *bantiŋ

mark, line, dash -PWMP *curit

stroke, dash, line - *(loan)

daughter

child, offspring; son, daughter; brother's child (man speaking), sister's child (woman speaking); young animal or plant; young; small (for its kind); dependent or component part of something larger; native, resident, inhabitant; interest on a loan -PMP *anak

child, offspring; son, daughter; interest on a loan -PAN *aNak

daughter-in-law

affinal relative, probably son-in-law and daughter-in-law -PPH *ma-nuRaŋ

dawn

daybreak, dawn -PMP *zawa₁

day

(for) how many days? -PAN *maka-pija

daily, every day -PMP *qalejaw-qalejaw

day -POC *draŋi

day -PMP *daqani

day -POC *raqani

day -PMP *qalejaw

day -POC *qaco

day -PAN *qajaw

day -PAN *daqaNi

day before yesterday -POC *waRisa

day, sun, light - *(noise)

day; sun; dry in the sun -PAN *waRi₁

dusky, twilight, as near the end of day -PWMP *peteŋ

future marker with words for days -PAN *nu-

daybreak

daybreak, dawn -PMP *zawa₁

to stay up all night, continue until daybreak -PPH *damaR₂

daylight

daylight; morning sunshine -PWMP *siaŋ

morning, daylight - *(near)

dazed

dazed, confused -PAN *ma-ulaw

dazed, in a trance -PWMP *pukaw₂

dazzle

dazzle, flash - *(noise)

dazzle, shine - *-daŋ₁(root)

sparkle, dazzle -PMP *silap

dazzled

dazzled -PMP *sili

dazzled, blinded by glaring light -PWMP *siraŋ

gape, open the mouth wide; be dazzled, amazed -PMP *beŋaŋ₂

dazzling

dazzling light -PWMP *kinelaw

dazzling light -PWMP *ginelaw

dazzling light - *-law(root)

dazzling, of light -PMP *silaw

shiny, dazzling -POC *liso

shiny, dazzling - *(near)

dead

a wake for the dead, night vigil -PPH *lámay

as if dead? -PMP *ma-m-atay

dead -PMP *in-atay

dead -PWMP *na-atay

dead -POC *mate-na

die; dead -POC *mate

die; dead -PCEMP *matay₁

die; dead; eclipse of sun or moon -PAN *ma-aCay

die; dead; sick; tired (of); faint, lose consciousness; eclipse; new moon; extinguished; blocked (path); paralyzed; numb, asleep (limbs); die down (wind); waterless (springs, rivers); dry up (plants); beaten (in a game); fixed (price); terminate a matter, reach an agreement; disaster; intensive, superlative; desire intensely, be deeply in love -PMP *m-atay

ghost, spirit of the dead; owl -PAN *qaNiCu

mourn the dead -POC *paluq

mourn the dead -PMP *baluq

old, of people; very, extremely; to die, dead (euphemism) -PMP *ma-tuqah

one who has died, dead person -POC *m<in>ate

stay awake all night, as in a vigil for the dead -PPH *pulaw

to cry for, cry over, mourn, bewail, weep for the dead -PMP *taŋis-i

deadfall

deadfall trap - *(loan)

deadfall trap to catch small mammals -PAN *qaCeb

deadline

deadline, time limit - *(loan)

deaf

deaf -PPH *tuleŋ

deaf -PAN *Culi

deaf -PWMP *buŋul

deaf -PMP *beŋel

deaf - *-ŋel(root)

deaf; earwax -POC *tuli₁

earwax; deaf -PMP *tuli₁

hard of hearing, deaf -PWMP *beŋeR

deal

distribute, deal out -PPh *wáras

death

be affected by a death -PWMP *ka-m-atay-an

bind, bundle, wrap in cloth; death shroud; cloth(ing) -PMP *balun₅

bind, bundle; wrap in cloth; death shroud; cloth(ing) -PCEMP *balun₃

death -PWMP *ka-p-atay-en

death -POC *mate-qaŋa

death -POC *mate-an

death -PMP *atay

death -PAN *aCay

die in throngs; be on the verge of death -PMP *m-atay m-atay

end or death of something (?) -PWMP *ka-p-atay-an

lose someone through death -PMP *m-atay-an

lose someone through death (?) -PAN *ka-aCay-an

to be laid out after death, prepared for interment -PPH *burul

debility

weakness, debility; feeble, unable to perform -PPH *kápuy

debt

a debt -PWMP *qutaŋ-an

be in debt -PWMP *maR-qutaŋ

be in debt to someone -PWMP *qutaŋ-en

be in debt, owe -PMP *ma-qutaŋ

borrow, be in debt -PMP *elet₁

borrow, incur a debt -PWMP *maŋ-qutaŋ

debt -PMP *qutaŋ

dunning to collect a debt - *(loan)

multiple debts -PWMP *qutaŋ qutaŋ

paid off, of a debt -PMP *qimpas

to collect a debt -PPH *sukut

to collect a debt -PWMP *siŋir

decaisneana

a plant:Aralia decaisneana (Hance) -PAN-F *tanaq

decant

decant, pour liquid out for drinking -PPH *tíqiŋ

decapitate

to behead, decapitate -PPH *pugut-an

decapitated

headless, decapitated -PWMP *pugut

decay

decay, crumble; powder - *-buk₁(root)

decay, crumble; sound of breaking; powder - *-pek (or *-peqek?)(root)

weevil that infests wood, bamboo, and rice; dust produced by the boring of this insect; tooth decay, dental caries -PMP *bukbuk₃

decayed

decayed, rotten, moldy, mildewed (of wood) -PMP *lapuk

decayed, rotten, putrid; stinking -PMP *busuk

decaying

decaying wood; dust, powder -PMP *Rabuk

tree trunk, fallen tree, log; stem of a plant; body; corpse; self; bridge of the nose; most important or preeminent thing; main course of a river; mushroom or bracket fungus that grows on tree trunks or decaying logs -PMP *bataŋ

worn out, decaying -POC *Rapuk

deceased

cluster (c) == don mourning apparel; mourn for a deceased spouse -PMP *baliw₃

deceit

deceit, fraud - *(noise)

deceit, trickery, fraud - *(loan)

deceive

cheat, deceive -PWMP *buyuk

deceive - *(loan)

lie, deceive - *(loan)

to cheat, deceive -PPH *kalít

to fool, deceive -PWMP *labu₁

deceived

be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true -PAN *keNa

deceiving

lying, deceiving, untruthful -PWMP *ma-bali₂

decency

offensive to decency, immodest -PPH *law(e)qay

deception

deception -PWMP *udaliq

lie, deception -PMP *bali₄

decide

decide, conclude -PWMP *putus

deck

ridge of the roof; ridge of a mountain, peak; deck of a boat; cover the ridgepole with thatch -PMP *bubuŋ₁

decked

dress up, be decked out in one’s finest clothing -PWMP *kena

decoration

decoration, jewelry - *(loan)

goat hair decoration on a spear or staff -PMP *bandaŋan

decorative

an evergreen tree with decorative flowers:Cynometra ramiflora L. -PMP *namut

species of climber used for decorative purposes -POC *bua bua

decorticated

to peel off skin, bark or leaves; excoriated, decorticated, defoliated -PWMP *laklak

decoy

domestic chicken used as a decoy to attract a wild fowl into a trap -PPH *pa-ŋátiq

domestic fowl used as a decoy or lure to capture wild fowl -PPH *káti

domestic fowl used as a decoy or lure to capture wild fowl -PPH *kátiq

decrease

shrink, decrease -PWMP *kekes

decumana

a fruit tree, the pomelo:Citrus decumana -PPH *suháq

deed

deed, action, performance -PWMP *paR-buhat-an

do, make, create, perform; to work; to wager: deed; thing; creation; behavior, conduct, performance; work; a bet; because, on account of, through the action of; need, use for something; necessary; for (benefactive) -PMP *buhat₂

deep

black, deep blue -PMP *ma-qitem

current, deep channel in the middle of a river -PMP *qaluR₂

current, deep channel in the middle of a river -PAN *qaluR₁

deep -POC *ma-ralom

deep -PAN *ma-dalem

deep black, shiny black -PWMP *li(n)tem

deep booming sound -PWMP *daRehuŋ

deep booming sound -PAN *deruŋ

deep buzz or hum - *-ŋuŋ(root)

deep cry; bird with deep cry -PMP *kuak

deep grunt or groan -PMP *beReŋ

deep guttural sound -PMP *heqeguk

deep place in a river -PMP *liku₁

deep place in river; pool of water left when a stream dries up -PPH *lib(e)túŋ

deep place in water - *(noise)

deep pool or pond -PAN-F *waCaN

deep resonant sound; name of a bird with deep resonant cry -PAN *ku(ŋ)kuŋ

deep resounding sound -PAN-F *kaluŋkuŋ

deep resounding sound -PAN *guŋguŋ

deep resounding sound -PMP *buŋ

deep resounding sound -PPh *buŋbuŋ₂

deep resounding sound - *-Cuŋ(root)

deep resounding sound - *-guŋ (or *-guquŋ?)(root)

deep resounding sound - *-kuŋ₂(root)

deep resounding sound; slit-gong, hollowed tree trunk used to send messages -PAN *kuŋkuŋ₁

deep reverberating sound -PMP *keRaŋ₁

deep rumbling sound; thunder -POC *guRuŋ

deep silence -PWMP *leplep

deep throaty sound -PMP *re(ŋ)guk

deep throaty sound -PPh *iŋguk

deep throaty sound -PWMP *haguk

deep throaty sound -PMP *de(ŋ)guk

deep throaty sound - *-guk(root)

deep throaty sound - *-ŋuk(root)

deep, of sleep -PWMP *lunduq

deep, of sleep -PWMP *lu(n)duq

deep, of the sea; deep sea -PCEMP *laman

deep, of the sea; deep sea beyond the reef -POC *laman

in, inside; deep -PAN *dalem

insides, area within, inner part of something; between; below, under; deep; mind, feelings -POC *ralom

insides, area within, inner part of something; between; below, under; deep; mind, feelings, liver (fig.) -PMP *dalem

kind of bird that buries its eggs deep in the sand -PPH *tabun₁

make something deep, deepen -PWMP *pa-dalem

pit, deep cavity in the ground -PMP *lumbuŋ₁

pool, deep place in water; swamp -PCMP *tibu₁

sheltered water: deep place in a river; cove, harbor, lagoon -PMP *namaw

small bird that produces a deep resounding call -PAN *kukuŋ₁

deepen

make something deep, deepen -PWMP *pa-dalem

deeply

breathe quickly or deeply -PWMP *eŋkaq

die; dead; sick; tired (of); faint, lose consciousness; eclipse; new moon; extinguished; blocked (path); paralyzed; numb, asleep (limbs); die down (wind); waterless (springs, rivers); dry up (plants); beaten (in a game); fixed (price); terminate a matter, reach an agreement; disaster; intensive, superlative; desire intensely, be deeply in love -PMP *m-atay

deep place in river

deep place in river - *(near)

deer

deer -PWMP *uRsa

deer of the genusCervus, either the sika deer or sambar deer -PAN-F *benan

male deer, buck (?) -PMP *saladeŋ

muntjac, barking deer -PAN-F *sakeC

to bark, of a deer -PAN *dekiŋ

defeat

defeat -PWMP *alaq₂

defeat, overcome -PWMP *maŋ-alaq₂

defeated

defeated -PWMP *ka-alaq

to lose, be defeated -PMP *talu₂

defecate

defecate -POC *bekas₄

defecate -PAN *C<um>aki

defecate -POC *bekeR₂

defecate -PEMP *beŋkeR

to defecate -PAN *pu-Caqi

to defecate -PMP *t<um>aqi

to defecate -PAN *C<um>aqi

defecating

strain while defecating or in childbirth -PWMP *teRan

wet; wash the anus after defecating -PMP *biseq

wipe after defecating -PAN *qiluS

defecation

bear down, press out, as in defecation or childbirth -PMP *maŋ-qezen

bearing down, pressing out, as in defecation or childbirth -PMP *qezen

gaseous defecation -PPh *p<aR>utput

defect

visible defect of the eyes -PPh *paq(e)liŋ

defective

bad, defective -PAN-F *kuya₁

having defective eyes -PWMP *ileR

defend

defend oneself, parry a blow -PWMP *taŋgul

defend, protect one’s interests -PPH *agum-an

to defend -PPH *kampi

deferentially

sit deferentially - *(loan)

defiled

defiled, ritually polluted, ceremonially unclean - *(loan)

definite

come to rest in a definite place, settle down, as birds on a tree -PMP *tekas

definite article - *(noise)

deflate

deflate -PWMP *ke(m)pes

deflate, shrink -PMP *ki(m)pes

deflate, shrink -PMP *kampis

deflate, subside (of a swelling) -PWMP *impes

deflate; empty - *-pis₁(root)

deflated

deflated, empty -PWMP *umpis

deflated, shrunken -PPh *qepés

empty, deflated - *-pes(root)

empty, deflated, shrunken -PMP *i(m)pes

deflect

deflect, divert -PWMP *lias

deflected

deflected off course -PWMP *bias

deflexa

loquat tree and fruit:Eriobotrya deflexa -PAN-F *Ritu

defoliated

to peel off skin, bark or leaves; excoriated, decorticated, defoliated -PWMP *laklak

deformation

deformation of the body -PPH *kimay

degree

stative prefix marking high degree of some quality; extremely; superlative marker -PPH *ka-₃

dehortative

dehortative: don’t! -POC *tabuna

dehortative: don't! -PWMP *ian₁

dehortatory

dehortatory exclamation -PWMP *anaŋ

dehydrated

dry, dehydrated -PMP *tegaŋ

deictic

deictic particle: this -PAN-F *nay

proximal deictic: this -PAN *qani₁

this, proximal deictic - *(noise)

deity

ancestor, deity, divinity -PWMP *qiaŋ

deity -PMP *qatuan

deixis

1p deixis and spatial reference: this; here -PAN *ti

1p deixis and spatial reference: this; here -PAN *i-ti

2pl deixis and spatio-temporal reference: that; there, then -PAN *-Cu

3p deixis and spatial reference: that, there (distant?) -PMP *-di

distal spatio-temporal deixis: that, there; then -PAN *-na

proximal spatio-temporal deixis: this, here; now -PAN *-ni

delay

delay - *(loan)

put off, delay, postpone, break one’s promise -PPH *liwag

deliberately

to speak clearly and deliberately -PMP *tutur₁

delicacy

delicacy of pounded foods - *(noise)

rice delicacy - *(loan)

delicious

pleasant, agreeable; tasty, delicious -PWMP *sedep₂

tasty, delicious -PCEMP *ñañam

tasty, delicious -PMP *ñaman

tasty, delicious (?) -PAN *ñamñam

deliver

to deliver, send something to someone -PPH *tugen

delivered

be escorted, be delivered -PWMP *hateD-en

delouse

delouse; preen the feathers -PWMP *ma-ñiksik

delouse; preen the feathers -PWMP *siksik₁

to delouse -PMP *k<um>utu

to delouse -PAN *k<um>uCu

to delouse -PWMP *maR-kutu

to delouse -PWMP *ma-ŋutu

to delouse someone -PWMP *kutu-an

deloused

be deloused -PPH *sukay-án

demolish

demolish -PAN *RibaS

to destroy, demolish -PPH *Rebaq-en

to destroy, demolish -PPH *gebáq

to open, as a fist; to blossom, of flowers; break up, dismantle, demolish -PWMP *bekaj

to open, as a fist; to blossom, of flowers; split open, break up, dismantle, demolish -PMP *be(ŋ)kaR

to smash, demolish, destroy -PPH *rakrak-en

to smash, demolish, destroy -PPH *rakrák

demolished

destroyed, demolished -PPH *ma-Rebaq

demonstrative

demonstrative marker of uncertain meaning -PMP *iaqi

demonstrative pronoun and adverb: this, here; that, there -PAN *si ia₂

demonstrative pronoun and adverb: this, here; that, there -PMP *ia₂

demonstrative: this (?) -POC *ari

den

cavity, pit, den; to excavate a pit -PMP *baŋbaŋ₃

lair, den of an animal -PAN-F *Nibu

Dendrocalamus

bamboo of very large diameter, probablyDendrocalamus sp. -PAN *betuŋ₁

Dendrocygna

wild duck:Dendrocygna sp. -PWMP *bariwis

denial

fart, flatulence; expression of disbelief or denial -PMP *qetut

dense

a tree with dense clusters of red flowers, the Indian coral tree,Erythrina indica -POC *rarap

a tree with dense clusters of red flowers, the Indian coral tree,Erythrina indica -PMP *dapdap₁

dense undergrowth -PWMP *samek

dense vegetation - *(noise)

dense, close together - *(noise)

leafy, dense, of foliage -PWMP *ma-dahun

set close together, dense, luxuriant -PMP *lebet

thick, of objects; dense, of crowds -PMP *tebel₂

tree with dense clusters of red flowers, the Indian coral tree,Erythrina indica -PMP *depdep

densely

grass; grow densely, as grass -POC *buburu

grow densely, of vegetation -PWMP *benes

dent

dent -PMP *kepik

dent - *(near)

dent, dented -PWMP *picuk

dent, dimple -PAN *piuk

dent, dimple -PWMP *lemiq₁

nick or dent on the cutting edge of a blade -PPH *lupiŋ

dental

weevil that infests wood, bamboo, and rice; dust produced by the boring of this insect; tooth decay, dental caries -PMP *bukbuk₃

dented

dent, dented -PWMP *picuk

dented, having a jagged edge; hare-lipped -PWMP *sumbiŋ

dented, having an indentation -PWMP *picek₂

deny

concealed, secret; to deny, hide something -PPH *liméd

deny, refuse to acknowledge -PWMP *uŋkir

depart

depart, separate from -PPh *ayáw

go, walk away, depart -PMP *panaw₂

go, walk away, depart -PAN *paNaw

to leave, depart (?) -PAN *um-aŋay

to lift, stand up, arise, emerge, begin, depart, carry; cargo; take something; take a wife -PMP *buhat₃

departure

departure (?) -PAN *aŋay

dependent

child, offspring; son, daughter; brother's child (man speaking), sister's child (woman speaking); young animal or plant; young; small (for its kind); dependent or component part of something larger; native, resident, inhabitant; interest on a loan -PMP *anak

deplore

feel sad about, deplore -PWMP *iruq

deposited

be lifted up or deposited on the beach by tide or current -POC *puRe₁

branches carried along and deposited by water -PPH *Rapuq₂

derision

ridicule, derision - *(loan)

sneer, laugh in derision -POC *inap

derivational

derivational circumfix, probably used to form deverbal nouns of location -PWMP *paR- ... -an

derivational prefix, used to form deverbal nouns -PWMP *paR-

derived

a tree from which a sort of shampoo is derived:Albizia spp. -PWMP *laŋiR

dermal

sore, dermal irritation, wound -POC *lake

Derris

a plant used to stun fish:Derris elliptica -POC *punat

a plant used to stun fish:Derris elliptica -PMP *bunat

a plant with root used to stun fish:Derris elliptica -PWMP *tub(e)liq

a plant with roots that are pounded and put in rivers to stun fish:Derris elliptica -PAN *tubah

fish poison:Derris spp. -POC *tupa₂

was poisoned byDerris root -PWMP *t<in>uba

descend

descend, enter -POC *solop

descend, go down -PWMP *h<um>uluR

descend, lower -PWMP *ma-huluR

descend; go down; land from a boat -POC *sipo

go down, descend -POC *sobu

go down, descend -PEMP *sombu

to descend, come or go down -PWMP *t<um>uRun

to descend, go down; to lower -PMP *tuRun₁

descendants

descendants -PPh *ka-apu-an

descendants (?) -PPh *paŋ-apu

descending

relative of the third ascending or descending generation -PCMP *usi

relative of the third or fourth ascending or descending generation -PMP *piut

descent

a steep descent -PPH *bug(e)suk

desert

to desert a place, flee -PPH *layas₁

deserted

lonely, quiet, deserted -PWMP *sepi

design

draw, make marks or designs -PEMP *tosi

draw, make marks or designs -PCEMP *tusi

make a design; tattoo -PWMP *batik₁

mottled design, as of a tattoo -PMP *batek

plan, design, project - *(noise)

tattooed, marked with a design -PMP *b<in>etik

tattooed, marked with a design -PAN *b<in>eCik

to tattoo, make designs -PAN-F *p<um>ataS

vortical design or motion -PWMP *puyu₂

designate

to mark, designate - *(noise)

designation

one quarter; designation for a division of society, probably a lineage -PMP *suku

desire

crave, desire, intensely -PPh *hínam

desire, want - *(loan)

die; dead; sick; tired (of); faint, lose consciousness; eclipse; new moon; extinguished; blocked (path); paralyzed; numb, asleep (limbs); die down (wind); waterless (springs, rivers); dry up (plants); beaten (in a game); fixed (price); terminate a matter, reach an agreement; disaster; intensive, superlative; desire intensely, be deeply in love -PMP *m-atay

having desire for -PWMP *ka-ibeR

interest, desire - *(near)

liver; seat of the emotions, inner self: core, mind, will, desire, feeling, intelligence, understanding; to want or wish; hollow of the palm of the hand or sole of the foot; pith, as of bamboo -PMP *qatay

saliva in the mouth; drool; desire, crave, lust for -POC *ipoR

saliva in the mouth; drool; desire, crave, lust for -PMP *ibeR

to want, desire -PMP *pia₃

want, desire -PWMP *gemes₂

want, desire, wish or long for -PMP *pian

desiring

desiring, craving -PWMP *ma-ibeR

despite

conjunction: despite, nonetheless -PMP *baka₁

dessert

dessert made of rice -PPH *ibus₂

dessicate

to dessicate, parch near a fire -PWMP *salay

destination

direction, goal, destination -PMP *tuzu

to come, arrive; reach as far as; reach a destination; to complete -PMP *teka₁

destitute

destitute, without means of support -PPH *pug(e)rút

destroy

to sink something; to destroy -PWMP *ma-ŋaRem

destroy -PWMP *lacak

destroy - *(loan)

to destroy, demolish -PPH *Rebaq-en

to destroy, demolish -PPH *gebáq

to destroy, ruin -PPH *bagbág

to smash, demolish, destroy -PPH *rakrak-en

to smash, demolish, destroy -PPH *rakrák

destroyed

come to an end, be destroyed -PMP *qa(m)pus

destroyed, broken apart -PPH *bagbag-en

destroyed, demolished -PPH *ma-Rebaq

destruction

destruction - *(noise)

destructive

destructive insect -PWMP *taŋaq₃

insect destructive to rice -PWMP *zaŋaw

detach

to detach a hand, or bunch of bananas from the stalk -PPH *sapád-en

detached

broken off; islet; detached reef -POC *motus

unfastened, detached -PWMP *taŋgal

detail

details, particulars -PPH *bágay-bágay

thing; detail -PPH *bágay

detention

to bind, tie the hands or feet, as a person in detention, or an animal to be slaughtered; restraining rope -PMP *Rapus

deteriorate

to worsen, deteriorate, as a condition -PPH *ludlud₂

determine

shake something to determine its unseen contents -PWMP *kutug

detour

go around the edge, take a detour -PPH *liklík

deverbal

derivational circumfix, probably used to form deverbal nouns of location -PWMP *paR- ... -an

derivational prefix, used to form deverbal nouns -PWMP *paR-

deviations

winding, full of curves or deviations -PWMP *kiluq kiluq

device

a clasp or button, fastening or closing device -PWMP *kaput-an

device for making thread or yarn -PWMP *laway-an

restraining device on animals -PAN *sakal

scarecrow device in paddy field - *(near)

devil

whirlwind, dust devil -PPH *qali-puRut

devoted

loyal, faithful, devoted - *(loan)

devour

to gulp, devour, eat like a pig -PPH *habhab

dew

dew -PAN *damuq₂

dew -PMP *lamuR

dew -PAN *ñamuR

dew -PMP *hapun₁

dew -PWMP *dahemuR

dew -PCEMP *au₁

dew - *(near)

dew - *(noise)

dew, mist, fog -PWMP *qembun

dew, mist, fog -PWMP *ambun

dewdrop

dewdrop -PAN-F *qulas

dextrous

dextrous, agile, skillful -PWMP *sikap₂

diagonal

rafter, diagonal bamboo poles to which thatch panels are lashed -PMP *kasaw₁

diameter

bamboo of very large diameter, probablyDendrocalamus sp. -PAN *betuŋ₁

diamond

diamond - *(loan)

diarrhea

watery diarrhea -PPH *íris

diarrhoea

colic, choleric diarrhoea -PWMP *kadaqdaq

colic, choleric diarrhoea -PWMP *kadadak

diarrhoea -PWMP *ciderit

diarrhoea - *(near)

to squirt, of liquids; diarrhoea -PWMP *cirit

dibble

dibble stick -PWMP *tugal

dibble, plant seeds with a dibble stick -PMP *hasek₁

plant seed by sprinkling in dibble holes -PWMP *maŋ-bubud

sprinkle seed, sow seed in dibble holes -PMP *budbud₁

sprinkle seed, sow seed in dibble holes -PWMP *bubud

to dibble -PWMP *ma-nugal

to dibble, plant seeds with a dibble stick -PWMP *maŋ-hasek₁

dibbling

field made by dibbling -PPh *hesek-án

to plant seeds by dibbling -PPH *hesek₁

dice

dice - *(loan)

dichotoma

a plant, the bast fibers of which are used in binding and plaiting:Maranta dichotoma -PWMP *banban

a tree:Cordia dichotoma -PAN *qaNuNaŋ

a tree:Cordia dichotoma -PMP *hanunaŋ

die

die in throngs; be on the verge of death -PMP *m-atay m-atay

die; dead -POC *mate

die; dead -PCEMP *matay₁

die; dead; eclipse of sun or moon -PAN *ma-aCay

die; dead; sick; tired (of); faint, lose consciousness; eclipse; new moon; extinguished; blocked (path); paralyzed; numb, asleep (limbs); die down (wind); waterless (springs, rivers); dry up (plants); beaten (in a game); fixed (price); terminate a matter, reach an agreement; disaster; intensive, superlative; desire intensely, be deeply in love -PMP *m-atay

old, of people; very, extremely; to die, dead (euphemism) -PMP *ma-tuqah

died

one who has died, dead person -POC *m<in>ate

difference

with no difference, equally to both -PMP *sama-sama

different

another, other; different, distinct -PPH *iba

different - *(loan)

different; another -PWMP *laqin

except, other than; another, different -PPH *sabáliq

keep to oneself; be different; alone -PCEMP *kese

negator of nominals; other, different -PWMP *beken

someone; other people; be different -PAN *duma

striped, having stripes or streaks of different color -PWMP *garit

striped, in bands of different color -PWMP *patelaŋ

to pass one another while going in different directions -PPH *sub(e)líq

varied, different (?) -PCEMP *kese-kese

difficult

able to resist or persist, as rice grains that are difficult to husk -PWMP *betaq₁

difficult, complicated -PWMP *sulit₁

difficult, taxing (of work); serious (of illness) -PWMP *payaq

weight, heaviness, weightiness; difficult; pregnant -PMP *beReqat

difficulty

a state of pain or difficulty; be afflicted by illness -PWMP *ka-sakit-an

difficulty in breathing -PWMP *seŋek

to breathe heavily or with difficulty -PPH *haŋes

to gasp, have difficulty breathing -PMP *ŋepŋep

trouble, toil, difficulty -PWMP *suker

trouble, worry, difficulty - *(loan)

dig

a hole in the ground; to dig up, excavate, as tubers -PMP *kali₂

a hole in the ground; to dig up, excavate, as tubers -PAN *kalih

dig -PWMP *kutkut₁

dig a hole -PPH *kadkad

dig a hole, as by scratching -PPH *kawkaw₂

dig a hole, hollow something out -PPH *kabkáb

dig in the soil -PAN *kurkur

dig up - *(noise)

dig up something buried, disinter -PWMP *hukay

dig up the ground with a digging stick -PWMP *ma-ñuqan

dig up the soil - *(noise)

dig up the soil - *(noise)

dig, dig up - *(noise)

to dig -POC *kali ~ keli

to dig -PPH *kubkub₃

to dig a hole or pit -PWMP *maR-lubaŋ

to dig up -PCEMP *keli

to dig up, excavate, as tubers -PAN *k<um>ali

to dig with a digging stick, to husk coconuts with a husking stick -POC *kojom-i

to dig, dig up -PMP *ma-ŋali

to turn over, to dig by turning over, as rocks -POC *kili

digging

dig up the ground with a digging stick -PWMP *ma-ñuqan

digging stick -PMP *suqan

digging stick -PMP *ka-kali

digging stick -PAN *ka-kalih

digging stick (?) -PWMP *pa-ŋali

sharp pointed stick used in planting crops and in husking coconuts; digging stick, coconut husking stick -POC *kojom

to dig with a digging stick, to husk coconuts with a husking stick -POC *kojom-i

tool for cutting with a forward digging motion -PPH *sudsud₂

tool for digging - *(near)

dilate

dilate - *(noise)

dilate, open wide - *(near)

stretch open, dilate -PPh *biŋát

diligent

busy, diligent -PWMP *ku(n)zit

industrious, diligent -PPH *sipag

dilute

thin, of liquids such as soup; to dilute -PPH *lab(e)náw

dim

dark, dim -PMP *helem

dark, dim -PAN *Selem

dark, dim -PWMP *kulem

dim, dark -PMP *ma-hulem

dim, dark -PAN *ma-Sulem

dim, dark, obscure -PWMP *ma-qilem

dim, dark, obscure -PMP *qilem

dim, not well-lit -PPH *kulap

dim, of light -PWMP *kelep

dim, of light -PWMP *kelap₁

dim, of vision -PCMP *balabu

dim, of vision -PAN-F *ma-pukaw

dim, overcast -PWMP *ludem

misty, dim -POC *Rapun

misty, hazy, dim -POC *ma-Rapun

dimentions

equal in dimentions -PWMP *repeŋ

dimness

dimness, twilight -PMP *hulem

dimness, twilight -PAN *Sulem

dimple

dent, dimple -PAN *piuk

dent, dimple -PWMP *lemiq₁

Diodon

porcupine fish, puffer fish,Diodon sp. -PMP *taRutuŋ

Dioscorea

kind of tuber:Dioscorea spp. -PWMP *gaduŋ

lesser yam:Dioscorea sp. -PPH *tugíq

potato yam, aerial yam:Dioscorea bulbifera -POC *pwatika

wild yam:Dioscorea sp. -POC *balai₂

yam:Dioscorea alata Linn. -PMP *qubi

Diospyros

a tree:Diospyros sp. -PPH *kanadem

a tree:Diospyros spp. -PPh *talaŋ₁

kind of ebony or persimmon tree with fruits that are pounded and used to stupefy fish:Diospyros spp. -PPH *kanúmay

large forest tree with edible brown, hairy fruits:Diospyros discolor -PPH *kamaguŋ

plant sp.:Diospyros discolor -PAN *kamaya

dip

a dip net -PAN *Ra-RauS

dip net, scoop net -PMP *lawaq₁

immerse, dip in water -POC *puraq₂

immerse, dip in water -PMP *budaq₂

to dip food in sauce -PPH *teltel

to dip in liquid -PPH *sawsáw

Diplodiscus

a tree with edible fruit:Diplodiscus paniculatus Turz. -PPH *baRubu

dipper

coconut shell drinking cup or dipper -PPH *úŋut

dipper, scoop (water) - *(loan)

dipper, scoop; to scoop, ladle up -PAN *taku₂

ladle, dipper, scoop, cup -POC *kapuq

ladle, dipper, scoop, cup -PMP *kabuq

scoop up water; water scoop or dipper -PMP *tabuq

spoon, ladle, dipper -PAN *Cidu

Dipterocarpus

a tree, probablyDipterocarpus spp.; resinous substance obtained from this tree -PWMP *balaw₂

direct

straight, direct; flat, level -POC *wane wane

to direct someone to something, to give instructions -PWMP *tuzuq-an

direction

askew, in a slanting direction -PMP *liliŋ₁

direction - *(loan)

direction, goal, destination -PMP *tuzu

eye, face, focal point, center or most prominent part; hole, aperture; doorway, window; budding part of plant; ‘eye’ of coconut; knot in wood; sun; core of a boil; blade of a knife; to awaken; operculum of a snail; mesh of a net; eye of a needle; noose of a trap; hearth; direction of the wind; head of a river; spring, source; lid, cover -PMP *mata

go against the current, oppose, go in the opposite direction -PPH *sudsud₃

left side or direction -PEMP *mauRi

left side or direction -POC *mawiRi

left side or direction -PAN *ka-wiRi

left side or direction -PAN *wiRi

look quickly here and there, look hastily in all directions -PPH *liŋát

place, location, direction -PWMP *dapít

point of the compass, direction -POC *mata ni aŋin

point of the compass, direction of the wind -PMP *mata nu haŋin

point out directions - *(noise)

postposition of location or direction -POC *solo₁

spatter, fly out in all directions -PMP *becik

to pass one another in coming from opposite directions -PWMP *sulaŋ

to pass one another while going in different directions -PPH *sub(e)líq

to point at, point out; give directions -POC *tusuq

to point at, point out; give directions -PAN *tuzuq₁

to point out, give directions (?) -PAN *pa-tuzuq

turn around, change direction -POC *li-liu

directly

go directly, take a shortcut -PWMP *la(n)t(e)qas

dirt

brush or shake off dust or dirt -PPH *pagpág

dirt filth - *(noise)

dirt on skin; dandruff -PAN *daki

dirt on skin; dandruff; tartar on teeth -PMP *daki

dirt under the nails -PWMP *taqi nu kuku

dirt, filth - *(noise)

dirt, grime - *(near)

dusty, full of dust or dirt -POC *tanoq tanoq

scrub hard to remove dirt -PPH *ludlud₁

scruffiness of the skin; dirt, dregs -POC *kani-kani

to brush away dust or dirt -PWMP *paspas₂

to brush or shake off dust or dirt -PPH *i-pagpág

dirty

black; dirty -PCEMP *ma-qitem, ma-qetem

dirty - *(near)

smeared, smudged, dirty with -PMP *lumeŋ

smeared, smudged, dirty with -PMP *lumes

smudge, dirty spot -PPH *dulit₂

to pick up with something to avoid getting dirty or burned -PAN *saput₂

disable

to cripple, disable someone -PPH *piláy-en

disagreeable

pungent odor, strong disagreeable smell -PWMP *saŋ(e)hid

recall or drag up disagreeable past experiences -PWMP *uŋkat

disagreement

disagreement -PWMP *tumaŋ

disappear

disappear behind something that envelops or blocks the view -PAN *lipuC

disappear under water -PWMP *leñep

disappear under water -PWMP *leñeb

dive; sink, disappear under water - *-Neb₁(root)

dive; sink, disappear under water - *-ñep(root)

lose, disappear, be lost (as possessions) -PMP *qilaŋ

sink, disappear - *-leb(root)

sink, disappear under water -PWMP *leñej

sink, disappear under water -PWMP *teleŋ

sink, disappear under water -PMP *telem

submerge, disappear under water -PAN *lezep

disapproval

interjection of disapproval or disgust -PMP *qis

disarray

shabby looking, in disarray, of the feathers of fowls -PWMP *kuyu

shabby looking, in disarray, of the feathers of fowls -PWMP *kuyut

disaster

die; dead; sick; tired (of); faint, lose consciousness; eclipse; new moon; extinguished; blocked (path); paralyzed; numb, asleep (limbs); die down (wind); waterless (springs, rivers); dry up (plants); beaten (in a game); fixed (price); terminate a matter, reach an agreement; disaster; intensive, superlative; desire intensely, be deeply in love -PMP *m-atay

disaster -PMP *baraq

evil, harm, disaster - *(noise)

disastrous

disastrous, incurable - *(noise)

disbelief

fart, flatulence; expression of disbelief or denial -PMP *qetut

discard

abort, discard -PWMP *maŋ-buqaŋ

discard, throw away; banish -PMP *buqaŋ

discarded

be thrown away or discarded -PWMP *b<in>uaŋ

discharge

discharge of pus -POC *bura₂

disciple

disciple, follower - *(loan)

discolor

large forest tree with edible brown, hairy fruits:Diospyros discolor -PPH *kamaguŋ

plant sp.:Diospyros discolor -PAN *kamaya

discolored

dark, discolored -PPH *tudem

reddish; discolored, as the skin over a bruise -PWMP *baŋbaŋ₈

disconcert

disconcert, confuse -PMP *beŋaŋ₁

disconnect

separate, disconnect -PMP *peka

discouraged

hurt, frightened, or discouraged by previous bad experience -PWMP *zeRa

discuss

talk, talk about, discuss -PAN-F *kawaS₂

discussion

fruit; areca palm and nut; grain; berry; seed; nut; endosperm of a sprouting coconut; kidney; heart; finger; calf of the leg; testicle; various insects; scar tissue; roe; bud; flower; blossom; bear fruit; words, speech, or songs; meaning, contents of discussion; numeral classifier for roundish objects; buttock; Adam's apple; nipple of the breast; button; marble; tattooing -PMP *buaq

speak, discussion - *(loan)

disease

a fungal disease of the oral tract: thrush -PMP *guham

a fungal disease of the oral tract: thrush -PAN *guSam

a skin disease: framboesia, yaws -PMP *puRu₁

a skin disease: ringworm -POC *lapa₂

disease that causes swelling of body parts -PWMP *baguq

disease which produces scaly skin: ichthyosis -PWMP *bugis

flaky skin disease -POC *kaka₁

get smallpox; get swine disease -PPh *butih-en

scurfy skin disease; scabies -PAN *kuris₁

scurfy skin disease; scabies -PAN *kudis

skin disease -POC *kuli-kulit

skin disease - *(loan)

skin disease - *(noise)

smallpox; swine disease -PPh *butí

disgust

exclamation of wonder, disgust, etc. -PAN *i₁

interjection of disapproval or disgust -PMP *qis

disgusted

disgusted, revolted -PWMP *zizi

dish

dish made of chopped meat or vegetables -PPH *t<in>adtád

dish, bowl (of clay or wood) -PMP *panay

dish, plate -PAN-F *piad

plate dish - *(loan)

plate, dish - *(loan)

spicy condiment side dish with rice - *(loan)

to serve food, dish up food -PPH *dúlut

disinter

dig up something buried, disinter -PWMP *hukay

disk

moon, month; menstruation; shell disk collar piece -PMP *bulan₃

shell disk used as ear-ring -POC *sabi-sabi

dislocated

dislocated, of bones -PWMP *salaq₂

dislodge

to fall, of many things at once; to dislodge the contents of a container by knocking it against something -PAN *taktak₁

dismantle

take apart, dismantle; break open -PMP *buŋkaR

to open, as a fist; to blossom, of flowers; break up, dismantle, demolish -PWMP *bekaj

to open, as a fist; to blossom, of flowers; split open, break up, dismantle, demolish -PMP *be(ŋ)kaR

dismount

to climb down, dismount; unload -PPH *haq(e)was

disordered

tangled, disordered, untidy -PWMP *kusut

disorders

be affected by itching, be infected with scabies or other itchy skin disorders -PWMP *gatel-en

disoriented

confused, disoriented by loud noise -PWMP *begaw

mentally disoriented -PWMP *buŋaw₁

disperse

break up, fall into pieces, scatter, disperse -PWMP *baRbaR

disperse - *(loan)

scatter, disperse -PPh *wat(e)nág

scatter, disperse -PWMP *ampuk

to separate people, disperse a gathering -PWMP *butas₁

display

to show, display -PPH *i-pa-kita

displeasure

expression, as of displeasure or surprise -PPh *atá

disposal

disposal of objects, banishment of people -PWMP *paŋ-buaŋ-an

dispossess

take away from, dispossess -PWMP *pucut₂

dispute

oppose, dispute with -PWMP *cakaq

to confront one another, as in a dispute -PPH *saŋsáŋ

disseminate

disseminate, strew around - *(noise)

dissention

argue, quarrel, dissention - *(noise)

dissolve

to dissolve something in water; swish around in water -PPH *nawnáw

to melt, dissolve -PPH *tunaw-en

to melt, dissolve -PPH *túnaw

distal

distal spatio-temporal deixis: that, there; then -PAN *-na

distance

attack from concealment, criticize from a distance -PPH *libák

hear at a distance -PPh *ántiŋ

see in the distance -PMP *tindaw

to distance oneself, move far off -PPH *d<um>ayuq

to see at a distance (?) -PWMP *tampay

to walk a certain distance (?) -PPH *lakaj-en

distant

distant rolling thunder -PAN *deRuŋ₁

exclamation to express surprise, call to a friend, respond to a distant call, etc. -PMP *huy

far, distant -PPH *hadawiq

far, far away, far off, distant -PPH *ma-adayuq

distended

distended abdomen -PWMP *buntit

distended, inflated (of the belly) -PMP *bunter

swollen, distended, of the belly -PWMP *buntuD

distilled

alcohol, distilled liquor - *(loan)

distinct

another, other; different, distinct -PPH *iba

distinction

equally, without distinction -PWMP *pada pada

distinguished

object of respect; distinguished or respected person -PWMP *empu-an

distracted

become distracted or confused, as by noise -PWMP *liŋáw

distress

exclamation of pain, distress, etc. -PMP *aduq

to exclaim in pain, distress, etc. -PWMP *maŋ-aduq

distribute

distribute, as food at a feast -POC *wa(n)se

distribute, deal out -PPh *wáras

distribute, divide, give -POC *wa(n)se-a

to distribute an inheritance (?) -PPH *taRak

to distribute, pass out shares (as of food) -PPH *bunuŋ

to distribute, pass out shares of food -PPH *tagtág

to distribute, spead out evenly -PPH *wadwad

distributive

distributive; one-by-one, one at a time -PAN *isa isa

district

district, administrative unit - *(loan)

disturb

disturb -PWMP *kacaw

disturb, annoy -PMP *usik

to bother, disturb, annoy or inconvenience someone -PPH *abála

disturbance

disturbance, confusion -PWMP *sigaw

to fuss, complain; to rebel, cause a disturbance -PPH *idal

disturbed

mentally disturbed -PWMP *ma-gila

disunite

separate, disunite -PMP *le(ŋ)kaŋ

ditch

artificially enclosed catchment for water: well, ditch -PWMP *paRigi

canal, ditch -PAN *kali₁

ditch -PWMP *abaŋ₂

ditch, canal -PWMP *parik

ditch, canal -PWMP *parij

ditch, conduit -PWMP *qiliR-an

ditch, rain channel caused by water dripping from a house roof -PWMP *paspas₃

make a gutter, ditch, or channel -PWMP *ŋ-abaŋ

dive

dive - *(noise)

dive submerge - *-ñeb(root)

dive, immerse -PWMP *ce(R)neb

dive; immerse oneself -PWMP *salem

dive; sink, disappear under water - *-Neb₁(root)

dive; sink, disappear under water - *-ñep(root)

plunge, dive into -PPH *tapuák

sink, immerse oneself in water, dive into the water; to set, of the sun -PAN *selem₁

to dive, submerge -PWMP *tilem₂

to dive, swim under water -PAN *l<um>edep

to dive, swim under water -PAN *ledep

to plunge, dive into water -PWMP *sesed

divert

deflect, divert -PWMP *lias

to divert the attention of someone -PPH *bakaŋ₂

divide

become four, divide into four (intr.) -PWMP *maR-epat

cut through, sever, divide by cutting -PWMP *qutas

distribute, divide, give -POC *wa(n)se-a

divide -PEMP *wa(n)se

divide into five -PPh *paR-lima-en

divide into five (?) -PMP *pa-lima

divide into four (?) -PMP *paR-epat-en

divide into groups of five -PWMP *maR-lima

divide into groups of five -PWMP *maŋ-lima

divide into multiple parts -POC *wa(n)se wa(n)se

divide into seven parts (?) -PWMP *maR-pitu

divide into six (?) -PMP *pa-enem

divide into two -PWMP *maR-duha

divide into two parts -PWMP *man-duha

divide into x (x = numeral) -PAN *paR-₂

divide, separate things that are joined -POC *pokaq

divide, share; portion (as of food) -POC *boi₁

numeral prefix, divide into x (x = numeral) -PMP *pa-₁

part, separate, divide -PWMP *ceray

share, portion, inheritance; to allot, divide property -PMP *baqagi

split, cleave, divide -POC *potak

split, divide -PWMP *balaq

split, divide, break off -POC *topiq

split, divide, break off -PAN *Cebiq

split, divide, break off; section of a betel nut -PMP *tebiq

to divide into shares, give out portions -PPH *hátaR

to divide into three parts -PWMP *maR-telu

to divide, share out -POC *tupa₃

to divide, share out (as an inheritance?) -POC *pari₂

divided

be divided into four -PWMP *epat-en

be divided into seven parts -PWMP *pitu-en

be divided into three (?) -PWMP *telu-en

be divided into two -PMP *duha-en

be divided into two -PAN *duSa-en

divided into four (?) -PMP *ma-epat

divided into ten parts (?) -PWMP *puluq-en

divination

divine, find by divination, tell fortunes - *(loan)

divine

divine, find by divination, tell fortunes - *(loan)

divinity

ancestor, deity, divinity -PWMP *qiaŋ

division

a division, share -POC *wa(n)se-ŋa

division, partition, intervening space -PMP *belat₁

dual division, moiety -PCEMP *bali₈

dual division, moiety == cluster (a) answer, oppose, opposite side or part; partner, friend, enemy -PMP *baliw₁

one quarter; designation for a division of society, probably a lineage -PMP *suku

divorce

parting, separation, as in divorce -PWMP *sarak

divulge

divulge secrets; recant -PPH *buybúy

dizzy

dizzy - *(loan)

dizzy, drunk -PAN *ma-laŋu

dizzy, giddy -PAN *-medaw

do

ability, skill, knowledge how to do something -PWMP *ka-taqu₁

be attracted to, swarm around, as ants do on finding food -PPH *dapu

continue on with doing something, do immediately, without hesitation -PPH *dágus₁

dare to do something -PWMP *amaŋ amaŋ

do - *(noise)

do again, repeat -PWMP *q<um>uman

do eight times -PAN *paR-walu-en

do eight times -PWMP *ka-walu

do four times -PAN *paR-Sepat-en

do one's utmost - *(loan)

do secretly -PWMP *suleb

do six times -PAN *paR-enem-en

do six times -PWMP *ka-enem

do something quickly, in a hurry -PPH *paspás₄

do something simultaneously -PWMP *maR-deŋan

do something to someone -PWMP *maŋ-apa-i

do something together with others -PAN *sabay₁

do something together with others -PWMP *sa(m)bay

do something twice (?) -PCEMP *maka-dua

do something twice (?) -PMP *maka-duha

do something with someone else, perform an action together -PAN *mi-da-duSa

do something wrong, make a mistake; miss the target -PWMP *s<um>alaq

do such-and-such (action unspecified) -PWMP *maŋ-anu

do with the hand -PPH *kemet

do with the hand -PMP *kamet

do wrong, do in reverse -PAN *suŋa

do, bring about, change something -PWMP *ka-buhat

do, make -POC *pait

do, make -PCEMP *bait₂

do, make, create, perform; to work; to wager: deed; thing; creation; behavior, conduct, performance; work; a bet; because, on account of, through the action of; need, use for something; necessary; for (benefactive) -PMP *buhat₂

do, perform - *(noise)

force someone to do something -PPH *pilit-en

go or do something slowly, take one’s time -PPH *ananay₂

hero, war-leader; dare to do -PMP *baRani

hide, conceal, do in secret -PWMP *lihim

hide, conceal, do in secret -PWMP *lihem

impose one’s will, force or compel someone to do something -PWMP *teRel

make, do, perform -PWMP *maR-buhat

path, made by a human as opposed to an animal; way or means to do something -PAN *zalan

path, made by a human as opposed to an animal; way or means to do something; wake of a boat; the Milky Way -PMP *zalan

point at, aim for; intend to do something; do something intentionally -PPH *tuyuq

quick, do quickly; do in a short time -PPH *dalíq

repeat, do again -PAN *ulaŋ

send on a mission, command someone to do something -PWMP *utus₂

to call on a person to do something -PAN *suRuq₂

to cloy, satiate, do something to excess and so lose interest -PPh *s<um>aweqaq

to do or go first -PMP *h<um>una

to do or go first; to lead -PMP *(q)<um>una

to do or go first; to lead -PAN *(q)<um>uNah

to insist; to force, compel someone to do something -PPH *pílit

to make holes in sacks of rice, etc., as chickens or rats do -PPH *butbut₃

to plan, prepare to do something -PPH *gayák

to teach, show someone how to do something -PPH *nau

twice, do something twice -POC *paka-rua

twice, do something twice -PMP *paka-duha

twice, do something twice -PAN *paka-duSa

unite, do simultaneously -PMP *raŋkep₂

unite, do simultaneously -PWMP *raŋkeb

verbal prefix marking potential action or ability to do something -PWMP *maka-

well-equipped, having what one needs to do live or do a job -PPH *saŋkap

docile

tame, docile -POC *ma-nacam

tame, docile -PPH *ma-haq(e)muq

tame, docile, mild-mannered -PPH *haq(e)muq

dock

dock, pier, wharf - *(loan)

dodge

dodge, evade, avoid -PWMP *qilag

dog

a plant with flowers the shape of a dog's tail, used to treat abscesses -PMP *ikuR ikuR ni asu

barking of a dog -PAN *qaŋqaŋ

dog -PPH *qiduq

dog -PAN *asu₁

dog - *(near)

howling or yelping of a dog -PAN *quaŋ₂

hunt with dogs -PWMP *maŋ-asu

hunting dog -PPh *paŋ-qanup

interjection used to call a dog -PPH *tútuq

mournful howl of a dog -PMP *quŋal

slurp up food or water, eat like a pig or dog; gulp down -PAN *sabsab

slurp up food or water; eat like a pig or dog; gulp down -PAN *tabtab₂

snatch with the mouth, as a dog seizing something in its mouth and running away with it -PPH *sak(e)mál

to bark, as a hunting dog; shouting -PWMP *giak

to bark, of a dog -PAN *hulhul₁

to bark, of a dog -PAN *q<um>aŋqaŋ

to bark, of a dog -PAN *qawqaw

to grip with the teeth, as a dog in carrying something -PWMP *saŋal

to growl, as a dog -POC *ŋuru

to howl or yelp, of a dog -PWMP *maŋ-quaŋ

to howl, of a dog -PPH *tahúl

to howl, of a dog -PPH *taqul

to howl, of a dog -PAN *qauŋ

to howl, of dogs -PMP *aluluŋ

to lap up water, like a dog; to guzzle, drink insatiably -PPH *rakrak

to pant, as a dog with open mouth -PPH *halhál

doing

continue doing something, proceed without stopping -PWMP *tarus

continue on with doing something, do immediately, without hesitation -PPH *dágus₁

lose interest in doing something (?) -PPH *tantán

reason, pretext, excuse for doing something -PWMP *dalih-an

to keep on doing something, continue in one’s ways -PPH *útas

what are you doing? what’s happening? -PAN *ma-kuja

Dolichandrone

a tree:Dolichandrone spathacea -PMP *tui₁

doll

doll -PWMP *a-anak-an

doll - *(loan)

doll (?) -PWMP *anak anak-an

dolphin

dolphin -POC *kuriap

dolphin - *(loan)

dolphinfish

dolphinfish -POC *laji₂

dolphinfish -PMP *lajih

domestic

domestic chicken used as a decoy to attract a wild fowl into a trap -PPH *pa-ŋátiq

domestic fowl used as a decoy or lure to capture wild fowl -PPH *káti

domestic fowl used as a decoy or lure to capture wild fowl -PPH *kátiq

sound used to shoo away domestic animals -PWMP *cik

domesticated

domesticated animal -PWMP *qayam₂

domesticated pig -PAN *beRek

domesticated pig -PMP *babuy lebu

domesticated pig -PMP *babuy banua

pen, enclosure for domesticated animals -PMP *bara₁

pen, enclosure for domesticated animals -PMP *baRa₂

pen, enclosure for domesticated animals -PMP *bala₂

roam freely, of domesticated animals that are untethered -PMP *lambeR

roam freely, of domesticated animals that are untethered -PAN *labeR₂

don

cluster (c) == don mourning apparel; mourn for a deceased spouse -PMP *baliw₃

Donax

herb used in making baskets:Donax cannaeformis -PWMP *benben₂

herb used in making baskets:Donax cannaeformis -PWMP *benban

plant sp.:Donax canniformis, used as material for making baskets -PMP *niniq₁

done

past, done, gone - *(loan)

regret, remorse for something done -PWMP *selsel₂

straightaway, immediately; get done at once; continue on, lasting -PMP *tulus

to have had something done with it -PWMP *in-anu

to replace, substitute for; to return in kind something given or done -PWMP *ganti

was done, was loaded -PWMP *b<in>uhat-an

what has been said/done (to cause someone to react)? -PAN *k<in>uja

don't

dehortative: don’t! -POC *tabuna

dehortative: don't! -PWMP *ian₁

I don't know - *(noise)

I don't know! -PWMP *away₃

no, not; vetative marker: don't! -PMP *beliq₂

vetative; don't -PWMP *ejaq

vetative; don't -PMP *edaq

door

close a door -PMP *qaneb

close a door -PAN *qaNeb

door -PAN-F *paNiŋ

door -PAN *qaNeb

door -PAN *qiNeb

door - *-Neb₂(root)

door - *(loan)

door - *(noise)

door opening - *(noise)

door panel -PAN *qaNeb-an

door, doorway -PMP *kataman

door, gate, passageway -PWMP *lawaŋ₂

to close up, shut, as a door -PPH *liŋkep

to close, as a door; cover -PWMP *ma-naŋeb

to close, shut; door -PMP *qeneb₁

to close, to shut; door -PAN *qeNeb₁

doorway

door, doorway -PMP *kataman

eye, face, focal point, center or most prominent part; hole, aperture; doorway, window; budding part of plant; ‘eye’ of coconut; knot in wood; sun; core of a boil; blade of a knife; to awaken; operculum of a snail; mesh of a net; eye of a needle; noose of a trap; hearth; direction of the wind; head of a river; spring, source; lid, cover -PMP *mata

dorsal

fish with poisonous dorsal spines -POC *lopu

fish with poisonous dorsal spines -PMP *lepuq₂

fish with poisonous dorsal spines -POC *lopu

fish with poisonous dorsal spines -PMP *lepu

marine fish sp. with venomous dorsal spines, Rabbitfish:Siganus punctatus -PWMP *kiteŋ

dot

spot, dot -PWMP *pe(n)tik

doting

silly, senile, doting -PWMP *aŋu aŋu

double

scoop up with both hands; a double handful -PMP *aŋkup₁

telescoping basket, double basket -PPH *tampipiq

to fold over, double -PMP *ta(ŋ)kep₁

twins; double banana -PMP *qapij

double-headed

double-headed parrotfish -POC *kamatu

double-headed parrotfish -POC *amatu

doubt

doubt - *(loan)

doubt, hesitation, uncertainty; to doubt, hesitate, be of two minds -POC *rua rua₂

doubt, hesitation, uncertainty; to doubt, hesitate, be of two minds -PMP *duha duha₂

doubt; hesitation -PPH *alaŋ

particle of doubt or interrogation -PMP *ias₁

to hesitate; to doubt -PPH *alaŋ-alaŋ₂

to hesitate; to doubt -PPH *alaŋ-án

douse

douse a fire, extinguish a fire with water; to hiss, as water on fire -PMP *sebuh

douse a fire, extinguish a fire with water; to hiss, as water on fire’ -PAN *sebuS

pour water on; to douse (as a fire) -POC *puqi puqi

pour water on; to douse (as a fire) -PCEMP *buqi₂

to extinguish, douse a fire -PWMP *pideŋ

to extinguish, douse a fire -PAN *padeŋ

to extinguish, douse a fire -PWMP *padem

dove

a dove: probablyDucula spp. -PMP *baluj

a dove: probablyDucula spp. -PAN *baRuj

cooing of a dove -PAN *tutur₂

dove sp. -POC *baluc

dove, pigeon -PWMP *acaŋ

fruit dove, probablyTreron spp. -POC *bune

greenish fruit dove -POC *bune bune

greenish fruit dove -PMP *punay punay

greenish fruit dove -PAN *puna-punay

greenish fruit dove -PAN *punay

kind of dove or pigeon -POC *kurukuru

omen dove -PMP *muken

omen dove -PWMP *buken₂

pigeon or dove sp. -POC *kupuR

dove (domesticated)

pigeon, dove (domesticated) - *(loan)

dowel

wooden nail, dowel; drive in, as a wooden nail or dowel -PAN *pacek

wooden nail, dowel; drive in, as a wooden nail, dowel, or fencepost -PAN *pasek

down

bamboo cross-lath used to hold down roof thatch -PWMP *belit₁

bear down, press out, as in defecation or childbirth -PMP *maŋ-qezen

bearing down, pressing out, as in defecation or childbirth -PMP *qezen

bend or pull down (as a branch) -PMP *tekuk₁

bird of prey; to swoop down and seize prey (of raptorial birds) -PPH *daRit

bite down hard -PAN *kemkem₂

bite down on - *(noise)

body hair; fur; feather; down; antenna of insect or crustacean; spikes of sea urchin; floss on plant skins, color; type, kind -PCEMP *bulu₁

body hair; fur; feather; down; floss on plant stems; color; type, kind -PMP *bulu₁

bring down the flat of the hand on something -PWMP *tepap

chop down -PMP *beta₂

collapse, fall down, as a house -PWMP *rebaq

come to rest in a definite place, settle down, as birds on a tree -PMP *tekas

come to shore, settle down in a place; sit, squat -POC *toka₂

cut down small plants to clear a way -PWMP *takebas

cut down, clear away scrub -PWMP *tebas₂

dangle, hang down loosely -PPh *waywáy

dangle, hang down loosely -PWMP *quntay₁

descend, go down -PWMP *h<um>uluR

descend; go down; land from a boat -POC *sipo

die; dead; sick; tired (of); faint, lose consciousness; eclipse; new moon; extinguished; blocked (path); paralyzed; numb, asleep (limbs); die down (wind); waterless (springs, rivers); dry up (plants); beaten (in a game); fixed (price); terminate a matter, reach an agreement; disaster; intensive, superlative; desire intensely, be deeply in love -PMP *m-atay

down, under -POC *ba₄

earth, soil, land; down; westward -POC *tanoq

eat voraciously, gulp down, swallow whole -PPH *lamun₂

fall forward; put face low down -PWMP *subsub

flatten; press down in order to squeeze in -PWMP *petpet₁

fling down, dash against -PMP *bantiŋ

for the hair to lie down flat -PPH *kepkép

go down, descend -POC *sobu

go down, descend -PEMP *sombu

gulp down food, gorge on one food to the exclusion of others -PWMP *lunlun

hanging down, dangling -PWMP *untay₁

hernia; to slip down, slip off, pull back the foreskin of the penis -PMP *luslus

lie down -PPh *hideRáq

lie down to sleep -PAN *qinep

lie down to sleep -PCEMP *qenəp

lie down to sleep’ -POC *qenop

lie down, curl up (of animals) -PPH *lekuq₂

lie face down -PWMP *la(ŋ)keb

lie prone, face down -PWMP *tiŋkeb

lower or let down, as on a rope -PAN *SuluR

lower or let down, as on a rope; pay out fishline; launch a boat -PMP *huluR

lower the head, bow or bend down -PWMP *tukuk

pick or knock down fruit with a pole -PMP *su(ŋ)kit

press between two flat surfaces; to press down, crush -PMP *luqepit

press down -PMP *Reneg

press down - *(noise)

press down hard on something -PPH *mudmúd

press down on -PAN *qedet

press down, squash -PMP *qeñek

push down, trample down, as vegetation -PPH *desdés

put someone down to sleep -PWMP *pa-tuduR

resilient, springing back when pressed down -PWMP *endut

scraped or filed down -PPh *iqit

sink down, subside; landslide -POC *solo₃

sit, squat; come to rest; stay in a place; settle down, as birds on a tree -POC *toka₃

slam down with force -PWMP *dakdak

slam down, ram down -PMP *qetak

slam something down -PMP *la(m)bak

slide down -PWMP *ulus

slide down -PWMP *durus

slip down or off -PWMP *rusrus₂

slip down, subside -PPH *kub(e)las

slip or slide down -PWMP *lu(ŋ)suR

slip or slide down -PWMP *lu(n)cuR

slip or slide down or along -PWMP *hurus

slurp up food or water, eat like a pig or dog; gulp down -PAN *sabsab

slurp up food or water; eat like a pig or dog; gulp down -PAN *tabtab₂

split down the center - *(noise)

squeeze, press down -PWMP *tepes

stamp, put one's foot down -PWMP *qantak

throw down - *(noise)

throw down, as a burden -PWMP *qempas

tie down, fasten by binding -PPH *takéd

to bend down -PPH *yukús

to bend over, bend down (of a person); hunchbacked -PMP *bekut

to bend over, bend down (of a person); hunchbacked -PAN *bekuC

to climb down, dismount; unload -PPH *haq(e)was

to cut down a stalk of bananas -PPH *tebáq

to descend, come or go down -PWMP *t<um>uRun

to descend, go down; to lower -PMP *tuRun₁

to drop, to fall down -PPH *dagdag

to fell a tree, cut down bamboo -PPH *pukán-en

to fell a tree, cut down bamboo -PPH *púkan

to hang down, to lower -PPH *tustús

to land, settle down -POC *toko

to lay down a walkway over muddy ground -PPH *latay

to lay down, put down, put away -PWMP *maR-taRuq

to lie down -PPh *maR-hideRáq

to lie face down, lie prone -PPH *keléb

to lie face down, prone -PPH *sakeb

to lie prone, face down -PAN *kebkeb₂

to lower, let something down, as with a rope -PPH *tuntún

to press down, crush -POC *lupit

to press down, press together -PWMP *desek₁

to roll down or over something -PPH *pulin

to shake, as a tree to bring down fruit -PPH *yegyeg

to shake, as a tree to bring down fruit fruit -PPH *yugyúg

to slide down -PPH *darusdús

to stoop, bend down -PPH *yukúq

to tamp down, compact something -PAN *dekdek₂

to wear something down (?) -PPH *pa-pudpud-en

turn over, roll over; transform; upside down -POC *buliŋ

what is laid, placed or put down -PWMP *t<in>aRuq

worn out, worn down, as by overuse -PPH *ma-pudpud

downhill

fall and continue rolling downhill -PPH *pulij

for water to run downhill, as in artificial irrigation on terraced hillsides -PPH *bawaŋ₂

downpour

downpour - *(noise)

downriver

downriver, toward the sea -POC *laur

go downriver, go seaward -PMP *pa-lahud

downstream

downstream, toward the sea -PAN *lahud

flow downstream -PWMP *qiliR

to go downstream, go with the current -PPH *usauR

downward

bow, bend downward -PMP *dekuk

downward pressure; bamboo punting pole -PMP *teken

face downward - *-keb₂(root)

fall face downward -PWMP *taŋkeb

lie face downward -PWMP *kureb

lie face downward - *-kem₂(root)

sloping, bent downward -PWMP *duyuŋ₁

thrust downward with sharp implement -PWMP *tuzaq

to hang the head, look downward -PPH *yuŋyúŋ

Dracaena

a shrub:Cordyline,Dracaena -PMP *siRi

Dracontomelum

a tree:Dracontomelum edule -PMP *daqu₁

draft

gust, draft, current of air -POC *aŋin-aŋin

gust, draft, current of air; rumor -PMP *haŋin-haŋin

drag

drag, pull -PWMP *batak

drag, pull -PWMP *hilah

drag, pull - *(loan)

pull or drag a heavy object along, as on a sled -PWMP *guyud₃

pull, draw, drag -PWMP *irid₂

recall or drag up disagreeable past experiences -PWMP *uŋkat

to pull, draw, drag -PWMP *ŋ-irid

to pull, haul, drag -PCMP *dada₁

dragged

be pulled or dragged along -PPH *gúyud-en

dragging

sled or board used for dragging materials (?) -PPH *gúyud-an

dragging of hem of dress on ground

dragging of hem of dress on ground - *(loan)

dragnet

catch fish with a dragnet -PWMP *ka-puket

dragnet -POC *pukot

dragnet -PMP *puket₁

to be caught with a dragnet -PWMP *puket-en

to fish with a dragnet -PWMP *pa-puket

to fish with a dragnet -PWMP *pa-muket

to fish with a dragnet -PWMP *ma-muket

was caught with a dragnet -PWMP *p<in>uket

drag on the ground (as the bottom of a dress)

drag on the ground (as the bottom of a dress) - *(loan)

drain

drip or drain out -PMP *huhuq

drip or drain out -PAN *SuSuq

drip or drain out -PMP *huqhuq

drip or drain out -PAN *SuqSuq

drip, drain -PWMP *tiqtiq

drank

drank (past) -PPh *in-inum

drape

drape over the shoulder or from a line, as a cloth -PAN *sapay

drape over the shoulder or from a line, as a cloth -PMP *sampay₁

hang of drape over the shoulder -PWMP *salampay

to hang, drape over something -PPH *sab(e)láy

draw

draw a bow to its full extent -PAN *biaC

draw a bow to its full extent’ -PMP *biat

draw a line -PWMP *bad(e)ris

draw toward oneself; annex, make subject -PWMP *kabiR

draw, make marks or designs -PEMP *tosi

draw, make marks or designs -PCEMP *tusi

pull, draw -PAN *SuRut

pull, draw, drag -PWMP *irid₂

to brush past, rub or scrape against; draw a line -PMP *garis

to draw out; to pickpocket someone -PPH *dúkut

to make an incision to draw blood -PPH *kal(e)dít

to pull, draw, drag -PWMP *ŋ-irid

touch or tap so as to draw someone's attention -PMP *kebit

drawn

be pulled or drawn -PAN *SuRut-en

drawn, tied, even in score - *(loan)

drawstring

drawstring; to thread a drawstring -PMP *huRhuR

drawstring; to thread a drawstring -PAN *SuRSuR

dream

a dream -PWMP *paŋ-hipi

a dream; was dreamt by -PMP *h<in>ipi

dream -PWMP *nupi

dream -PCEMP *nipi

dream -PMP *hipi

dream -PAN *Sipi

dream -PMP *hepi

dream -PAN *Sepi

dream -PPh *taRa-qinép

dream -PWMP *lupi

dream - *-pi(root)

to dream -PCEMP *mipi

to dream -PMP *h<um>ipi

to dream -PWMP *maŋ-hipi

dreamt

a dream; was dreamt by -PMP *h<in>ipi

dregs

dregs -PWMP *tu(m)bas

dregs, refuse - *(loan)

residue, dregs - *(loan)

scruffiness of the skin; dirt, dregs -POC *kani-kani

drenched

get drenched by the rain -PPH *ma-quzan-an

dress

dress - *(loan)

dress the hair (of women); hair bun -PWMP *saŋgul

dress up, be decked out in one’s finest clothing -PWMP *kena

dressed

to wear, as clothes; to get dressed, slip into -PPH *suq(e)lút

dress up in finery

use, wear, dress up in finery - *(loan)

dried

dried mucus on the eyelid -PWMP *mismis₁

dried nasal mucus -PPH *kulaŋut

dried out -POC *(bp)ala₁

dried up, scorched, shrivelled -POC *koRaŋ₁

dried up, wilted (of plants) -PPH *lanés

dried up, wilted, of plants -PPH *lanét

dry, dried up -PWMP *egaŋ

to be dried near a fire or by the sun -PWMP *daŋdaŋ-en

torch, probably of dried palm frond -PMP *suluq

dried fish

dried fish - *(loan)

dries

deep place in river; pool of water left when a stream dries up -PPH *lib(e)túŋ

drift

drift on a current, carried away by flowing water -PAN *qañud

driftwood

driftwood and scum (?); lit. 'refuse of the current' -PWMP *taqi qaRus

driftwood; flotsam -PPH *Rabat

to wash ashore, as driftwood -PPH *dág(e)saq

drill

bore a hole, drill - *(noise)

drill through, pierce, perforate -POC *paRo₁

drink

be drunk by; what is drunk: drink, beverage -PWMP *inum-en

drink -PAN *imah

drink -PCEMP *unum

drink -PWMP *inem

drink - *(noise)

drink it! (imper.) -POC *inum-ia

drink it! (imper.) -PWMP *inum-a

drink, beverage -PWMP *inum-an

drink, slurp, suck -PMP *ñepñep

fermented drink made from coconut juice, palm juice, etc. -PPH *lambanug

give (him, her, it) something to drink (command) -PWMP *pa-inum-en

give someone something to drink -PMP *pa-inum

kind of fermented drink -PWMP *kilaŋ

refreshments taken with drink - *(loan)

to drink -PAN *um-imah

to drink -PMP *um-inum

to drink (habitual) -PWMP *maR-inum

to drink (repetitive, frequentative, etc.) -POC *inum-inum

to drink (trans.) -PMP *maŋ-inum

to eat or drink voraciously (derogatory) -PPH *qabqab

to lap up water, like a dog; to guzzle, drink insatiably -PPH *rakrak

to offer a drink, drink -PPH *i-tágay

to sip, to drink -PWMP *maŋ-hiRup

various drinks -PMP *inum-inum-an

drinking

act of drinking -PMP *inum

coconut growth stage 6: green drinking coconut -POC *karut₂

coconut shell drinking cup -POC *lasa₂

coconut shell drinking cup or dipper -PPH *úŋut

decant, pour liquid out for drinking -PPH *tíqiŋ

drinking (progressive) -POC *unum-unum

drinking vessel -PWMP *paŋ-inum-an

place of drinking -PWMP *hiRup-an

water not intended for drinking - *(loan)

drip

drip - *-bis(root)

drip - *-Ris(root)

drip or drain out -PMP *huhuq

drip or drain out -PAN *SuSuq

drip or drain out -PMP *huqhuq

drip or drain out -PAN *SuqSuq

drip or pour out -POC *pupus-a

drip, drain -PWMP *tiqtiq

drip, leak -PMP *tiktik₂

drip, ooze -PMP *titis

drip, ooze through -PMP *tiRis

leak, drip -POC *turuq

to drip -PAN *tuduq-an

to drip -PAN *tuduq-en

to drip, to leak -PPh *t<um>uduq

to leak, drip, as a leaky roof; a drop of water -PAN *tuduq

dripped

dripped; what dripped -PAN *t<in>uduq

dripping

ditch, rain channel caused by water dripping from a house roof -PWMP *paspas₃

dripping wet -PWMP *kuyup

leaking, dripping (as a leaky roof) -PMP *ma-tuduq

steady dripping, as of sweat or drizzling rain -PMP *rintik

drive

chase, drive away -PPh *ábuR

cry to drive away fowls: shoo! -PWMP *siuq

drive animals away -PMP *busay

drive away (as animals) -PWMP *halaw

drive away, chase off -PWMP *ka-buRaw

drive in (stakes, etc.) -PWMP *usuk-an

drive in stakes or posts -PMP *esek₂

drive in stakes or posts -PAN *hesek₂

drive in, as a stake; to plant (crops) -PCEMP *pasekₐ

drive in, erect, as a piling -PMP *uzeg

drive off, chase away, expel -PPh *maR-buRaw

drive off, chase away, expel -PWMP *maŋ-buRaw

drive off, chase away, expel -PPh *buRaw-en

drive off, chase away, expel -PAN *buRaw

drive or force into -PMP *buRsuk

drive pigs into a net -POC *bubuR₂

follow; drive animals before one -PWMP *maŋ-iriŋ

insert, put or drive in -PWMP *ra(ŋ)suk

press into, penetrate; enter crouching; drive in stakes -PMP *usuk

tethering stake; drive a stake into the ground -PPH *palpál₂

to drive away, shoo off -PPH *tabuR₂

wooden nail, dowel; drive in, as a wooden nail or dowel -PAN *pacek

wooden nail, dowel; drive in, as a wooden nail, dowel, or fencepost -PAN *pasek

drivel

saliva, drivel -PAN *ŋajay

driven

driven away, chased off -PAN *ma-buRaw

drizzle

drizzle - *(near)

drizzle, drizzling rain -PWMP *rinis

drizzle, light rain -PPH *taRihtih

drizzle, light rain -PPH *tariktik₁

drizzle, trickle - *(noise)

drizzling

drizzle, drizzling rain -PWMP *rinis

drizzling rain, mist; fog -PMP *Rabun

steady dripping, as of sweat or drizzling rain -PMP *rintik

drone

drone, droning tone -PAN *teŋteŋ₁

hum, drone - *-teŋ₁(root)

drongo

small bird with shiny black plumage: drongo -PWMP *cawi

droning

buzzing, droning, humming -PAN *b<aR>eŋbeŋ

drone, droning tone -PAN *teŋteŋ₁

sound of buzzing or droning -PMP *qiuŋ₂

drool

drool profusely (?) -PWMP *ibeR ibeR

saliva in the mouth; drool; desire, crave, lust for -POC *ipoR

saliva in the mouth; drool; desire, crave, lust for -PMP *ibeR

drooling

drooling -PWMP *ibeR-en

droop

sag, droop -PWMP *luyu

to wilt, wither, droop, as plants; dangling, hanging loosely -PPH *layláy

wilt, droop, as flowers -PWMP *kulay₂

droopy

droopy, languid -PPH *lupaypáy

droopy-eared

droopy-eared (as dogs) -PPH *lupíŋ

drop

crumbs that drop when eating rice -PWMP *mukmuk

drop by, pay a visit -PWMP *lawa₃

drop of liquid -PWMP *itik₁

drop off to sleep, fall asleep when one should stay awake -PWMP *ka-tuduR-en

drop, fall -PWMP *sabuq

lower, drop -PPh *i-huluR

pay a visit, drop by to see someone -PPH *dálaw

sound of ticking, rain drops falling -PPH *tagiktik

to drop, to fall down -PPH *dagdag

to fall; drop anchor’ -PWMP *labuq₁

to leak, drip, as a leaky roof; a drop of water -PAN *tuduq

droplets

fly off, of solid bits or water droplets -PAN *lecik

to shake off water droplets -PWMP *piRpiR₂

dropped

crumbs dropped while eating -PPH *regrég

drown

sink, drown -PMP *keñej

sink; drown -PWMP *benem₂

stifle, suffocate; drown -PMP *lemes

submerge, sink, drown - *-ñej(root)

to drown -PPH *limes

to intentially drown, cause to drown -PWMP *lemes-en

drowned

to be drowned -PPH *ma-lemes

drowsiness

nod the head in drowsiness -PWMP *qantuk

nod the head in drowsiness -PWMP *kantuk

drowsy

sleepy, drowsy -PPH *tuŋkaq

drum

beat time on a drum or slitgong -POC *tutu

drum -PWMP *gimbal

drum - *(loan)

hourglass drum -POC *kude

small drum -PCMP *tibal

drumstick

drumstick - *(noise)

drunk

be drunk by; what is drunk: drink, beverage -PWMP *inum-en

dizzy, drunk -PAN *ma-laŋu

drunk, intoxicated -PMP *ma-buhuk

drunk, intoxicated -PAN *ma-buSuk

drunkard

drunkard -PWMP *paR-inum

drunkenness

drunkenness, intoxication -PMP *buhuk

drunkenness, intoxication -PAN *buSuk

dry

day; sun; dry in the sun -PAN *waRi₁

die; dead; sick; tired (of); faint, lose consciousness; eclipse; new moon; extinguished; blocked (path); paralyzed; numb, asleep (limbs); die down (wind); waterless (springs, rivers); dry up (plants); beaten (in a game); fixed (price); terminate a matter, reach an agreement; disaster; intensive, superlative; desire intensely, be deeply in love -PMP *m-atay

dry -PWMP *keRiŋ

dry -PAN *keRaŋ₃

dry -PAN-F *qaRiw

dry -PCEMP *ma-Raŋu

dry -PMP *Raŋu

dry -PWMP *Raŋkay

dry -PWMP *kelaŋ

dry -PWMP *kaRiŋ

dry - *(noise)

dry coconut -PCEMP *matu

dry measure for grain etc. - *(loan)

dry near a fire - *-gaŋ(root)

dry out, become dry -PMP *asat

dry rot in wood -PMP *rebuk

dry sago branch -PMP *kumbal

dry stream bed -PWMP *laqaD

dry up -PMP *ma-maja

dry up, evaporate -PMP *maja

dry up; low tide -PWMP *keti

dry, dehydrated -PMP *tegaŋ

dry, dried up -PWMP *egaŋ

dry, grainy, brittle -PWMP *pera

ebb tide, dry reef -POC *maqati

ebb tide; coral reefs and sandbanks exposed at low tide; evaporate, dry up, of water in cooking, in a river, etc. -PMP *qeti₁

evaporate, dry up -PMP *tuquR

evaporate, dry up -PPh *hebás

fibrous and dry to the taste -PPH *sagapsap

food that is dry roasted -PMP *s<in>aŋelaR

heat or dry something near a fire -PWMP *gaŋgaŋ

place to dry wood -PWMP *salay-an

small basket; a unit of measure for dry goods -PPH *salúp

spread out in the sun to dry -PMP *bilaj

spread out to dry in the sun -PWMP *belaj

spread out, as a net or clothes on the ground to dry -PPH *ladlád

to dry something in the sun -PWMP *kaRkaR

to dry something in the sun -PPH *kagkag

to dry up -PPH *keRaw

to dry up, wither -PCEMP *Raŋaw₂

to evaporate, cause to dry up -PPh *maR-hebás

to stir-fry, dry roast -PWMP *ma-naŋelaR

to subside, dry up -PPh *h<um>ebás

tree with bright yellow fruit that has dry flesh:Lucuma nervosa -PPH *tisaq

warm oneself or something near a fire; heat or dry near a fire -PMP *daŋdaŋ₁

yellow, yellowish-brown, as dry leaves -PPH *dulaw

dual

dual division, moiety -PCEMP *bali₈

dual division, moiety == cluster (a) answer, oppose, opposite side or part; partner, friend, enemy -PMP *baliw₁

dubius

Pandanus dubius -POC *pakum

duck

duck - *(loan)

duck,Anas spp. -PWMP *itik₂

wild duck -PMP *ŋaRaq

wild duck -PWMP *baliwis

wild duck:Dendrocygna sp. -PWMP *bariwis

Ducula

a dove: probablyDucula spp. -PMP *baluj

a dove: probablyDucula spp. -PAN *baRuj

dug

dug out, excavated - *(noise)

dug up -PWMP *hukay-an

place that has been dug up -PMP *k<in>ali-an

place that has been dug up -PAN *k<in>alih-an

dugong

dugong -POC *ruyuŋ₂

dugong -PCEMP *ruyuŋ₂

dugong -PMP *duyuŋ₂

dugout

dugout canoe -PPh *balútu

outrigger canoe with dugout hull -PEMP *waŋka

outrigger canoe with dugout hull; passengers in a canoe -POC *waga

type of boat, possibly dugout with outrigger -PWMP *bilug

dulcis

a fruit tree:Spondias dulcis -PCEMP *quRi

dull

blunt dull - *(loan)

blunt, dull -PMP *tultul

blunt, dull -POC *burul₁

blunt, dull -PMP *pudul

blunt, dull - *-pul(root)

dark, dull (of light or color) -PAN *qudem

dull resonance -PMP *re(ŋ)geŋ

dull resounding sound -PMP *geŋ

dull resounding sound - *-beŋ₃(root)

dull resounding sound - *(noise)

dull rustling sound -PPH *kaRuskus

dull sound -PMP *peŋ

dull sound -PWMP *ges

dull sound -PMP *cepuk

dull throaty sound -PMP *tekek

dull throaty sound - *-gek(root)

dull, blunt -PWMP *ma-ŋazel

dull, blunt -PWMP *ŋazel

dull, blunt -PMP *tumpul

dull, blunt -PMP *tumpel

dull, blunt -PWMP *ku(n)dul

dull, blunt -PMP *dumpul

dull, blunt -PMP *de(m)pul

dull, blunt -PWMP *budul

dull, blunt - *(noise)

dull, blunt; blocked, plugged; stupid -PCEMP *bebel

dull, blunt; blocked, plugged; stupid -PMP *belbel₁

dull, muffled sound -PMP *ibuk

dull, muffled sound - *-bek₁(root)

fall with a dull thud -PMP *tebuk₂

make a dull sound in the ears -PMP *epeŋ

onom. for dull sound -PWMP *desuR

onomatopoetic for dull sound -PWMP *bek

overcast; dull lustre -PWMP *ma-edem

overcast; dull lustre -PWMP *edem₁

sound of a dull thud -POC *puk₁

sound of a dull thud -PMP *buk

sound of dull clucking -PWMP *ketek

dull (physically and mentally)

dull (physically and mentally) - *(loan)

dull-witted

dull-witted, stupid -PWMP *balbal₂

dumb

dumb, mute -PWMP *gagu

dumb, unable to speak - *(near)

mute, dumb -PPH *umaw

speechless, dumb, mute -PMP *umel

dunning

dunning to collect a debt - *(loan)

durable

durable, long-lasting -PPH *tíbay

heartwood of a tree, hard, durable core of wood; ironwood tree -PMP *teRas

duration

duration of time, time period -PWMP *tagal

long duration - *(noise)

durian

a tree and its fruit, the durian:Durio zibethinus -PWMP *duRi-an

Durio

a tree and its fruit, the durian:Durio zibethinus -PWMP *duRi-an

dusky

dark, dusky -PWMP *selem₂

dusky, twilight, as near the end of day -PWMP *peteŋ

obscure, dusky -PWMP *sidem

dust

ash, hearth, cinder, powder, dust; gray -PMP *qabu

ashes, dust -POC *qapu

brush or shake off dust or dirt -PPH *pagpág

decaying wood; dust, powder -PMP *Rabuk

dust -PPH *dabuk₂

dust -PPh *alik-qabuk

dust -POC *qapuk

dust -PWMP *qabug

dust -PMP *apuk

dust -PWMP *abuR

dust - *-bu (or *-buH?)(root)

dust - *-puk₂(root)

dust - *(near)

dust - *(noise)

dust in the air, stir up dust -PPH *tapuk₂

dust, powder -PMP *ebuk

dust, pulverized stone -PAN *bulbul

dust, sawdust -PMP *qabuk

dusty, full of dust or dirt -POC *tanoq tanoq

fine dust, airborne dust -PMP *sapuk

insect that infests wood and bamboo; dust produced by the boring of this insect -POC *pupuk₂

powdery substance, dust -PMP *habuk

to brush away dust or dirt -PWMP *paspas₂

to brush or shake off dust or dirt -PPH *i-pagpág

weevil that infests wood, bamboo, and rice; dust produced by the boring of this insect; tooth decay, dental caries -PMP *bukbuk₃

whirlwind, dust devil -PPH *qali-puRut

dusty

dusty, full of dust or dirt -POC *tanoq tanoq

duty

obligation, duty, commitment - *(loan)

dwarfish

dwarfish, small (of people) -PPh *bulilít

dwell

dwell, reside -PWMP *geneŋ

dwell, reside, live in a place -PAN *ian₂

stay, dwell in a place -POC *mono

to stay, dwell, reside -PWMP *um-ian

dye

a tree with roots that furnish a red dye:Morinda citrifolia -POC *gurat

dye - *(loan)

indigo plant and dye:Indigofera suffruticosa (Mill.) andIndigofera tinctoria L. -PMP *taRum

soak, dye -PAN *edem₂

the dye produced from theMorinda citrifolia -POC *kurat

tree with inedible white fruit and root that yields a useful dye:Morinda citrifolia L. -POC *ñoñu

tree with white fruit and roots that yield a useful dye:Morinda citrifolia -PCEMP *ñəñu

tree with white fruit and roots that yield a useful dye:Morinda citrifolia -PWMP *baŋkudu

dyeing

kind of mangrove,Ceriops spp., with bark used for dyeing -PMP *teŋeR

dyestuff

plant from which a dyestuff is obtained -PWMP *gamat

dyke

dam, dyke, embankment -POC *tabak₂

dam, dyke, embankment; to fill a hole with earth; to heap up -PMP *tambak₂

Dysoxylum

a large tree in the mahogany family:Dysoxylum sp. -PWMP *tawa₂