initial

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in·i·tial

(ĭ-nĭsh′əl)

adj.

1. Of, relating to, or occurring at the beginning; first:took the initial step toward peace.

2. Designating the first letter or letters of a word.

a. The first letter of a proper name.

b.initials The first letter of each word of a person's full name considered as a unit:stationery monogrammed with her initials.

2. The first letter of a word.

3. A large, often highly decorated letter set at the beginning of a chapter, verse, or paragraph.

tr.v.in·i·tialed,in·i·tial·ing,in·i·tials alsoin·i·tialled orin·i·tial·ling

To mark or sign with initials, especially for purposes of authorization or approval.

[Latininitiālis, frominitium,beginning; seeei- inIndo-European roots.]

in·i′tial·ly adv.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

initial

(ɪˈnɪʃəl)

adj

of, at, or concerning the beginning

1.the first letter of a word, esp a person's name

2. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding)printing a large sometimes highly decorated letter set at the beginning of a chapter or work

3. (Botany)botany a cell from which tissues and organs develop by division and differentiation; a meristematic cell

vb,-tials,-tiallingor-tialled,-tials,-tialingor-tialed

(tr) to sign with one's initials, esp to indicate approval; endorse

[C16: from Latininitiālis of the beginning, frominitium beginning, literally: an entering upon, frominīre to go in, from in-² +īre to go]

inˈitialer,inˈitiallern

inˈitiallyadv

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

in•i•tial

(ɪˈnɪʃ əl)

adj.,n.,v.-tialed, -tial•ing (esp. Brit.)-tialled, -tial•ling.adj.

1. of, pertaining to, or occurring at the beginning; first: the initial step in a process.

2. an initial letter, as of a word.

3. the first letter of a proper name.

4. a large, often ornamental letter used at the beginning of a chapter or other division of a book or manuscript.

v.t.

5. to mark or sign with an initial or the initials of one's name, esp. as a token of approval.

[1520–30; < Latininitiālis, derivative ofiniti(um) beginning, derivative ofinīre to enter, begin =in-in-² +īre to go]

in•i′tial•er,n.

in•i′tial•ly,adv.

initial

Past participle:initialled
Gerund:initialling

Imperative
initial
initial

Present
I initial
you initial
he/she/it initials
we initial
you initial
they initial

Preterite
I initialled
you initialled
he/she/it initialled
we initialled
you initialled
they initialled

Present Continuous
I am initialling
you are initialling
he/she/it is initialling
we are initialling
you are initialling
they are initialling

Present Perfect
I have initialled
you have initialled
he/she/it has initialled
we have initialled
you have initialled
they have initialled

Past Continuous
I was initialling
you were initialling
he/she/it was initialling
we were initialling
you were initialling
they were initialling

Past Perfect
I had initialled
you had initialled
he/she/it had initialled
we had initialled
you had initialled
they had initialled

Future
I will initial
you will initial
he/she/it will initial
we will initial
you will initial
they will initial

Future Perfect
I will have initialled
you will have initialled
he/she/it will have initialled
we will have initialled
you will have initialled
they will have initialled

Future Continuous
I will be initialling
you will be initialling
he/she/it will be initialling
we will be initialling
you will be initialling
they will be initialling

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been initialling
you have been initialling
he/she/it has been initialling
we have been initialling
you have been initialling
they have been initialling

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been initialling
you will have been initialling
he/she/it will have been initialling
we will have been initialling
you will have been initialling
they will have been initialling

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been initialling
you had been initialling
he/she/it had been initialling
we had been initialling
you had been initialling
they had been initialling

Conditional
I would initial
you would initial
he/she/it would initial
we would initial
you would initial
they would initial

Past Conditional
I would have initialled
you would have initialled
he/she/it would have initialled
we would have initialled
you would have initialled
they would have initialled

Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

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Noun	1.	initial - the first letter of a word (especially a person's name); "he refused to put the initials FRS after his name" alphabetic character,letter of the alphabet,letter - the conventional characters of the alphabet used to represent speech; "his grandmother taught him his letters"
Verb	1.	initial - mark with one's initials sign - be engaged by a written agreement; "He signed to play the casino on Dec. 18"; "The soprano signed to sing the new opera"
Adj.	1.	initial - occurring at the beginning; "took the initial step toward reconciliation" first - preceding all others in time or space or degree; "the first house on the right"; "the first day of spring"; "his first political race"; "her first baby"; "the first time"; "the first meetings of the new party"; "the first phase of his training"

initial

adjective

1.opening,first,early,earliest,beginning,primary,maiden,inaugural,commencing,introductory,embryonic,incipient,inchoate,inceptiveThe initial reaction has been excellent.
openinglast,ending,closing,final,concluding,ultimate,terminal

verb

1.sign,endorse,subscribe,autograph,inscribe,set your hand toWould you mind initialling this voucher?

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

initial

adjective

1.Of, relating to, or occurring at the start of something:

beginning,inceptive,incipient,initiatory,introductory,leadoff.

2.At or near the start of a period, development, or series:

beginning,early,first.

3.Preceding all others in time:

earliest,first,maiden,original,pioneer,primary,prime,primordial.

Translations

إبْتِدائي، أوَّليإِبْتِدَائِيٌّالحَرْف الأوَّليُوَقِّع بالحُروف الأولى

počátečníparafovatvýchozíiniciála

førsteindledendeinitialunderskrive

Initiale anfänglich initial mit Initialen unterzeichen unterzeichnen

αρχικός μονογραφώ

inicial poner las iniciales firmar con las iniciales

alku-merkitä nimikirjaimensa

initial initiale parafer paraphe parapher

parafiratipočetni

iniciálékezdõbetûkézjeggyel ellát

fyrstur, byrjunar-merkja upphafsstöfumupphafsstafur

iniziale siglare lettera iniziale firmare con le iniziali

最初の頭文字で署名する

서명하다초기의

duoti pradžiąiniciacijainicialasnaujai priimtasispasirašyti inicialais

iniciālisparafētparakstīt ar iniciāļiemsākotnējssākuma-

eerste paraferen

begynnelses-forbokstav innledende signere start-

podpisać inicjałami wstępny

inicial rubricar

исходный начальный ставить инициалы

iniciálkaparafovaťpočiatočný

prvotenzačeten

inledandesignera

เขียนชื่อย่อเบื้องต้น

başlangıç ilkismin baş harfleriön paraf

ban đầuký tắt

最初的用姓名的首字母作标记或签名于…草签词首大写字母首字母

initial

[ɪˈnɪʃəl]

A.ADJ [shock, success, cost, report] →inicial
my initial reaction was to →mi primerareacción fue ...
in the initialstages →al principio,en la etapa inicial,en la primeraetapa

B.N (=letter) →inicialf
to sign sth with one's initials →firmar algo con lasiniciales

C.VT [+letter, document] →firmar con las iniciales

D.CPDinitialexpensesNPL →gastosmpliniciales
initialletterN →inicialf

Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

initial

[ɪˈnɪʃ^əl]

adj (=first) [reaction, response] →initial(e); [price, investment] →initial(e); [event, meeting] →initial(e); [stage, period] →initial(e)
My initial reaction was one of great relief →Maréaction initiale fut ungrand soulagement.
He steered the company through the initial stages of privatisation →Ildirigea lacompagnie lors desétapes initiales de la privatisation.
after the initial shock →après lechoc initial

n →initialef

vt [+document] →parafer

initialsnpl →initialesfpl;(as signature) →parafem,initialesfpl
He carved his initials on the tree →Ilgrava sesinitiales sur l'arbre.

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

initial

adj

→anfänglich,Anfangs-;myinitial reaction →meineanfängliche Reaktion;in theinitial stages →imAnfangsstadium;according toinitial reports →erstenBerichten zufolge;initial cost →Startkostenpl

(Ling) →anlautend;initial sound →Anlautm

(Typ)initial letter →Anfangsbuchstabem, →Initialef

n →Initialef; (Typ also) →Anfangsbuchstabem;to sign a letter with one’sinitials →seineInitialenor (Pol) →Paraphe unter einenBrief setzen; (Comm) →einenBrief abzeichnenor mit seinem Namenszeichenversehen

vt letter, document →mit seinenInitialen unterzeichnen; (Comm) →abzeichnen; (Pol) →paraphieren

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

initial

[ɪˈnɪʃ/əl]

1.adj →iniziale
in the initial stages →nellafase iniziale
in the initial stages of their relationship →agliinizi della lorostoria

2.n →inizialef
to sign sth with one's initials →siglare qc con le proprieiniziali

3.vt →siglare

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

initial

(iˈniʃəl) adjective

of, or at, the beginning.There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house. aanvangs إبْتِدائي، أوَّلي начален inicial počátečníanfänglich indledende; førsteαρχικόςinicial alg- آولیه alku-initialראשוני प्रारम्भिक početni, inicijalan kezdeti awal fyrstur, byrjunar-iniziale 最初の 처음의 pradinis sākotnējs; sākuma- awal begin-start-,begynnelses-,utgangs-początkowy لومرنی inicial iniţialначальный počiatočný začeten početni inledande ชั้นต้นbaşlangıç,ilk,ön 最初的 початковий, первісний ابتدائی ban đầu最初的

noun

the letter that begins a word,especially a name.The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown. voorletter الحَرْف الأوَّل инициал inicial iniciála die Initiale initial αρχικό γράμμαinicial algustäht حرف اول اسم alkukirjaininitiale אוֹת רִאשוֹנָה पहला अक्षर नाम या शब्द का početno slovo, inicijal kezdőbetű, iniciálé huruf awal upphafsstafuriniziale 頭文字 머리글자, 첫글자 inicialas iniciālis huruf pertamavoorletterforbokstavinicjał د نوم لومرنی حرف inicial iniţialăинициалы iniciálky, začiatočné písmeno (-á) začetnica inicijal initial อักษรแรกของชื่อparaf, ismin baş harfleri 字首字母(尤指姓名) початкова літера کسی کلمہ کا پہلا حرف chữ cái đầu 首字母，词首大写字母

verb –past tense, past participleiˈnitialled –

to mark or sign with initials of one's name.Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled. parafeer يُوَقِّع بالحُروف الأولى поставям инициалите си rubricar parafovatmit Initialen unterzeichen underskrive med initialer υπογράφω με τα αρχικά μου,μονογραφώfirmar con las iniciales nimetähtedega märkima حروف اول نام را نوشتن؛ پاراف کردن merkitä nimikirjaimensaparapher לַחֲתוֹם בְּרָאשֵי-תֵּיבוֹת עַל- नाम का पहला अक्षर लिखना obilježiti početnim slovima imena kézjeggyel ellát memaraf merkja upphafsstöfumsiglare 頭文字で署名する (문서, 초안 등에) 머리글자를 쓰다 pasirašyti inicialais parakstīt ar iniciāļiem; parafēt (līgumu) parapparaferen merke med ens initialerparafować د نوم لومرنی حرف لیکلrubricar a parafaставить инициалы parafovať parafirati potpisati inicijalima märka (underteckna) med initialer เขียนชื่อย่อ parafe etmek 用名字的字首字母標示或簽名 парафувати بطور دستخت نام کے ابتدائی حروف لکھنا ký tắt 用姓名的首字母作标记（或签名）于…

iˈnitially adverb

at the beginning; at first.This project will cost a lot of money initially but will eventually make a profit. aanvanklik أوليّاً، في البدايَه първоначално inicialmente zpočátkuzuerst indledningsvist; førstστην αρχή,αρχικάal principio,inicialmente esialgu در آغاز aluksiau début בִּתחִילָה शुरू में u početku, prvotno kezdetben pada awalnya til að byrja meðinizialmente 初めに 처음에 iš pradžių sākotnēji; sākumā pada awalnyaaanvankelijki begynnelsen,til å begynne medpoczątkowo په سر کی inicialmente iniţial; la începutпервоначально spočiatku na začetku u početku i början ในขั้นต้นbaşlangıçta,ilkin 最初 на початку شروع میں ban đầu最初

iˈnitiate (-ʃieit) verb

1. to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reformsetc).He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping. inisieer يَبْدأ започвам iniciar zahájitins Leben rufen påbegynde; iværksætte; indføreξεκινώ,εγκαινιάζωiniciar,poner en marcha algatama شروع کردن käynnistääinstaurer לִיזוֹם आरम्भकरना započeti kezdeményez memulai koma af staðiniziare,avviare 始める 시작하다 pradėti, duoti pradžią ierosināt; ieviest; uzsākt memulakanbeginnenstarte opp,sette i gangzapoczątkować پیل کول iniciar a lansaначинать začať; uviesť; otvoriť; spustiť vpeljati inicirati sätta i gång, initiera เริ่มbaşlamak 開始 започаткувати; почати آغاذ کرنا khởi xướng开始

2. to take (a person) into a societyetc, especially with secret ceremonies.No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony. ingelyf يُدْخِل في جَمْعِيَّه въвеждам iniciar přijmout (do)einweihen optage; indvieμυώ,εισάγωadmitir (ühingusse) pidulikult vastu võtma وارد کردن ottaa jäseneksiinitier לְהַכנִיס בְּסוֹד दीक्षा देना uvesti beavat vkit vmibe menerima dalam suatu kalangan innvígjainiziare 入会させる 가입(입회)시키다 priimti (į slaptą draugiją) ievest (sabiedrībā) menerima dalam sesuatu kalanganinwijdeninnvie,initiere,ta oppwtajemniczyć داخل کول iniciar a iniţia вводить в общество prijať (do) vpeljati uvesti u inviga ริเริ่ม üyeliğe kabul etmek/sokmak 接受加入(尤指透過秘密儀式) приймати کسی رسمی کارروائی کے ذریعے اپنی برادری میں شامل کرنا kết nạp 接纳新成员，让…加入

iˈnitiate (-ʃiət) noun

a person who has been initiated (into a societyetc). ingelyfde شَخْص أدخِلَ في جَمْعِيَّه посветен iniciado zasvěcenec der/die Eingeweihte en optagen; en indvietμυημένοςiniciado (ühingusse) pidulikult vastuvõetu عضو پذیرفته شده uusi jäsen initié/-ée מִצטָרֵף दीक्षितव्यक्ति onaj koji je uveden beavatott (személy) anggota baru innvígður félagiiniziato 入会者 새로 가입한 사람 naujai priimtasis iesācējs; jaunuzņemtais anggota baruingewijdeinnviet wtajemniczony منل شوي غړي iniciadoпринятый zasvätenec novinec novouvedeni član invigd ผู้ที่เข้าเป็นสมาชิก yeni üye 新加入者 особа, що прийнята у товариство, втаємничена کسی برادری وغیرہ میں شامل người được kết nạp新入会的人

iˌnitiˈation (-ʃiˈei-) noun

the act of initiating or process of being initiated. inlywing بَدْء، إدْخال посвещаване iniciação zasvěcení; přijetí die Einweihung begyndelse; iværksættelse; optagelse; indvielseμύησηiniciación initsiatsioon, (ühingusse) pidulik vastuvõtmine شروع jäseneksi ottoinitiation טֶקֶס הִצטָרפוּת सूत्रपात, दीक्षा pokretanje, uvođenje beavatás inisiasi vígsluathöfniniziazione 開始 착수 priėmimas (į draugiją), iniciacija ievešana (sabiedrībā); ievadīšana; ieviešana memulakan inwijdinginnvielse,opptak inicjacja پیلiniciação iniţiere введение в общество otvorenie; prijatie; zasvätenie uvajanje incijacija upptagande, initiation การริเริ่ม başla(t)ma 開始，實施的過程 посвячення شامل کرنے کی کارروائی sự khởi xướng 开始，实施的过程

iˈnitiative (-ʃətiv) noun

1. a first step or move that leads the way.He took the initiative in organizing a search party to look for the girl;A move to start peace talks is sometimes called a peace initiative. inisiatief مُبادَرَه инициатива iniciativa iniciativa die Initiative initiativπρωτοβουλίαiniciativa algatus پیشگامی aloiteinitiativeיזמה पहल prvi korak kezdeményezés inisiatif frumkvæðiiniziativa 主導権 개시, 첫걸음 iniciatyva iniciatīva; ierosme inisiatifinitiatieftiltak,initiativinicjatywa مخكښتوبiniciativa iniţiativăинициатива iniciatíva pobuda inicijativa initiativ การเริ่มต้นgirişim 第一步 почин; ініціатива پہل sáng kiến 创始，第一步

2. the ability to lead or make decisions for oneself.He is quite good at his job, but lacks initiative;My son actually went to the hairdresser's on his own initiative! inisiatief مُبادَرَه по своя инициатива iniciativa iniciativa die Initiative initiativ ικανότητα για ανάληψη πρωτοβουλιώνiniciativa algatus(võime) ابتکار؛ اقتدار aloitekykyinitiative לִפעוֹל עַל דַעַת עַצמוֹ पहल, पहल-शक्ति poduzetnost kezdeményezés inisiatif frumkvæðiiniziativa 決断 자기 책임으로 하는 결정 iniciatyva iniciatīva; ierosme inisiatifinitiatiefforetaksomhetinicjatywa ابتکارiniciativa iniţiativăинициатива iniciatíva pobuda inicijativa initiativ[kraft] ความริเริ่ม insiyatif 主動 ініціатива پہل کرنے کی صلاحیت thế chủ động主动

initial

→إِبْتِدَائِيٌّ,يُوَقِّعُ بِالـحَرْفِ الأَوَّلِ مِنْ إِسْمِهِ parafovat, počáteční første, underskriveanfänglich,unterzeichnenαρχικός,μονογραφώinicial,poner las iniciales alku-, merkitä nimikirjaimensainitial,parafer parafirati, početniiniziale,siglare 最初の, 頭文字で署名する 서명하다, 초기의eerste,parafereninnledende,signerepodpisać inicjałami,wstępnyinicial,rubricarначальный,ставить инициалы inledande, signera เขียนชื่อย่อ, เบื้องต้นadının ön harflerini yazmak,başlangıç ban đầu, ký tắt最初的,草签

initial

a. inicial, primero-a.

initial

adj inicial, primero;npl inicialesfpl; vt, vi poner iniciales;Initial here, please..Ponga sus iniciales aquí, por favor.

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