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Hacking JavaFX with Groovy, Clojure,Scala, and Visage Stephen Chin Java Evangelist, Oracle stephen.chin@oracle.com tweet: @steveonjava

Meet the Presenter Stephen Chin >  Java Evangelist, Oracle >  Author, Pro JavaFX Platform 2 Family Man >  Open Source Hacker l  JFXtras l  ScalaFX Motorcyclist l  Visage >  User Group Co-Leader l  Silicon Valley JavaFX User Group l  Streamed Live!

JavaFX 2.0 PlatformImmersive Application ExperienceLeverage your Java skills with modern JavaFXAPIs>  Cross-platform Animation, Video, Charting>  Integrate Java, JavaScript, and HTML5 in the same application>  New graphics stack takes advantage of hardware acceleration for 2D and 3D applications>  Use your favorite IDE: NetBeans, Eclipse, IntelliJ, etc.

JavaFX is Now Open Source!Part of the OpenJDK ProjectControls available now, additional codeadded incrementallyProject Page:>  http://openjdk.java.net/projects/openjfx/ 5

And Will Run on Tablets!*>  iPad (iOS)>  Linux (Popular Platform for Tablets That Runs Something Similar to Java) *No Release Timeline Announced Yet 6

Programming Languages>  JavaFX 2.0 APIs are now in Java l  Pure Java APIs for all of JavaFX l  Binding and Sequences exposed as Java APIs l  FXML Markup for tooling>  Embrace all JVM languages l  Groovy, Scala, Clojure, JRuby l  Fantom, Mira, Gosu, Jython, etc.>  JavaFX Script is no longer supported by Oracle l  Existing JavaFX Script based applications will continue to run l  Visage is the open-source successor to the JavaFX Script language

JavaFX in Java>  JavaFX API uses an enhanced JavaBeans pattern>  Similar in feel to other UI toolkits (Swing, Pivot, etc.)>  Uses builder pattern to minimize boilerplate

Example Applicationpublic class HelloStage extends Application { @Override public void start(Stage stage) { stage.setTitle("Hello Stage"); stage.setWidth(600); stage.setHeight(450); Group root = new Group(); Scene scene = new Scene(root); scene.setFill(Color.LIGHTGREEN); stage.setScene(scene); stage.show(); } public static void main(String[] args) { Application.launch(args); } }

Example Application Using Builderspublic class HelloStage extends Application { @Override public void start(Stage stage) { stage.setTitle("Hello Stage"); stage.setScene(SceneBuilder.create() .fill(Color.LIGHTGREEN) .width(600) .height(450) .build()); stage.show(); } public static void main(String[] args) { Application.launch(args); } }

Observable Properties>  Supports watching for changes to properties>  Implemented via anonymous inner classes>  Will take advantage of closures in the future

Observable Pseudo-Properties final Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(); rect.setX(40); rect.setY(40); rect.setWidth(100); rect.setHeight(200); rect.hoverProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Boolean>() { });

Observable Pseudo-Properties final Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(); rect.setX(40); rect.setY(40); The property we want to watchrect.setWidth(100); rect.setHeight(200); rect.hoverProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Boolean>() { });

Observable Pseudo-Properties final Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(); rect.setX(40); Only one listener used with generics torect.setY(40); specify the data typerect.setWidth(100); rect.setHeight(200); rect.hoverProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Boolean>() { });

Observable Pseudo-Properties final Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(); rect.setX(40); rect.setY(40); rect.setWidth(100); rect.setHeight(200); rect.hoverProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Boolean>() { public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends Boolean> property, Boolean oldValue, Boolean value) { } }); Refers to the Rectangle.hoverProperty()

Observable Pseudo-Properties final Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(); rect.setX(40); rect.setY(40); rect.setWidth(100); rect.setHeight(200); rect.hoverProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Boolean>() { public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends Boolean> property, Boolean oldValue, Boolean value) { rect.setFill(rect.isHover() ? Color.GREEN : Color.RED); } });

Binding>  Unquestionably the biggest JavaFX Script innovation>  Supported via a PropertyBinding class>  Lazy invocation for high performance>  Static construction syntax for simple cases l  e.g.: bind(<property>), bindBiDirectional(<property>)

Sequences in Java>  Replaced with an Observable List>  Public API is based on JavaFX sequences>  Internal code can use lighter collections API>  JavaFX 2.0 also has an Observable Map

Vanishing Circles ! 20

Vanishing Circles in Javapublic class VanishingCircles extends Application { public static void main(String[] args) { Application.launch(args); } @Override public void start(Stage primaryStage) { primaryStage.setTitle("Vanishing Circles"); Group root = new Group(); Scene scene = new Scene(root, 800, 600, Color.BLACK); List<Circle> circles = new ArrayList<Circle>(); for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) { 40 Lines final Circle circle = new Circle(150); circle.setCenterX(Math.random() * 800); circle.setCenterY(Math.random() * 600); circle.setFill(new Color(Math.random(), Math.random(), Math.random(), .2)); 1299 Characters circle.setEffect(new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3)); circle.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() { public void handle(MouseEvent t) { KeyValue collapse = new KeyValue(circle.radiusProperty(), 0); new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(3), collapse)).play(); } }); circle.setStroke(Color.WHITE); circle.strokeWidthProperty().bind(Bindings.when(circle.hoverProperty()) .then(4) .otherwise(0)); circles.add(circle); } root.getChildren().addAll(circles); primaryStage.setScene(scene); primaryStage.show(); Timeline moveCircles = new Timeline(); for (Circle circle : circles) { KeyValue moveX = new KeyValue(circle.centerXProperty(), Math.random() * 800); KeyValue moveY = new KeyValue(circle.centerYProperty(), Math.random() * 600); moveCircles.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(40), moveX, moveY)); } moveCircles.play(); } } 21

Application Skeletonpublic class VanishingCircles extends Application { public static void main(String[] args) { Application.launch(args); } @Override public void start(Stage primaryStage) { primaryStage.setTitle("Vanishing Circles"); Group root = new Group(); Scene scene = new Scene(root, 800, 600, Color.BLACK); [create the circles…] root.getChildren().addAll(circles); primaryStage.setScene(scene); primaryStage.show(); [begin the animation…] } }

Create the CirclesList<Circle> circles = new ArrayList<Circle>(); for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) { final Circle circle = new Circle(150); circle.setCenterX(Math.random() * 800); circle.setCenterY(Math.random() * 600); circle.setFill(new Color(Math.random(), Math.random(), Math.random(), .2)); circle.setEffect(new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3)); circle.setStroke(Color.WHITE); [setup binding…] [setup event listeners…] circles.add(circle); } 23

Setup Bindingcircle.strokeWidthProperty().bind(Bindings .when(circle.hoverProperty()) .then(4) .otherwise(0) ); 24

Setup Event Listenerscircle.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() { public void handle(MouseEvent t) { KeyValue collapse = new KeyValue(circle.radiusProperty(), 0); new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(3), collapse)).play(); } }); 25

Begin the AnimationTimeline moveCircles = new Timeline(); for (Circle circle : circles) { KeyValue moveX = new KeyValue(circle.centerXProperty(), Math.random() * 800); KeyValue moveY = new KeyValue(circle.centerYProperty(), Math.random() * 600); moveCircles.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(40), moveX, moveY)); } moveCircles.play(); 26

Features of Groovy>  Modern language l  Closures l  AST Transforms l  Strongly typed dynamic language>  Tight integration with Java l  Very easy to port from Java to Groovy>  Declarative syntax with GroovyFX Builders l  Familiar to Groovy and JavaFX Script developers

Java vs. GroovyFX DSLpublic class VanishingCircles extends Application { GroovyFX.start { primaryStage -‐> def sg = new SceneGraphBuilder() public static void main(String[] args) { def rand = new Random().&nextInt Application.launch(args); def circles = [] } sg.stage(title: 'Vanishing Circles', show: true) { @Override scene(fill: black, width: 800, height: 600) { public void start(Stage primaryStage) { 50.times { primaryStage.setTitle("Vanishing Circles"); circles << circle(centerX: rand(800), centerY: rand(600), radius: 150, stroke: white, Group root = new Group(); strokeWidth: bind('hover', converter: {val -‐> val ? 4 : 0})) { Scene scene = new Scene(root, 800, 600, Color.BLACK); fill rgb(rand(255), rand(255), rand(255), 0.2) List<Circle> circles = new ArrayList<Circle>(); effect boxBlur(width: 10, height: 10, iterations: 3) for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) { onMouseClicked { e -‐> 40 Lines 29 Lines final Circle circle = new Circle(150); timeline { circle.setCenterX(Math.random() * 800); at(3.s) { change e.source.radiusProperty() to 0 } circle.setCenterY(Math.random() * 600); }.play() circle.setFill(new Color(Math.random(), Math.random(), Math.random(), .2)); } 671 Characters circle.setEffect(new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3)); } 1299 Characters circle.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() { public void handle(MouseEvent t) { KeyValue collapse = new KeyValue(circle.radiusProperty(), 0); new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(3), collapse)).play(); } } timeline(cycleCount: Timeline.INDEFINITE, autoReverse: true) { } circles.each { circle -‐> }); at (40.s) { circle.setStroke(Color.WHITE); change circle.centerXProperty() to rand(800) circle.strokeWidthProperty().bind(Bindings.when(circle.hoverProperty()) change circle.centerYProperty() to rand(600) .then(4) } .otherwise(0)); } circles.add(circle); }.play() } } root.getChildren().addAll(circles); } primaryStage.setScene(scene); primaryStage.show(); Timeline moveCircles = new Timeline(); for (Circle circle : circles) { KeyValue moveX = new KeyValue(circle.centerXProperty(), Math.random() * 800); KeyValue moveY = new KeyValue(circle.centerYProperty(), Math.random() * 600); moveCircles.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(40), moveX, moveY)); } moveCircles.play(); } } 29

GroovyFX.start { primaryStage -‐> def sg = new SceneGraphBuilder() def rand = new Random().&nextInt def circles = [] sg.stage(title: 'Vanishing Circles', show: true) { scene(fill: black, width: 800, height: 600) { 50.times { circles << circle(centerX: rand(800), centerY: rand(600), radius: 150, stroke: white, strokeWidth: bind('hover', converter: {val -‐> val ? 4 : 0})) { fill rgb(rand(255), rand(255), rand(255), 0.2) effect boxBlur(width: 10, height: 10, iterations: 3) } } } } } 30

GroovyFX.start { primaryStage -‐> def sg = new SceneGraphBuilder() def rand = new Random().&nextInt def circles = [] sg.stage(title: 'Vanishing Circles', show: true) { Builder for GroovyFX scene graphs scene(fill: black, width: 800, height: 600) { 50.times { circles << circle(centerX: rand(800), centerY: rand(600), radius: 150, stroke: white, strokeWidth: bind('hover', converter: {val -‐> val ? 4 : 0})) { fill rgb(rand(255), rand(255), rand(255), 0.2) effect boxBlur(width: 10, height: 10, iterations: 3) } } } } } 31

GroovyFX.start { primaryStage -‐> def sg = new SceneGraphBuilder() def rand = new Random().&nextInt def circles = [] sg.stage(title: 'Vanishing Circles', show: true) { scene(fill: black, width: 800, height: 600) { 50.times { circles << circle(centerX: rand(800), centerY: rand(600), radius: 150, stroke: white, Declarative Stage definition strokeWidth: bind('hover', converter: {val -‐> val ? 4 : 0})) { fill rgb(rand(255), rand(255), rand(255), 0.2) effect boxBlur(width: 10, height: 10, iterations: 3) } } } } } 32

GroovyFX.start { primaryStage -‐> def sg = new SceneGraphBuilder() def rand = new Random().&nextInt def circles = [] Inline property definitions sg.stage(title: 'Vanishing Circles', show: true) { scene(fill: black, width: 800, height: 600) { 50.times { circles << circle(centerX: rand(800), centerY: rand(600), radius: 150, stroke: white, strokeWidth: bind('hover', converter: {val -‐> val ? 4 : 0})) { fill rgb(rand(255), rand(255), rand(255), 0.2) effect boxBlur(width: 10, height: 10, iterations: 3) } } } } } 33

GroovyFX.start { primaryStage -‐> def sg = new SceneGraphBuilder() def rand = new Random().&nextInt def circles = [] sg.stage(title: 'Vanishing Circles', show: true) { scene(fill: black, width: 800, height: 600) { Bind to properties 50.times { circles << circle(centerX: rand(800), centerY: rand(600), radius: 150, stroke: white, strokeWidth: bind('hover', converter: {val -‐> val ? 4 : 0})) { fill rgb(rand(255), rand(255), rand(255), 0.2) effect boxBlur(width: 10, height: 10, iterations: 3) } } } } } 34

GroovyFX.start { primaryStage -‐> def sg = new SceneGraphBuilder() def rand = new Random().&nextInt def circles = [] sg.stage(title: 'Vanishing Circles', show: true) { Creation Via Loop Sequence scene(fill: black, width: 800, height: 600) { 50.times { circles << circle(centerX: rand(800), centerY: rand(600), radius: 150, stroke: white, strokeWidth: bind('hover', converter: {val -‐> val ? 4 : 0})) { fill rgb(rand(255), rand(255), rand(255), 0.2) effect boxBlur(width: 10, height: 10, iterations: 3) } } } } } 35

Animation in GroovyFXtimeline(cycleCount: Timeline.INDEFINITE, autoReverse: true) { circles.each { circle -‐> at (40.s) { change circle.centerXProperty() to rand(800) change circle.centerYProperty() to rand(600) } } }.play() 36

Animation in GroovyFXtimeline(cycleCount: Timeline.INDEFINITE, autoReverse: true) { circles.each { circle -‐> at (40.s) { change circle.centerXProperty() to rand(800) change circle.centerYProperty() to rand(600) } } Easy animation syntax:}.play() at (duration) {keyframes} 37

Animation in GroovyFXtimeline(cycleCount: Timeline.INDEFINITE, autoReverse: true) { circles.each { circle -‐> at (40.s) { change circle.centerXProperty() to rand(800) change circle.centerYProperty() to rand(600) } } }.play() Key frame DSL 38

Animation in GroovyFXtimeline(cycleCount: Timeline.INDEFINITE, autoReverse: true) { circles.each { circle -‐> at (40.s) { change circle.centerXProperty() to rand(800) tween ease_both change circle.centerYProperty() to rand(600) tween linear } } }.play() Optional easing 39

Event Listeners in GroovyFX>  Supported using the built-in Closure syntax>  Optional arguments for event objects onMouseClicked { e -‐> timeline { at(3.s) { change e.source.radiusProperty() to 0 } }.play() } 40

Event Listeners in GroovyFX>  Supported using the built-in Closure syntax>  Optional arguments for event objects onMouseClicked { MouseEvent e -‐> timeline { at(3.s) { change e.source.radiusProperty() to 0 } }.play() } Compact syntax {body} 41

Event Listeners in GroovyFX>  Supported using the built-in Closure syntax>  Optional arguments for event objects Optional event parameter {event -> body} onMouseClicked { MouseEvent e -‐> timeline { at(3.s) { change e.source.radiusProperty() to 0 } }.play() } 42

But wait, there is more Grooviness… 43

Properties in Javapublic class Person {! private StringProperty firstName;! public void setFirstName(String val) { firstNameProperty().set(val); }! public String getFirstName() { return firstNameProperty().get(); }! public StringProperty firstNameProperty() { ! if (firstName == null) ! firstName = new SimpleStringProperty(this, "firstName");! return firstName; ! }! ! private StringProperty lastName;! public void setLastName(String value) { lastNameProperty().set(value); }! public String getLastName() { return lastNameProperty().get(); }! public StringProperty lastNameProperty() { ! if (lastName == null) // etc.! } !}! 44

Properties in GroovyFXpublic class Person {! @FXBindable String firstName; ! @FXBindable String lastName;!}! 45

Properties in GroovyFXpublic class Person {! @FXBindable String firstName; ! @FXBindable String lastName = “Smith”;!}! Optional initializers 46

Properties in GroovyFXpublic class Person {! @FXBindable String firstName; ! @FXBindable String lastName = “Smith”;!}!! Get and set valuesdef p = new Person()!def last = p.lastName!p.firstName = “Agent”!! 47

Properties in GroovyFXpublic class Person {! @FXBindable String firstName; ! @FXBindable String lastName = “Smith”;!}!!def p = new Person()!def last = p.lastName! Access underlying property forp.firstName = “Agent”! binding!textField(text: bind(p.lastNameProperty()))!! 48

Binding in GroovyFX@FXBindable class Time { Integer hours Integer minutes Integer seconds Double hourAngle Double minuteAngle Double secondAngle public Time() { // bind the angle properties to the clock time hourAngleProperty().bind((hoursProperty() * 30.0) + (minutesProperty() * 0.5)) minuteAngleProperty().bind(minutesProperty() * 6.0) secondAngleProperty().bind(secondsProperty() * 6.0) } } 49

TableView in JavaObservableList<Person> items = ...!TableView<Person> tableView = new TableView<Person>(items);! !TableColumn<Person,String> firstNameCol = ! new TableColumn<Person,String>("First Name");!!firstNameCol.setCellValueFactory(! new Callback<CellDataFeatures<Person, String>, ! ObservableValue<String>>() {! public ObservableValue<String> call(CellDataFeatures<Person, String> p) ! {! return p.getValue().firstNameProperty();! }!});! !tableView.getColumns().add(firstNameCol);! 50

TableView in GroovyFXdef dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");!!tableView(items: persons) {! tableColumn(property: "name", text: "Name", prefWidth: 150)! tableColumn(property: "age", text: "Age", prefWidth: 50)! tableColumn(property: "gender", text: "Gender", prefWidth: 150)! tableColumn(property: "dob", text: "Birth", prefWidth: 150, ! type: Date,! converter: { from -> return dateFormat.format(from) })!}! 51

Layout in JavaTextField urlField = new TextField(“http://www.google.com”);!HBox.setHgrow(urlField, Priority.ALWAYS);!!HBox hbox = new HBox();!hbox.getChildren().add(urlField);!!WebView webView = new WebView();!VBox.setVgrow(webView, Priority.ALWAYS);!!VBox vbox = new VBox();!vbox.getChildren().addAll(hbox, webView);! 52

Layout in GroovyFXsg.stage(title: "GroovyFX WebView Demo", show: true) { scene(fill: groovyblue, width: 1024, height: 800) { vbox { hbox(padding: 10, spacing: 5) { textField(“http://www.yahoo.com”, hgrow: "always") button("Go”) } webView(vgrow: "always") } }} 53

Layout in GroovyFX 54

Layout in GroovyFXgridPane(hgap: 5, vgap: 10, padding: 25) {! columnConstraints(minWidth: 50, halignment: "right")! columnConstraints(prefWidth: 250)! label("Send Us Your Feedback", font: "24pt sanserif", ! row: 0, columnSpan: GridPane.REMAINING, halignment: "center",! margin: [0, 0, 10])!! label("Name: ", row: 1, column: 0)! textField(promptText: "Your name", row: 1, column: 1, hgrow: 'always')!! label("Email:", row: 2, column: 0)! textField(promptText: "Your email", row: 2, column: 1, hgrow: 'always')!! label("Message:", row: 3, column: 0, valignment: "baseline")! textArea(row: 3, column: 1, hgrow: "always", vgrow: "always")!! button("Send Message", row: 4, column: 1, halignment: "right")!}! 55

Layout in GroovyFX 56

GroovyFX Supports… 57

GroovyFX Supports… 58

JavaFX With Clojure Artwork by Augusto Sellhorn http://sellmic.com/ 59

A Little About Clojure>  Started in 2007 by Rich Hickey>  Functional Programming Language>  Derived from LISP>  Optimized for High Concurrency (def hello (fn [] "Hello world")) (hello)>  … and looks nothing like Java! 60

Clojure Syntax in One Slide Symbols Collections (commas optional) >  numbers – 2.178 >  Lists >  ratios – 355/113 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) >  strings – “clojure”, “rocks” >  Vectors >  characters – a b c d [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] >  symbols – a b c d >  Maps >  keywords – :alpha :beta {:a 1, :b 2, :c 3, :d 4} >  boolean – true, false >  Sets >  null - nil #{:a :b :c :d :e} (plus macros that are syntactic sugar wrapping the above) 61

Clojure GUI Example(defn javafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFill scene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidth stage 600) (.setHeight stage 450) (.setScene stage scene) (.setVisible stage true))) (javafxapp) 62

Refined Clojure GUI Example(defn javafxapp [] (doto (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth 600) (.setHeight 450) (.setScene (doto (Scene.) (.setFill Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX 25) (.setY 40) (.setWidth 100) (.setHeight 50) (.setFill Color/RED)))))) (.setVisible true))) (javafxapp) 63

Refined Clojure GUI Example(defn javafxapp [] (doto (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth 600) Doto allows nested data (.setHeight 450) (.setScene (doto (Scene.) structures (.setFill Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX 25) (.setY 40) (.setWidth 100) (.setHeight 50) (.setFill Color/RED)))))) (.setVisible true))) (javafxapp) 64

Closures in Clojure>  Inner classes can be created using proxy (.addListener hoverProperty (proxy [ChangeListener] [] (handle [p, o, v] (.setFill rect (if (.isHover rect) Color/GREEN Color/RED))))) 65

Closures in Clojure>  Inner classes can be created using proxy Proxy form: (proxy [class] [args] fs+) f => (name [params*] body) (.addListener hoverProperty (proxy [ChangeListener] [] (handle [p, o, v] (.setFill rect (if (.isHover rect) Color/GREEN Color/RED))))) 66

JavaFX With Scala 67

What is Scala 2001 2006 •  Scala Started •  Scala v2.0 2003/2004 2011 •  Scala v1.0 •  Scala 2.9.2 (latest)>  Started in 2001 by Martin Odersky>  Compiles to Java bytecodes>  Pure object-oriented language>  Also a functional programming language 68

Why Scala?>  Shares many language features with JavaFX Script that make GUI programming easier: l  Static Type Checking – Catch your errors at compile time l  Closures – Wrap behavior and pass it by reference l  Declarative – Express the UI by describing what it should look like>  Scala also supports Type Safe DSLs! l  Implicit Conversions – type safe class extension l  Operator Overloading – with standard precedence rules l  DelayedInit / @specialized – advanced language features 69

Java vs. Scala DSLpublic class VanishingCircles extends Application { object VanishingCircles extends JFXApp { var circles: Seq[Circle] = null public static void main(String[] args) { stage = new Stage { Application.launch(args); title = "Vanishing Circles" } width = 800 height = 600 @Override scene = new Scene { public void start(Stage primaryStage) { fill = BLACK primaryStage.setTitle("Vanishing Circles"); circles = for (i <-‐ 0 until 50) yield new Circle { Group root = new Group(); centerX = random * 800 Scene scene = new Scene(root, 800, 600, Color.BLACK); centerY = random * 600 List<Circle> circles = new ArrayList<Circle>(); radius = 150 for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) { fill = color(random, random, random, .2) 40 Lines 33 Lines final Circle circle = new Circle(150); effect = new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3) circle.setCenterX(Math.random() * 800); strokeWidth <== when (hover) then 4 otherwise 0 circle.setCenterY(Math.random() * 600); stroke = WHITE circle.setFill(new Color(Math.random(), Math.random(), Math.random(), .2)); onMouseClicked = { circle.setEffect(new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3)); Timeline(at (3 s) {radius -‐> 0}).play() 1299 Characters circle.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() { public void handle(MouseEvent t) { KeyValue collapse = new KeyValue(circle.radiusProperty(), 0); new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(3), collapse)).play(); } 591 Characters } content = circles } } } }); circle.setStroke(Color.WHITE); new Timeline { circle.strokeWidthProperty().bind(Bindings.when(circle.hoverProperty()) cycleCount = INDEFINITE .then(4) autoReverse = true .otherwise(0)); keyFrames = for (circle <-‐ circles) yield at (40 s) { circles.add(circle); Set( } circle.centerX -‐> random * stage.width, root.getChildren().addAll(circles); circle.centerY -‐> random * stage.height primaryStage.setScene(scene); ) primaryStage.show(); } }.play(); Timeline moveCircles = new Timeline(); } for (Circle circle : circles) { KeyValue moveX = new KeyValue(circle.centerXProperty(), Math.random() * 800); KeyValue moveY = new KeyValue(circle.centerYProperty(), Math.random() * 600); moveCircles.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(40), moveX, moveY)); } moveCircles.play(); } } 70

object VanishingCircles extends JFXApp { stage = new Stage { title = "Disappearing Circles" width = 800 height = 600 scene = new Scene { fill = BLACK children = for (i <-‐ 0 until 50) yield new Circle { centerX = random * 800 centerY = random * 600 radius = 150 fill = color(random, random, random, 0.2) effect = new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3) } } } } 71

object VanishingCircles extends JFXApp { stage = new Stage { title = "Disappearing Circles" width = 800 height = 600 for JavaFX applications Base class scene = new Scene { fill = BLACK children = for (i <-‐ 0 until 50) yield new Circle { centerX = random * 800 centerY = random * 600 radius = 150 fill = color(random, random, random, 0.2) effect = new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3) } } } } 72

object VanishingCircles extends JFXApp { stage = new Stage { title = "Disappearing Circles" width = 800 height = 600 scene = new Scene { Declarative Stage definition fill = BLACK children = for (i <-‐ 0 until 50) yield new Circle { centerX = random * 800 centerY = random * 600 radius = 150 fill = color(random, random, random, 0.2) effect = new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3) } } } } 73

object VanishingCircles extends JFXApp { stage = new Stage { title = "Disappearing Circles" width = 800 Inline property definitions height = 600 scene = new Scene { fill = BLACK children = for (i <-‐ 0 until 50) yield new Circle { centerX = random * 800 centerY = random * 600 radius = 150 fill = color(random, random, random, 0.2) effect = new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3) } } } } 74

object VanishingCircles extends JFXApp { stage = new Stage { title = "Disappearing Circles" width = 800 height = 600 Sequence Creation Via Loop scene = new Scene { fill = BLACK children = for (i <-‐ 0 until 50) yield new Circle { centerX = random * 800 centerY = random * 600 radius = 150 fill = color(random, random, random, 0.2) effect = new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3) } } } } 75

Binding in ScalaInfix Addition/Subtraction/Multiplication/Division:height <== rect1.height + rect2.height Aggregate Operators:width <== max(rect1.width, rect2.width, rect3.width) Conditional Expressions:strokeWidth <== when (hover) then 4 otherwise 0 Compound Expressions:text <== when (rect.hover || circle.hover && !disabled) then textField.text + " is enabled" otherwise "disabled" 76

Animation in Scalaval timeline = new Timeline { cycleCount = INDEFINITE autoReverse = true keyFrames = for (circle <-‐ circles) yield at (40 s) { Set( circle.centerX -‐> random * stage.width, circle.centerY -‐> random * stage.height ) } } timeline.play(); 77

JavaFX Script-like animationAnimation in Scala syntax: at (duration) {keyframes}val timeline = new Timeline { cycleCount = INDEFINITE autoReverse = true keyFrames = for (circle <-‐ circles) yield at (40 s) { Set( circle.centerX -‐> random * stage.width, circle.centerY -‐> random * stage.height ) } } timeline.play(); 78

Animation in Scalaval timeline = new Timeline { cycleCount = INDEFINITE autoReverse = true keyFrames = for (circle <-‐ circles) yield at (40 s) { Set( circle.centerX -‐> random * stage.width, circle.centerY -‐> random * stage.height ) } } Operator overloading for animationtimeline.play(); syntax 79

Animation in Scalaval timeline = new Timeline { cycleCount = INDEFINITE autoReverse = true keyFrames = for (circle <-‐ circles) yield at (40 s) { Set( circle.centerX -‐> random * stage.width tween EASE_BOTH, circle.centerY -‐> random * stage.height tween EASE_IN ) } } timeline.play(); Optional tween syntax 80

Event Listeners in Scala>  Supported using the built-in Closure syntax>  Arguments for event objects>  100% type-safe onMouseClicked = { (e: MouseEvent) => Timeline(at(3 s){radius-‐>0}).play() } 81

Event Listeners in Scala>  Supported using the built-in Closure syntax>  Arguments for event objects>  100% type-safe onMouseClicked = { (e: MouseEvent) => Timeline(at(3 s){radius-‐>0}).play() } Compact syntax {body} 82

Event Listeners in Scala>  Supported using the built-in Closure syntax>  Arguments for event objects Event parameter>  100% type-safe {(event) => body} onMouseClicked = { (e: MouseEvent) => Timeline(at(3 s){radius-‐>0}).play() } 83

TableView in ScalaFXdef dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd")!new TableView[Speaker](persons) {! columns = Seq(! new TableColumn[Speaker, String] {! text: "Name"! converter = {_.firstName}! } new TableColumn[Speaker, String] {! text: "Age"! converter = {_.age}! }! new TableColumn[Speaker, String] {! text: "Gender"! converter = {_.gender}! }! new TableColumn[Speaker, String] {! text: "Birth"! converter = {dateFormat.format(_.dob)}, ! }!)}! 84

JavaFX With Visage 85

About Project Visage>  “Visage is a domain specific language (DSL) designed for the express purpose of writing user interfaces.”>  Visage project goals: l  Compile to JavaFX Java APIs l  Evolve the Language (Annotations, Maps, etc.) l  Support Other Toolkits>  Come join the team!>  For more info: http://visage-lang.org/ 86

Java vs. Visage DSLpublic class VanishingCircles extends Application { var circles:Circle[]; Stage { public static void main(String[] args) { title: "Vanishing Circles" Application.launch(args); Scene { } width: 800 height: 600 @Override fill: BLACK public void start(Stage primaryStage) { Group { primaryStage.setTitle("Vanishing Circles"); circles = for (i in [1..50]) { Group root = new Group(); def c:Circle = Circle { Scene scene = new Scene(root, 800, 600, Color.BLACK); centerX: random() * 800 List<Circle> circles = new ArrayList<Circle>(); centerY: random() * 600 for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) { radius: 150 40 Lines 35 Lines final Circle circle = new Circle(150); fill: color(random(), random(), random(), .2) circle.setCenterX(Math.random() * 800); effect: BoxBlur { circle.setCenterY(Math.random() * 600); height: 10 circle.setFill(new Color(Math.random(), Math.random(), Math.random(), .2)); width: 10 circle.setEffect(new BoxBlur(10, 10, 3)); iterations: 3 1299 Characters circle.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() { public void handle(MouseEvent t) { KeyValue collapse = new KeyValue(circle.radiusProperty(), 0); new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(3), collapse)).play(); 487 Characters } stroke: WHITE strokeWidth: bind if (c.hover) 5 else 0 onMouseClicked: function(e) { } Timeline {at (3s) {c.radius => 0}}.play() }); } circle.setStroke(Color.WHITE); } circle.strokeWidthProperty().bind(Bindings.when(circle.hoverProperty()) } .then(4) } .otherwise(0)); } circles.add(circle); } } root.getChildren().addAll(circles); Timeline { primaryStage.setScene(scene); for (circle in circles) at (40s) { primaryStage.show(); circle.centerX => random() * 800; circle.centerY => random() * 600 Timeline moveCircles = new Timeline(); } for (Circle circle : circles) { }.play() KeyValue moveX = new KeyValue(circle.centerXProperty(), Math.random() * 800); KeyValue moveY = new KeyValue(circle.centerYProperty(), Math.random() * 600); moveCircles.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(40), moveX, moveY)); } moveCircles.play(); } } 87

How about JavaFX on… VisageStage { title: "Vanishing Circles" scene: Scene { width: 800 height: 600 fill: BLACK content: Group { circles = for (i in [1..50]) { Circle { centerX: random() * 800 centerY: random() * 600 } } } } } 88

How about JavaFX on… VisageStage { title: "Vanishing Circles" scene: Scene { width: 800 height: 600 fill: BLACK content: Group { circles = for (i in [1..50]) { Circle { centerX: random() * 800 centerY: random() * 600 } } } } } 89

How about JavaFX on… VisageStage { title: "Vanishing Circles" Scene { width: 800 height: 600 fill: BLACK Group { circles = for (i in [1..50]) { Circle { centerX: random() * 800 centerY: random() * 600 } } } } } 90

Visage is JavaFX Script++>  Default Parameters>  New Literal Syntax For: l  Angles – 35deg, 4rad, 1turn l  Colors – #DDCCBB, #AA33AA|CC l  Lengths – 5px, 2pt, 3in, 4sp >  Null-check Dereference l  var width = rect.!width>  Built-in Bindable Maps (coming soon!) l  var fruitMap = ["red" : apple, "yellow" : banana] l  var fruit = bind fruitMap["red"] 91

Visage and JavaFX 2.0 are made for each other…>  Enhanced Binding l  Retains lazy evaluation properties with additional expressive power>  Integrated Collections l  Sequences and Maps automatically convert between JavaFX Observable Lists/Maps>  Built-in Animation Syntax l  Ties into JavaFX animation subsystem l  Provides consistent, clean APIs 92

Other JVM Languages to Try>  JRuby l  Faithful to Ruby language with the power of the JVM>  Gosu l  Up and coming language created at GuideWire l  Easy to enhance libraries and create DSLs>  Mirah l  Invented by Charles Nutter l  Local Type Inference, Static and Dynamic Typing>  Fantom l  Created by Brian and Andy Frank l  Portable to Java and .NET l  Local Type Inference, Static and Dynamic Typing 93

Conclusion>  You can write JavaFX applications in pure Java>  JavaFX is also usable in alternate languages>  You can get improved support using DSL libraries l  GroovyFX l  ScalaFX>  Or a dedicated UI JVM Language l  Visage

Stephen Chin stephen.chin@oracle.com tweet: @steveonjavaThanks to Dean Iverson and Jonathan Giles for help preparing this talk 95

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Hacking JavaFX with Groovy, Clojure, Scala, and Visage: Stephen Chin