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French missionary and founder of theEudists and of the Congregation of Our Lady of Charity; author of theliturgical worship of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary; b. at Ri,France, 14 Nov., 1601; d. atCaen, 19 Aug., 1680. He was a brother of the French historian, François Eudes de Nézeray. At the age of fourteen he took avow of chastity. After brilliant studies with theJesuits atCaen, he entered the Oratory, 25 March, 1623. His masters and models in the spiritual life were Fathersde Bérulle and de Condren. He wasordainedpriest 20 Dec., 1625, and began hissacerdotal life with heroic labours for the victims of the plague, then ravaging the country. As a missionary, Father Eudes became famous. Since the time of St. Vincent Ferrer,France had probably not seen a greater. He was called byOlier "the prodigy of his age". In 1641 he founded the Congregation of Our Lady of Charity of the Refuge, to provide a refuge forwomen of ill-fame who wished to do penance. Thesociety was approved byAlexander VII, 2 Jan., 1666. With theapprobation ofCardinal de Richelieu and a great number of others, Father Eudes severed his connection with the Oratory to establish theSociety of Jesus and Mary for theeducation ofpriests and for missionary work. This congregation was founded atCaen, 25 March, 1643, and was considered a most important and urgent work (seeEUDISTS).
Father Eudes, during his long life, preached not less than one hundred and ten missions, three atParis, one atVersailles, one at St-Germaine-en-Laye, and the others in different parts ofFrance. Normandy was the principal theatre of his apostolic labours. In 1674 he obtained fromClement X sixBulls ofindulgences for the Confraternities of the Sacred Heart already erected or to be erected in theseminaries. He also established the Society of the Heart of the Mother Most Admirable — which resembles theThird Orders of St. Francis andSt. Dominic. Thissociety now numbers from 20,000 to 25,000 members. Father Eudes dedicated theseminarychapels of Caen and Coutances to the Sacred Hearts. Thefeast of the Holy Heart of Mary was celebrated for the first time in 1648, and that of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in 1672, each as a double of the first class with an octave. TheMass andOffice proper to these were composed by Father Eudes, who thus had thehonour of preceding the Blessed Margaret Mary in establishing the devotion to the Sacred Hearts. For this reason,Pope Leo XIII, in proclaiming his virtuesheroic in 1903, gave him the title of "Author of the Liturgical Worship of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and Holy Heart of Mary". Father Eudes wrote a number of books remarkable for elevation ofdoctrine and simplicity of style. His principal works are:--"Le Royaume de Jésus"; "Le contrat de l'homme avec Dieu par le Saint Baptême"; "Le Mémorial de la vie Ecclésiastique"; "Le Bon Confesseur"; "Le Prédicateur Apostolique"; "Le Cœur Admirable de la Très Sainte Mère de Dieu". This last is the first book ever written on the devotion to the Sacred Hearts. His virtues were declaredheroic byLeo XIII, 6 Jan., 1903. Themiracles proposed for hisbeatification were approved byPius X, 3 May, 1908, and he wasbeatified 25 April, 1909.
[St. John Eudes wasbeatified April 25, 1909 andcanonized in 1925. Hisfeast day is August 19. --Ed.]
Œuvres Complètes du Vén. J. Eudes (1905-); MONTIGNY,Vie du R. P. Jean Eudes (Paris, 1827); HÉRAMBOURG,Le Père Eudes, ses vertus (Paris, 1869); MARTINE,Vie du P. Eudes (Caen, 1880); BOULAY,Vie du V. Jean Eudes (Paris); JOLY,Le Vén. Père Eudes (Paris, 1907); LE DORÉ,Le Père Eudes, Premier Apôtre des Sacrés Cœurs de Jésus et de Marie (Paris, 1870);Les Sacrés Cœurs et le V. P. Eudes (Paris, 1891); ORY,Les Origines de Nôtre Dame de Charité (Abbeville, 1891); NILLES,De Rationibus festorum SS. Cordium Jesu et Mariæ (Innsbruck, 1889).
APA citation.Le Brun, C.(1909).Blessed Jean Eudes. InThe Catholic Encyclopedia.New York: Robert Appleton Company.http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05596a.htm
MLA citation.Le Brun, Charles."Blessed Jean Eudes."The Catholic Encyclopedia.Vol. 5.New York: Robert Appleton Company,1909.<http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05596a.htm>.
Transcription.This article was transcribed for New Advent by WGKofron.With thanks to St. Mary's Church, Akron, Ohio.
Ecclesiastical approbation.Nihil Obstat. May 1, 1909. Remy Lafort, Censor.Imprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York.
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