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(SAINT-JEAN-D'ACRE).
In HebrewAccho, in theBooks of MachabeesPtolemais, in Greek writersAke (Arke), in Latin writersAce orAcce, inAssyrian inscriptionsAk-ku-u, in modern ArabicAkka.
Acre is aSyrian seaport on the Mediterranean, in a plain withMount Carmel on the south, and the mountains ofGalilee on the east. Though choked up with sand, it is one of the best harbours on theSyrian coast. The city was built by theChanaanites, and given to thetribe of Aser (Judges 1:31), but not conquered (Joshua 19:24-31). It is mentioned in Mich., i, 10. It was taken by Sennacherib the Assyrian (704-680 B.C.), passed into the power ofTyre, of theSeleucid kings ofSyria, and the Romans. At the time of the Macchabees it belonged for a short time to thesanctuary in Jerusalem by gift ofDemetrius Soter (1 Maccabees 10:12, 13). The Emperor Claudius granted Roman municipalrights to the town; hence it received the name "Colonia Claudii Caesaris."St. Paul visited its earlyChristian community (Acts 21:7). The city was taken by theMoslems A.D. 638, by theCrusaders A.D. 1104, again by theMoslems A.D. 1187, by theCrusaders again A.D. 1191 and finally by theMoslems A.D. 1291. ThoughNapoleon could not conquer it in 1799, it was taken by the Viceroy ofEgypt in 1832, but reconquered by the Sultan in 1840. Till about 1400 it was thesee of aLatinbishop; it has also been the residence of a few Jacobitebishops, and has now aMelchitebishop who is subject to thePatriarch ofAntioch.
HAGEN, Lexicon Biblicum (Paris, 1905); NEHER in Kirchenlex., LEGENDRE in VIG., Dict. de la bible (Paris, 1895); EWING in HASTINGS, Dict. of the Bible (New York, 1903).
APA citation.Maas, A.(1907).Acre. InThe Catholic Encyclopedia.New York: Robert Appleton Company.http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01110b.htm
MLA citation.Maas, Anthony."Acre."The Catholic Encyclopedia.Vol. 1.New York: Robert Appleton Company,1907.<http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01110b.htm>.
Ecclesiastical approbation.Nihil Obstat. March 1, 1907. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor.Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.
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