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(Grossetana)
Grosseto, suffragandiocese ofSiena, has for its episcopal city the capital of the province of Grosseto inTuscany. Grosseto is situated at the mouth of the Ombrone, in the unhealthy Maremma country. It is first mentioned in 803 as a fief of the Counts Aldobrandeschi. It grew in importance with years, owing to the decay of Rusellæ and Vetulonia. The ruins of the former are still to be seen, about five miles from Grosseto — cyclopean walls four miles in circumference, and sulphur baths, which in the last century were restored for medicinal uses. There was formerly an amphitheatre. Grosseto was one of the principal Etruscan cities. In 1137 it was besieged by Henry ofBavaria, envoy to Lothair III. In 1224 theSienese captured it and were legally invested with it by the imperial vicar; thus Grosseto shared the fortuned ofSiena. It became an important stronghold, and the fortress (rocca), the walls, and bastions are still to be seen. In 1266, and again in 1355, it sought freedom from the overlordship ofSiena, but in vain. The Romanesquecathedral was completed in 1295 and restored in 1846. It was the work of Sozo Rustichini ofSiena. Thefaçade consists of alternate layers of white and black marble. The campanile dates from 1402, and the wondrously carvedbaptismal font from 1470.
Rusellæ was an episcopal city from the fifth century.St. Gregory the Great commended to the spiritual care of Balbinus,Bishop of Rusellæ, the inhabitants of Vetulonia. In 1138Innocent II transferred thesee to Grosseto, and Rolando,Bishop of Rusellæ, became theBishop of Grosseto. Among his successors were: Fra Bartolommeo da Amelia (1278), employed by thepopes on many legations; Angelo Pattaroli (1330), a saintlyDominican; Cardinal Raffaele Petrucci (1497), a native ofSiena and lord of that city,hated alike for his cupidity and his worldly mode of life; Ferdinand Cardinal Ponzetti (1522), a learned man but fond of wealth; Marcantonio Campeggio (1528), who was distinguished at theCouncil of Trent. From 1858 to 1867, for political and economical reasons, thesee remainedvacant. Thediocese contains 26parishes and numbers 30,250 faithful. It has tworeligious houses and oneconvent for girls.
Cappelletti, Le chiese d'Italia, XVII (1862), 633 — 77; Cognacci, Scritti, Scrittori, e uomini celebri della provencia di Grosseto (Grosseto, 1874).
APA citation.Benigni, U.(1910).Grosseto. InThe Catholic Encyclopedia.New York: Robert Appleton Company.http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07039a.htm
MLA citation.Benigni, Umberto."Grosseto."The Catholic Encyclopedia.Vol. 7.New York: Robert Appleton Company,1910.<http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07039a.htm>.
Ecclesiastical approbation.Nihil Obstat. June 1, 1910. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor.Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.
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