Noun
Middle Englishorrour, horrour, borrowed from Anglo-Frenchhorrour, horrur, borrowed from Latinhorrōr-, horror "standing stiffly, bristling (of hair), shivering (from cold or fear), dread, consternation," derivative with the abstract noun suffix-ōr- (going back to*-ōs-) from the base ofhorrēre "to be stiffly erect, bristle (of hair, weapons, plants), shudder, shiver," going back to Indo-European *ǵhors-éi̯e-, iterative derivative of a stem*ǵhers- "bristle, become stiff," whence also Sanskrithṛṣyati "(it) stands on end (of hair, from fear or joy), (s/he) rejoices"
Note: According toLexikon der indogermanischen Verben (2. Auflage, Wiesbaden, 2001) this base has fallen together with another base,*g(w)hers- "rejoice," in Vedic, and the outcomes are no longer completely distinguishable; theLexikon attributes to the latter base Vedichárṣate "rejoices, is excited,"ghṛ́ṣuḥ, ghṛ́ṣvih "lively, wanton," as well as Parthiangš- "be cheerful," Sogdianw-γš- "rejoice." Michiel de Vaan (Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the Other Italic Languages, Brill, 2008) posits a single base and assumes forghṛ́ṣuḥ, ghṛ́ṣvih loss of palatal quality in zero grade. Earlier etymological dictionaries, as Pokorny, connect with*ǵhers- and an unextended form*ǵher- a wide variety of nominal forms (cf.gorse,orgeat,hirsute,urchin).
Adjective
from attributive use ofhorrorentry 1
Noun
14th century, in the meaning defined atsense 1a
Adjective
1936, in the meaning definedabove
“Horror.”Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/horror. Accessed 10 Apr. 2025.
horror
nounhorror
nounSubscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free!
Merriam-Webster unabridged